Tillage and fallow frequency effects on selected soil quality attributes in a coarse-textured Brown Chernozem

Campbell, C. A.; McConkey, B.G.; Biederbeck, V. O.; Zentner, R. P.; Tessier, S.; Hahn, D.

doi:10.4141/s97-003

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Another factor that hinders SOC accumulation under our experimental conditions is low clay content in these soils. Havlin et al (4) and Campbell et al (24) reported that SOC and N content were directly proportional to clay content. The Lucedale soil, higher in clay content, exhibited increased SOC to the 7.5-cm depth with no-tillage, while the increase in SOC with no-tillage was limited to the top 3 cm or so in the Benndale soil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage intensity effects on chemical indicators of soil quality in two coastal plain soils

Motta

Reeves

Touchton

2002

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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Few experiments in the coastal plain region of the southeastern United States have reported the effect of long-term tillage and tillage intensity on chemical soil quality indicators. The purpose of this study was to determine the 17-year influence of four tillage systems on chemical soil quality indicators in a Benndale fine sandy loam (coarse-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic, Typic Paleudults) and a Lucedale very fine sandy loam (fine-loamy, siliceous, subactive, thermic, Rhodic Paleudults) in the coastal plain region of Alabama. Tillage systems were no-tillage, disk, moldboard plow, and chisel plow under varied double-cropping in a randomized complete block design with four replications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage intensity effects on chemical indicators of soil quality in two coastal plain soils

Motta

Reeves

Touchton

2002

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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“…subhumid conditions, we concluded that LFOC is a more sensitive indicator of soil organic matter quality associated with crop rotations but less so with respect to tillage effects. That crop rotations had greater impact on LFOC than tillage may reflect their relative influence on C inputs (yield) (Campbell et al, 1997a, b). In the Brown soil zone, tillage rarely influences crop yields, but crop rotations do (McConkey et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the labile nature of LFOC, it is not surprising that C min , LFOC, and soil microbial biomass are usually correlated, considering that microbial biomass and LFOC are substrates and the microbes are also agents of soil respiration (Biederbeck et al 1994). The effect of intensifying cropping systems on C min is generally positive (Campbell et al 1997a(Campbell et al , 1999c. However, the effect of tillage on C min is less certain.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of tillage and crop rotations on the light fraction organic carbon and carbon mineralization in Chernozemic soils of Saskatchewan

Liang¹,

McConkey²,

Schoenau³

et al. 2003

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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H. 2003. Effect of tillage and crop rotations on the light fraction organic carbon and carbon mineralization in Chernozemic soils of Saskatchewan. Can J. Soil Sci. 83: 65-72. Light fraction of soil organic C (LFOC) represents a major portion of labile soil organic C (SOC) and is a key attribute of soil quality. Soil respiration (C min ) is an important index depicting the potential activity of the labile SOC. Six field experiments, varying in duration (8 to 25 yr), in location (Brown, Dark Brown and Black Chernozemic soil zones of Saskatchewan) and soil texture, were conducted to evaluate the impact of tillage and crop rotations on crop production and soil quality. We sampled the 0-7.5-cm depth of soil in these experiments to determine the treatment effects on LFOC, the proportion of LFOC in the SOC (LFOC/SOC) and C min . Increasing the frequency of summer fallow in cropping systems decreased the LFOC in all soil zones; it also decreased the proportion of LFOC in SOC and C min . Tillage had little impact on LFOC in the Brown and Dark Brown Chernozemic soil zones, although it significantly decreased LFOC in the Black Chernozemic soil zone. Thus, crop rotation had a greater impact on LFOC than tillage. Tillage did not influence C min in any soil zone. Because adoption of no-till management increased SOC in all soil zones, we concluded that LFOC was not a sensitive indicator of the impact of tillage on this soil quality attribute for these Chernozemic soils in Saskatchewan. We also found that LFOC/SOC is directly proportional to sand content. This relationship may assist us in partitioning SOC pools with differing turnover times when modeling SOC dynamics.Key words: Soil organic C, light fraction organic C, tillage, crop rotations, texture, mineralizable C Liang, B. C., McConkey, B. G., Schoenau, J., Curtin, D., Campbell, C. A., Moulin, A. P., Lafond, G. P., Brandt, S. A. et Wang, H. 2003. Incidence du travail du sol et de l'assolement sur la fraction légère du carbone organique et sur la minéralisation du carbone dans les sols tchernozémiques de la Saskatchewan. Can. J. Soil Sci. 83: 65-72. La fraction légère du C organique du sol (FLCO) constitue une part importante du C organique du sol (COS) labile et elle figure parmi les principaux paramètres qualitatifs du sol. La respiration (C min ) est un indice important caractérisant l'activité potentielle du COS labile. Les auteurs ont entrepris six expériences d'une durée variable (de 8 à 25 ans), à divers endroits (zones de sols bruns, de sols brun foncé et de sols noirs tchernozémiques de la Saskatchewan) et sur des sols de texture différente, afin d'évaluer l'incidence du travail du sol et de l'assolement sur la production végétale et la qualité du sol. Ils ont prélevé des échantillons de sol à une profondeur de 0 à 7,5 cm et déterminé l'effet des traitements sur la FLCO, la proportion de FLCO dans le COS (FLCO/COS) et la C min . Des jachères d'été plus fréquentes réduisent la FLCO dans toutes les zones de sols; elles diminuent aussi le rapport FLCO/COS et la C m...

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“…Changes in soil condition due to surface residue accumulation in continuous crop, no-till systems are substantial and are characterized by increased soil organic matter (Bowman et al, 1999;Campbell et al, 1996Campbell et al, , 1997Halvorson et al, 2002), improvements in soil physical properties (Arshad et al, 1999;Pikul and Aase, 1995), enhanced microbial activity and biomass (Doran, 1980;Salinas-Garcia et al, 1997;Staley et al, 1988), decreased soil pH (Bowman and Halvorson, 1998;Dick, 1983), and increased surface concentration of nutrients available to plants (Follett and Peterson, 1988;Tracy et al, 1990). These changes in soil condition have improved the functioning of cropping systems in the northern Great Plains by increasing water storage (Deibert et al, 1986;Tanaka and Anderson, 1997;Peterson et al, 1996), reducing soil erosion (Merrill et al, 1999), and enhancing mineral N conservation (Follett and Schimel, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tillage and cropping effects on soil quality indicators in the northern Great Plains

Liebig¹,

Tanaka²,

Wienhold³

2004

Soil and Tillage Research

213

116

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The extreme climate of the northern Great Plains of North America requires cropping systems to possess a resilient soil resource in order to be sustainable. This paper summarizes the interactive effects of tillage, crop sequence, and cropping intensity on soil quality indicators for two long-term cropping system experiments in the northern Great Plains. The experiments, located in central North Dakota, were established in 1984 and 1993 on a Wilton silt loam (FAO: Calcic Siltic Chernozem; USDA 1 : fine-silty, mixed, superactive frigid Pachic Haplustoll). Soil physical, chemical, and biological properties considered as indicators of soil quality were evaluated in spring 2001 in both experiments at depths of 0-7.5, 7.5-15, and 15-30 cm. Management effects on soil properties were largely limited to the surface 7.5 cm in both experiments. For the experiment established in 1984, differences in soil condition between a continuous crop, no-till system and a crop-fallow, conventional tillage system were substantial. Within the surface 7.5 cm, the continuous crop, no-till system possessed significantly more soil organic C (by 7.28 Mg ha −1 ), particulate organic matter C (POM-C) (by 4.98 Mg ha −1 ), potentially mineralizable N (PMN) (by 32.4 kg ha −1 ), and microbial biomass C (by 586 kg ha −1 ), as well as greater aggregate stability (by 33.4%) and faster infiltration rates (by 55.6 cm h −1 ) relative to the crop-fallow, conventional tillage system. Thus, soil from the continuous crop, no-till system was improved with respect to its ability to provide a source for plant nutrients, withstand erosion, and facilitate water transfer. Soil properties were affected less by management practices in the experiment established in 1993, although organic matter related properties tended to be greater under continuous cropping or minimum tillage than crop sequences with fallow or no-till. In particular, PMN and microbial biomass C were greatest in continuous spring wheat (with residue removed) (22.5 kg ha −1 for PMN; 792 kg ha −1 for microbial biomass C) as compared with sequences with fallow (SW-S-F and SW-F) (Average = 15.9 kg ha −1 for PMN; 577 kg ha −1 for microbial biomass C). Results from both experiments confirm that farmers in the northern Great Plains of North America can improve soil quality and agricultural sustainability by adopting production systems that employ intensive cropping practices with reduced tillage management.

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Tillage and fallow frequency effects on selected soil quality attributes in a coarse-textured Brown Chernozem

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

Tillage intensity effects on chemical indicators of soil quality in two coastal plain soils

Tillage intensity effects on chemical indicators of soil quality in two coastal plain soils

Effect of tillage and crop rotations on the light fraction organic carbon and carbon mineralization in Chernozemic soils of Saskatchewan

Tillage and cropping effects on soil quality indicators in the northern Great Plains

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