Tillage and Pest Management Considerations in a Peanut–Cotton Rotation in the Southeastern Coastal Plain

Johnson, William A.; Brenneman, T. B.; Baker, S. H.; Johnson, A. W.; Sumner, D. R.; Mullinix, Benjamin G.

doi:10.2134/agronj2001.933570x

Cited by 81 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A peanut-cotton rotation is popular among growers in the Southeast (Johnson et al, 2001). Current cotton recommendations indicate that the residue of a high-yielding soybean or peanut crop may contribute up to 34 kg N ha −1 to the subsequent cotton crop (Adams et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Contribution of Peanut Residue to Cotton in a Conservation Tillage System

Meso

Balkcom

Wood

et al. 2007

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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Leguminous crops, particularly winter annuals, have been utilized in conservation systems to partially meet nitrogen (N) requirements of succeeding summer cash crops. Previous research also highlights the benefits of utilizing summer annual legumes in rotation with non-leguminous crops. This study assessed the N contribution of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) residues to a subsequent cotton (Gossypium hirsitum L.) crop in a conservation system on a Dothan sandy loam (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Plinthic Kandiudults) at Headland, AL during the 2003-2005 growing seasons. Treatments were arranged in a split plot design, with main plots of peanut residue retained or removed from the soil surface, and subplots as N application rates (0, 34, 67, and 101 kg ha −1 ) applied in fall and spring. Peanut residue did not influence seed cotton yields, leaf N concentrations, or plant N uptake for either growth stage or year of the experiment. There was a trend for peanut residue to increase whole plant biomass measured at the first square in two of three years. Seed cotton yields and plant parameters measured at the first square and mid-bloom responded favorably to spring N applications, but the recommended 101 kg N ha −1 did not maximize yields. The results from this study indicate that peanut residue does not contribute significant amounts of N to a succeeding cotton crop, however, retaining residue on the soil surface provides other benefits to soils in the southeastern U.S.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Contribution of Peanut Residue to Cotton in a Conservation Tillage System

Meso

Balkcom

Wood

et al. 2007

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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“…Contrasts between tillage treatments revealed that only during one season (2004), were differences shown between the conservation tillage systems (both WST and NST) and the conventional tillage system. Narrow-strip tillage or wide-strip tillage were individually superior to conventional tillage in three seasons out of five, however not always in the Conventional 3650 4270 3740 2900 3430 Wide-strip 3020 3880 4410 3230 4000 Narrow-strip 3750 4230 4290 3490 (Chapin et al, 2001;Johnson et al, 2001;Wiatrak et al, 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Seven studies, four of which were conducted with the virginia market type, favored conventional, high intensity tillage practices that could not be considered conservation tillage Grichar and Boswell, 1987;Jordan et al, 2001;Jordan et al, 2003;Minton et al, 1991;Wright and Porter, 1991a;Wright and Porter, 1995). Not surprisingly, seven other studies showed no differences in conservation tillage systems versus conventional tillage (Chapin et al, 2001;Grichar, 2006;Grichar and Smith, 1992;Grichar and Smith, 1992;Johnson et al, 2001;Wiatrak et al, 2004). In fact, a comparison of the sources named above indeed shows the same authors with studies that support conservation tillage, give it no clear advantage, or even oppose conservation tillage for peanut.…”

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confidence: 95%

Interaction of Tillage System and Irrigation Amount on Peanut Performance in the Southeastern U.S

et al. 2012

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A five-year study to investigate the potential interaction of conservation tillage with reduced irrigation amounts was conducted near Dawson, GA on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Conventional tillage was compared to two conservation tillage programs (wide-strip and narrow-strip tillage) under four irrigation levels (100, 66, 33, and 0% of a recommended amount). Peanut yield did not exhibit a tillage by irrigation interaction as expected, although the main effects of irrigation and tillage were each significant by year due to weather variations. Peanut yield in narrow-strip tillage or wide-strip tillage were individually superior to conventional tillage in three seasons out of five, however only in one year did both conservation tillage systems outperform the conventional system. No detrimental effects on yields could be attributed to conservation tillage. Peanut quality and digging loss were dependent on the tillage by year effect as well as the main effect of irrigation. Irrigation increased total sound mature kernels (TSMK) 2% versus non-irrigated (0% irrigation level); tillage was not significant each year of the study but increased TSMK 2% in three of five years. Digging losses were greater in plots with increased yield potential such as those receiving irrigation. Net economic returns revealed a moderate trend towards sustained profitability under reduced irrigation levels through narrow-strip tillage and to a lesser extent, wide-strip tillage. Under conventional tillage systems, returns decreased with decreasing amounts of irrigation applied.

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“…Johnson et al (2001) tested peanut yield response to conventional, reduced, and minimum tillage in a peanut-cotton rotation in Georgia and found that over 5 yr there were no differences in peanut yield among tillage systems. Tubbs and Gallaher (2005) compared peanut yield of five tillage treatments in Florida and suggested that strip tillage systems, with proper management provide an advantage in yield over conventional tillage systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies suggest that there are considerable differences among different tillage methods in input costs, soil impact or crop yields (Johnson et al, 2001;Sidhu and Duiker, 2006). Tillage methods influence not only soil properties SiriPrieto et al, 2007a), but also crop yields Reeves and Mullins, 1995;Siri-Prieto et al, 2007b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peanut Yield and Grade Responses to Timing of Bahiagrass Termination and Tillage in a Sod-based Crop Rotation

Zhao¹,

Wright²,

Marois³

2009

Peanut Science

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Rotation of row crops with perennial grasses has been shown to improve soil quality characteristics, decrease pest incidence, and increase crop yield. Experiments were conducted in Florida during 2006 and 2007 at Marianna and Quincy to determine effects of termination date and subsequent tillage of established bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum L.) on peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) yield and market grade characteristics when rotating from bahiagrass to a row crop. Treatments included two bahiagrass termination dates (fall vs. spring) and six tillage methods [strip-till (inrow subsoiling), disk plus moldboard plow, disk plus chisel, disk plus paratill plus strip-till, disk, and strip-till with 45 kg N/ha]. Bahiagrass termination timing did not affect soil mechanical resistance, peanut yield or market grade characteristics, including percentages of sound mature kernels, split kernels, other kernels, and hulls. Although significant differences in soil mechanical resistance were detected among tillage treatments, peanut yield did not differ among the tillage methods except for the disk alone in 2007 at Quincy. Strip-till peanut yield did not respond to N application. When pooled over termination timing, peanut yields in strip-till, disk plus moldboard plow, disk plus chisel, disk plus paratill plus strip-till, disk, and strip-till plus 45 N were 4830, 5000, 4810, 4810, 4770, and 4620 kg/ha, respectively. These results indicate that when using perennial grasses in sod-based rotations, farmers have a wide window from fall to spring to terminate bahiagrass for optimum peanut production regardless of tillage system.

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Tillage and Pest Management Considerations in a Peanut–Cotton Rotation in the Southeastern Coastal Plain

Cited by 81 publications

References 9 publications

Nitrogen Contribution of Peanut Residue to Cotton in a Conservation Tillage System

Nitrogen Contribution of Peanut Residue to Cotton in a Conservation Tillage System

Interaction of Tillage System and Irrigation Amount on Peanut Performance in the Southeastern U.S

Peanut Yield and Grade Responses to Timing of Bahiagrass Termination and Tillage in a Sod-based Crop Rotation

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