Tillage-induced changes in fungal and bacterial biomass associated with soil aggregates: A long-term field study in a subtropical rice soil in China

Jiang, Xiaowen; Wright, Alan L.; Wang, X.; Liang, Fei

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.03.009

Cited by 80 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This inferred that the interaction between NH 3 and nitrifying microorganisms associated with different aggregates was not altered by tillage. The distribution pattern of TOC, total N, and microbial biomass associated with aggregates had no significant differences between tillage regimes although TOC, TN, and microbial biomass were higher under RNT than CT (Jiang et al 2011a;Jiang et al 2011b). Wright et al (2005) also reported that the forms of tillage had no significant effects on the distribution of TOC in aggregates through 20 years long-term field experiment, and the distribution of microbial biomass in aggregates showed similar conclusions.…”

Section: Tillage Effects On Net Nitrification Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Since the rate of O 2 diffusion is directly related to the distance (aggregate radius), O 2 concentrations are assumed different in various aggregate sizes (Sexstone et al 1985;Kremen et al 2005), and thus differentially affect the nitrification process (Craswell et al 1970). Thirdly, heterogeneous distribution of microbial biomass (Gupta and Germida 1988;Beauchamp and Seech 1990;Miller and Dick 1995;Franzluebbers and Arshad 1997;Jiang et al 2011b) and diversity (Lupwayi et al 2001) among aggregates also plays critical roles in nitrification processes associated with aggregates. Furthermore, most nitrifiers are attached to soil surfaces (Chenu et al 2001;Arp et al 2002), and this kind of attachment stimulates nitrification (Keen and Prosser 1987).…”

Section: Kinetics Of Net Nitrification and Net Mineralization Associamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics of net nitrification associated with soil aggregates under conventional and no-tillage in a subtropical rice soil

et al. 2011

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Tillage effects on soil nitrification kinetics at the aggregate scale were studied for a subtropical rice soil. Soil samples were separated into large aggregates (>2.0 mm), macro-aggregates (2.0-0.25 mm), micro-aggregates (0.25-0.053 mm) and silt + clay fractions (<0.053 mm) by wet-sieving. The net nitrification process was simulated by a zero-and first kinetics model. Conventional tillage (CT) increased the proportion of the silt + clay fraction by 60% and decreased large-aggregates by 35% compared to ridge with no-till (RNT). Regression analysis showed that the time-dependent kinetics of net nitrification were best fitted by a zero-order model for the large-aggregates and silt + clay fraction but a first-order kinetic model for macro-and microaggregates and whole soil, regardless of tillage regime. Both potential nitrification rates (V p ) and net nitrification rates (V a ) were higher for macroaggregates than microaggregates. The potential nitrification (N p ) for whole soil under RNT was 38.7% higher than CT. The V p and V a for whole soil was 88.5% and 64.7% higher under RNT than CT, respectively. Although nitrification was stimulated under RNT, the kinetics model of nitrification was not affected by tillage. This inferred that the interaction between substrates and enzymes involved in nitrification associated with aggregates was not altered by tillage. For this soil, nitrifying microorganisms were mainly associated with macro-and microaggregates rather than large-aggregates and silt + clay fractions.

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Section: Tillage Effects On Net Nitrification Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Kinetics Of Net Nitrification and Net Mineralization Associamentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of net nitrification associated with soil aggregates under conventional and no-tillage in a subtropical rice soil

et al. 2011

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“…This positive effect of forests on soil aggregate stability is probably due to the combined effects of no tillage, accumulation of leaf litter, and the powerful root systems of poplar. Tillage regimes have been reported to cause a decrease in the proportion of macroaggregates (X. Jiang et al, ) and somehow inhibit fungal growth (Van der Wal et al, ); this may have contributed to inducing higher fungi copy numbers in forest soils than in the other two managed agricultural soils. Besides, many members of Basidiomycota and Ascomycota are saprotrophic fungi, which are more able to degrade lignocellulose organic matter (Osono & Takeda, ; Yelle, Ralph, Lu, & Hammel, ), such as straw, litter, and wood (Van der Wal et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of land use on the composition of bacterial and fungal communities in saline–sodic soils

et al. 2019

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Considerable attention has been paid to the establishment of an appropriate land use type for the reclamation of saline–sodic soils. The microbial community structures under various land use types, however, remain elusive in the western Songnen Plain of China. The aim of this study was to explore changes of bacterial and fungal abundance and community patterns under six various land use types: (a) forest, (b) sorghum, (c) paddy, (d) wetland, (e) wasteland, and (f) meadow, with a–c considered to be 'managed systems' and d–f to be 'unmanaged systems.' High‐throughput sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction of bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal internal transcribed spacer rRNA genes were applied to investigate the microbial composition. The results indicated that bacterial abundance ranged from a minimum of 3.40 × 107 copies g−1 dry‐weight soil (d.w.s.) in sorghum to a maximum of 1.03 × 109 copies g−1 d.w.s. in wetland and fungal abundance ranging from 7.11 × 105 to 5.83 × 106 copies g−1 d.w.s. with lowest measured in wasteland and highest in forest, respectively. The abundance and community structures of both bacteria and fungi were similar in paddy and wetland soils, suggesting drying–rewetting alternations played a much greater role in shifting soil microbial communities than other agronomic measures (e.g., fertilization and tillage). The redundancy analysis combined with phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of the unobserved states and FUNGuild analyses indicated that bacteria predominated in nutrient cycling, whereas Ascomycota and Basidiomycota fungi were largely responsible for the restoration of aggregate stability in saline–sodic soils.

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“…However, given our constraints on the DNA yield from the aggregate groups, and the knowledge that fungi are not uniquely associated with the enzyme assayed herein, b-glucosidase, we pyrosequenced only 16S rRNA genes, which does not capture fungal sequences. Assay of the fungal community would be informative, particularly in a study of aggregates of broader size ranges, as fungi and bacteria may preferentially dominate different size classes of aggregates, with bacterial biomass dominating in aggregates less than 2 mm, and fungal biomass predominantly associated with aggregates greater than 2 mm (Jiang et al, 2011). It has also been suggested experimentally that bacterial diversity is more significant than fungal diversity in the silt and clay particulate fractions (compared with coarse sands 4250 mm) (Poll et al, 2003), such as those that compose the macroaggregates in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking microbial community structure to β-glucosidic function in soil aggregates

et al. 2013

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To link microbial community 16S structure to a measured function in a natural soil, we have scaled both DNA and b-glucosidase assays down to a volume of soil that may approach a unique microbial community. b-Glucosidase activity was assayed in 450 individual aggregates, which were then sorted into classes of high or low activities, from which groups of 10 or 11 aggregates were identified and grouped for DNA extraction and pyrosequencing. Tandem assays of ATP were conducted for each aggregate in order to normalize these small groups of aggregates for biomass size. In spite of there being no significant differences in the richness or diversity of the microbial communities associated with high b-glucosidase activities compared with the communities associated with low b-glucosidase communities, several analyses of variance clearly show that the communities of these two groups differ. The separation of these groups is partially driven by the differential abundances of members of the Chitinophagaceae family. It may be observed that functional differences in otherwise similar soil aggregates can be largely attributed to differences in resource availability, rather than to the presence or absence of particular taxonomic groups.

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Tillage-induced changes in fungal and bacterial biomass associated with soil aggregates: A long-term field study in a subtropical rice soil in China

Cited by 80 publications

References 47 publications

Kinetics of net nitrification associated with soil aggregates under conventional and no-tillage in a subtropical rice soil

Kinetics of net nitrification associated with soil aggregates under conventional and no-tillage in a subtropical rice soil

Effect of land use on the composition of bacterial and fungal communities in saline–sodic soils

Linking microbial community structure to β-glucosidic function in soil aggregates

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