Tillage and rotation influences on weed community composition in wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) in southwestern Saskatchewan

Hume, L.; Tessier, S.; Dyck, F. B.

doi:10.4141/cjps91-112

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Inclusion of fallow in our study reduced weed densities below that of monoculture winter wheat but weed densities remained similar to those of winter wheat-canola or winter wheat-flax (Table 2). Hume (1991) and Unger et al (1999) documented lower weed densities in crop-fallow than in continuous crop rotations.…”

Section: To 4)mentioning

confidence: 95%

Tillage intensity and crop rotation affect weed community dynamics in a winter wheat cropping system

Blackshaw¹,

Larney²,

Lindwall³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2001. Tillage intensity and crop rotation affect weed community dynamics in a winter wheat cropping system. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 805-813. Development of improved weed management systems requires more knowledge on how various weed species respond to changing agronomic practices. A long-term study was conducted to determine weed population responses to various tillage intensities and crop rotations in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) dominated cropping system. Weed density and species composition differed with tillage, rotation, year, and date of sampling within years. Weed community dynamics were most affected by year-to-year differences in environmental conditions, followed by crop rotation, and then tillage intensity. and its use in canola resulted in an increase in these species in a winter wheat-canola rotation. Total weed densities were often greater in zero tillage than in either minimum or conventional tillage. Russian thistle, downy brome, kochia, and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) were associated with zero tillage while wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.), lamb's-quarters (Chenopodium album L.), flixweed, and wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) were associated with conventional tillage. Perennials such as dandelion and perennial sowthistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) were associated with zero tillage but Canada thistle was associated with conventional tillage. Information will be utilized to implement more effective weed management programs in winter wheat production systems. . L'utilisation de cet herbicide dans les cultures de canola augmente la densité des peuplements de ces espèces dans l'assolement blé d'hiver-canola. En général, les adventices sont souvent plus nombreuses quand on ne travaille pas le sol que lorsqu'on le travaille un peu ou normalement. La soude roulante, B. tectorum, le kochia à balais et l'amarante racine rouge (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) affectionnent les champs non travaillés tandis que la vrillée bâtarde (Polygonum convolvulus L.), le chénopode blanc (Chenopodum album L.), le sisymbre sagesse et la moutarde sauvage (Sinapis arvensis L.) préfèrent les terrains remués de la manière habituelle. Les vivaces comme le pissenlit et le laiteron des champs (Sonchus arvensis L.) sont associés au non-travail du sol, mais le chardon des champs se retrouve là où on retourne la terre. Les données de l'étude serviront à élaborer des programmes de lutte contre les mauvaises herbes plus efficaces pour la production du blé d'hiver.

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Section: To 4)mentioning

confidence: 95%

Tillage intensity and crop rotation affect weed community dynamics in a winter wheat cropping system

Blackshaw¹,

Larney²,

Lindwall³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Interpreting the potential yield benefit ofhigher SSM for reduced tillage is diffrcult for the clay site because our estimated lower limit was higher for NT than CT wheat. Hume et al (1991) conducted weed surveys in 1983, 1987 and 1989 and reported that foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum L.) was a frequent problem on NT but not on MT or CT at all three sites. As this weed often grew vigorously from spring soil sampling until its control with the preseeding herbicide application, it would reduce water available to the NT wheat from thar measured at spring soil sampling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term tillage effects on spring wheat production on three soil textures in the Brown soil zone

McConkey¹,

Campbell²,

Zentner³

et al. 1996

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…In 1991, immediately prior to the start of this study, 42% of the arable area in the Brown soil zone of Saskatchewan was in fallow, and 89% of the seeded area was in spring wheat production (Anonymous 1992). Low prices for cereal grains, coupled with increasing production problems in wheat monoculture systems (Hume et al 1991;Fernandez et al 1998), are causing producers to seek information about alternative oilseed and pulse crops. Further, direct seeding is being rapidly adopted by producers in this region (Wall et al 1998).…”

Section: Canadian Journal Of Plant Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

The adaptation of seven broadleaf crops to the dry semiarid prairie

Miller¹,

McDonald²,

Derksen³

et al. 2001

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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, J. 2001. The adaptation of seven broadleaf crops to the dry semiarid prairie. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 29-43. To develop diversified cropping systems for the dry semiarid prairie, the adaptation of alternative crops must be known. This experiment compared the adaptation of seven pulse and oilseed crops -desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), dry pea (Pisum sativum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris L.), mustard (Brassica juncea L.), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) -with spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), using two tillage practices -no-till and minimum tillage, including both fallow and wheat stubble-field phases. It was conducted near Swift Current, SK 1992-1996, and on a commercial farm near Congress, SK 1994-1995. Tillage system had no consistent effect on plant densities, which were generally adequate. Mustard, desi chickpea, dry pea and lentil required fewer degree days (5°C base) to reach anthesis, compared with wheat, while safflower and sunflower required more than wheat. Dry pea generally matured sooner than wheat, while lentil and mustard matured earlier than wheat only in years when near normal climatic conditions occurred. All other crops generally matured later than wheat. Safflower required an additional 400 degree-days and as a result presents considerable production risk in the semiarid prairies. Dry pea grain yields averaged 103% of wheat when grown on fallow and 135% of wheat when grown on stubble. Chickpea, lentil and dry pea yielded 76%, 77% and 90%, respectively, of their fallow-field yields when grown on stubble, indicating that the pulse crops have excellent potential for intensifying cropping systems in the dry semiarid prairie by replacing summerfallow in crop rotations. In contrast, wheat and mustard grown on stubble yielded only 66 and 61%, respectively, of fallow-field yields, suggesting they are not as well suited for stubble-cropping as the pulse crops. Low and highly variable yields were observed for safflower, dry bean and sunflower in both field-phases, although the yields from dwarf hybrid sunflower in the latter 2 yr of the study appeared promising. Low seed N concentration in wheat indicated yields were limited by soil-available N in most years, due to the generally wetter than normal growing seasons encountered during this study. The mean N yield (seed N concentration × grain yield) of dry pea was double that for chickpea and lentil, indicating that dry pea fixed the greatest amount of atmospheric N 2 . Water-use efficiency for dry pea averaged 9.4 kg ha -1 mm -1 compared with 7.4 kg ha -1 mm -1 for wheat. Dry pea, chickpea, lentil, mustard and sunflower have good potential for diversifying cropping systems in the dry semiarid prairie. Le régime de travail du sol n'avait pas d'effets constants sur la densité de peuplement des cultures, laquelles en général était satisfaisante. La moutarde, le pois chiche desi, le pois sec et la lentille prenaient moins de degrés-jours de croissance (seuil 5°C) pour arriver à ...

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Tillage and rotation influences on weed community composition in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in southwestern Saskatchewan

Cited by 54 publications

References 4 publications

Tillage intensity and crop rotation affect weed community dynamics in a winter wheat cropping system

Tillage intensity and crop rotation affect weed community dynamics in a winter wheat cropping system

Long-term tillage effects on spring wheat production on three soil textures in the Brown soil zone

The adaptation of seven broadleaf crops to the dry semiarid prairie

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