Tillage and deficit irrigation strategies to improve winter wheat production through regulating root development under simulated rainfall conditions

Ali, Shahzad; Xu, Yueyue; Ahmad, Irshad; Jia, Qianmin; Ma, Xiangcheng; Ullah, Hidayat; Alam, Mukhtar; Adnan, Muhammad; Daur, İhsanullah; Ren, Xiaolong; Cai, Tommaso; Zhang, Jiahua; Jia, Zhikuan

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2018.07.007

Cited by 40 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…NT decreased evapotranspiration in this study, which was similar to Huang et al (2012), because NT increased interception of precipitation, and it reduced water absorption because of the lower root volume (Ali et al, 2018). WUE was lower in NT than T, mostly because of the reduction in grain yield under NT, which was similar to previous study (Ren et al, 2018a;Ren et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Water Usesupporting

confidence: 88%

Carbon emission and water use efficiency response to tillage methods and planting patterns of winter wheat in the North China Plain

2020

PeerJ

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Background Implementing sustainable farming practices for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the North China Plain may be a way to reduce carbon emissions. No tillage generally results in less net CO2 loss from farmland, but no tillage also reduces the grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat. Wide-precision planting of winter wheat may enhance the grain yield and WUE; however, it is not known precisely how tillage and planting patterns affect CO2 exchange, grain yield and WUE. Methods In this study, two tillage methods (conventional tillage, T and no tillage, NT) and two planting patterns (conventional planting, C and wide-precision planting, W) were used in two consecutive winter wheat growing seasons. Results Compared with the T treatments, the NT treatments had significantly lower cumulative net CO2 emissions in 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 (30.8 and 21.3%, respectively), and had lower grain yields (9.0 and 9.4%, respectively) and WUE (6.0 and 7.2%, respectively). The W treatments had a compensating effect on grain yield failure and reduced cumulative net CO2 emissions more than C treatments, thereby increasing WUE, reducing carbon emissions per unit water consumption, and increasing the yield carbon utilization efficiency (YCUE). The lowest cumulative CO2 emissions and highest YCUE were observed for NT with W treatment. Results from this analogous tillage experiment indicated that NT and W farming practices provide an option for reducing carbon emissions and enhancing WUE and YCUE for sustainable winter wheat development.

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Section: Water Usesupporting

confidence: 88%

Carbon emission and water use efficiency response to tillage methods and planting patterns of winter wheat in the North China Plain

2020

PeerJ

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“…A decrease in RWD from the upper to the lower depths of the soil profile is a well-known pattern of root distribution in wheat and other cereals (Gregory et al, 1978;Elazab et al, 2012Elazab et al, , 2016Liu et al, 2015;Aziz et al, 2017;Ali et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2018). This gradient allocation of RWD is due to the presence of adventitious roots, which occupy the upper soil profile forming around 86-99% of the whole root system, and unlike seminal roots, they cannot grow in the deep soil profile layers (Manske and Vlek, 2002;Zhao et al, 2018).…”

Section: Root Weight Density and Soil Water Content Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability of plant roots to uptake water and nutrients from a given depth of the soil profile relies on root distributional traits, such as the root length and weight ( Tinker and Nye, 2000 ; Li et al, 2006 ; Elazab et al, 2012 , 2016 ; Carvalho et al, 2014 ; Zhao et al, 2018 ). Root weight density (RWD) is often used in root studies ( Fageria, 2004 ; Zhang et al, 2009 ; Elazab et al, 2012 , 2016 ; Shen et al, 2013 ; Wang et al, 2014 ; Ali et al, 2018 ; Zhao et al, 2018 ) to describe the root weight allocation within a volume of the soil profile. Previous studies showed contradictory effects of water regimes on RWD; for instance, Xue et al (2003) and Ali et al (2018) reported increases in RWD with water supply, whereas Elazab et al (2012 , 2016) reported no changes in RWD by water deficits, or even increased under these conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Architecture and Functional Traits of Spring Wheat Under Contrasting Water Regimes

et al. 2020

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Wheat roots are known to play an important role in the yield performance under water-limited (WL) conditions. Three consecutive year trials (2015, 2016, and 2017) were conducted in a glasshouse in 160 cm length tubes on a set of spring wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under contrasting water regimes (1) to assess genotypic variability in root weight density (RWD) distribution in the soil profile, biomass partitioning, and total water used; and (2) to determine the oxygen and hydrogen isotopic signatures of plant and soil water in order to evaluate the contribution of shallow and deep soil water to plant water uptake and the evaporative enrichment of these isotopes in the leaf as a surrogate for plant transpiration. In the 2015 trial under well-watered (WW) conditions, the aerial biomass (AB) was not significantly different among 15 wheat genotypes, while the total root biomass and the RWD distribution in the soil profile were significantly different. In the 2016 and 2017 trials, a subset of five genotypes from the 2015 trial was grown under WW and WL regimes. The water deficit significantly reduced AB only in 2016. The water regimes did not significantly affect the root biomass and root biomass distribution in the soil depths for both the 2016 and 2017 trials. The study results highlighted that under a WL regime, the production of thinner roots with low biomass is more beneficial for increasing the water uptake than the production of large thick roots. The models applied to estimate the relative contribution of the plant’s primary water sources (shallow or deep soil water) showed large interindividual variability in soil, and plant water isotopic composition resulted in large uncertainties in the model estimates. On the other side, the combined information of root architecture and the leaf stable isotope signatures could explain plant water status.

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“…Environmental and management factors greatly affect the selection of suitable tillage methods [40][41][42]. In the RWRS, Saharawat et al [7] reported that grain yield in NT wheat was either higher or equivalent to tillage wheat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Management Strategies of Tillage and No-Tillage Wheat Following Rice in the Yangtze River Basin, China: Grain Yield, Grain Protein, Nitrogen Efficiency, and Economics

Ding

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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In the rice-wheat rotation system, conventional culturing of high yield rice results in poor soil conditions and excessive residues, which negatively affect wheat growth. Tillage and nitrogen (N) use are being sought to address this problem. In order to propose a suitable tillage method and corresponding N management strategy, the influence of three tillage methods (i.e., plow tillage followed by rotary tillage (PR), rotary tillage twice (RR), and no-tillage (NT)) and nine forms of N management strategies (i.e., three total N rates × three N-splitting schemes) were investigated in a field experiment from 2016 to 2017 (2017) and 2017 to 2018 (2018), using grain yield, grain protein content (GPC), N uptake efficiency (NUpE), and net returns as evaluation indexes. Grain yield, GPC, and net returns were lower in 2017 than 2018, likely as a result of weak seedling growth caused by high soil moisture before and after seeding. In 2017, NT achieved higher grain yield, NUpE, and net returns compared to PR or RR, while grain yield and net returns were higher under tillage in 2018, especially PR. Increased total N rates (210–270 kg ha−1) promoted all evaluation indexes, but suitable timing and corresponding rates of N application are dependent on the environment. These results indicate that the combination of NT and applying N at lower rates and only a few times (i.e., 168 and 72 kg ha−1 applied at pre-sowing and when flag leaves are visible) when the soil is not suitable for tillage is the best method for cutting costs and improving benefits. Under suitable conditions for tillage, PR and intensive management strategies (i.e., 135, 27, 54, and 54 kg ha−1 applied at pre-sowing, four-leaf, jointing, and booting, respectively) could be adopted to increase overall yield, quality, and benefits.

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Tillage and deficit irrigation strategies to improve winter wheat production through regulating root development under simulated rainfall conditions

Cited by 40 publications

References 42 publications

Carbon emission and water use efficiency response to tillage methods and planting patterns of winter wheat in the North China Plain

Carbon emission and water use efficiency response to tillage methods and planting patterns of winter wheat in the North China Plain

Root Architecture and Functional Traits of Spring Wheat Under Contrasting Water Regimes

Nitrogen Management Strategies of Tillage and No-Tillage Wheat Following Rice in the Yangtze River Basin, China: Grain Yield, Grain Protein, Nitrogen Efficiency, and Economics

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