Tiger in the sun: A report of Aedes albopictus in Jamaica

Ali, Inshan; Mundle, Marcia; Anzinger, Joshua J.; Sandiford, Simone L.

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105112

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…aegypti is primarily found in highly urban habitats and feeds almost exclusively on human hosts. Finally, although Aedes albopictus occurs on other Caribbean islands [ 76 ], we did not find this species in our survey. Ongoing surveillance will be important to continue, as changes in land use and climate could lead to shifts in mosquito community composition, host contact rates, and mosquito-borne disease transmission in humans and animals.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Effects of seasonality and land use on the diversity, relative abundance, and distribution of mosquitoes on St. Kitts, West Indies

et al. 2020

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Background Mosquito surveys that collect local data on mosquito species’ abundances provide baseline data to help understand potential host-pathogen-mosquito relationships, predict disease transmission, and target mosquito control efforts. Methods We conducted an adult mosquito survey from November 2017 to March 2019 on St. Kitts, using Biogents Sentinel 2 traps, set monthly and run for 48-h intervals. We collected mosquitoes from a total of 30 sites distributed across agricultural, mangrove, rainforest, scrub and urban land covers. We investigated spatial variation in mosquito species richness across the island using a hierarchical Bayesian multi-species occupancy model. We developed a mixed effects negative binomial regression model to predict the effects of spatial variation in land cover, and seasonal variation in precipitation on observed counts of the most abundant mosquito species observed. Results There was high variation among sites in mosquito community structure, and variation in site level richness that correlated with scrub forest, agricultural, and urban land covers. The four most abundant species were Aedes taeniorhynchus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegpyti and Deinocerites magnus, and their relative abundance varied with season and land cover. Aedes aegypti was the most commonly occurring mosquito on the island, with a 90% probability of occurring at between 24 and 30 (median = 26) sites. Mangroves yielded the most mosquitoes, with Ae. taeniorhynchus, Cx. quinquefasciatus and De. magnus predominating. Psorophora pygmaea and Toxorhynchites guadeloupensis were only captured in scrub habitat. Capture rates in rainforests were low. Our count models also suggested the extent to which monthly average precipitation influenced counts varied according to species. Conclusions There is high seasonality in mosquito abundances, and land cover influences the diversity, distribution, and relative abundance of species on St. Kitts. Further, human-adapted mosquito species (e.g. Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus) that are known vectors for many human relevant pathogens (e.g. chikungunya, dengue and Zika viruses in the case of Ae. aegypti; West Nile, Spondweni, Oropouche virus, and equine encephalitic viruses in the case of Cx. quinqefasciatus) are the most wide-spread (across land covers) and the least responsive to seasonal variation in precipitation.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Effects of seasonality and land use on the diversity, relative abundance, and distribution of mosquitoes on St. Kitts, West Indies

et al. 2020

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“…These observations in the recent decade, highlights the need to assess potential risks of mosquito-borne diseases, to strengthen vector surveillance activities to effectively combat current and future healthcare challenges. More so, studies in the region have shown increases in competent species, invasive and native, established close to human dwellings [ 41 , 42 ] and insecticides losing their potency ( Table 3 ) [ [43] , [44] , [45] ].…”

Section: The Caribbean and Its Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in the control of neglected insect vector diseases of human importance in the Anglo-Caribbean

et al. 2021

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Introduction Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in developing countries like the Caribbean, negatively affect multiple income-generating sectors, including the tourism industry upon which island states are highly dependent. Insect-transmitted NTDs include, but are not limited to, malaria, dengue and lymphatic filariasis. Control measures for these disease, are often ignored because of the associated cost. Many of the developing country members are thus retained in a financially crippling cycle, balancing the cost of prophylactic measures with that of controlling an outbreak. The purpose of the paper is to bring awareness to NTDs transmitted by insects of importance to humans, and to assess factors affecting such control, in the English-speaking Caribbean. Method Comprehensive literature review on reports pertaining to NTDs transmitted by insects in the Caribbean and Latin America was conducted. Data search was carried out on PubMed, and WHO and PAHO websites. Results and conclusion Potential risk factors for NTDs transmitted by arthropods in the English-speaking Caribbean are summarised. The mosquito appears to be the main insect-vector of human importance within the region of concern. Arthropod-vectors of diseases of veterinary importance are also relevant because they affect the livelihood of farmers, in highly agriculture based economies. Other NTDs may also be in circulation gauged by the presence of antibodies in Caribbean individuals. However, routine diagnostic tests for specific diseases are expensive and tests may not be conducted when diseases are not prevalent in the population. It appears that only a few English-speaking Caribbean countries have examined secondary reservoirs of pathogens or assessed the effectivity of their insect control methods. As such, disease risk assessment appears incomplete. Although continuous control is financially demanding, an integrated and multisectoral approach might help to deflect the cost. Such interventions are now being promoted by health agencies within the region and various countries are creating and exploring the use of novel tools to be incorporated in their insect-vector control programmes.

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“…In the third period (2000 to 2010), the mosquito significantly expanded its distribution to ten countries including Bermuda, Canada, Trinidad and Tobago, Panama, Uruguay, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Belize, and Haiti [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. In the fourth period (2011-2021), the presence of the mosquito was only reported in Ecuador in 2017 and in Jamaica in 2018 [63,64]. It is well documented that the introduction of Ae.…”

Section: Chronological Order Of the First Reports Of Ae Albopictus In The Americasmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Updated Review Of the Invasive Aedes Albopictus in the Americas; The Minimum Infection Rate Suggests That Is More Efficient in the Vertical Than Horizontal Transmission of Arboviruses

Garcia-Rejon¹,

Navarro²,

Cigarroa-Toledo³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The aim of the work was to update the distribution range of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus Skuse in the Americas, review the blood feeding patterns and compare the minimum infection rate (MIR) between studies of vertical and horizontal transmission of arboviruses. The current distribution of Ae. albopictus encompasses 21 countries in the Americas. In eleven published papers on the blood feeding pattern of Ae. albopictus, DNA from 16 species of mammals and five species of avian species was found. The most common host is humans, and dogs. We found 24 published papers on the identification of arboviruses in wild populations of Ae. albopictus with the potential to infect humans and animals. Eight arboviruses have been isolated in different studies carried out in Brazil, USA, Mexico, Colombia, and Costa Rica. Fifty-eight percent (14/24) of the publications reported vertical transmission of arbovirus. Positive pools were higher in vertical (8.45%) compared to horizontal transmission (0.97%). This was supported by the MIR, which was 3 times greater in vertical (MIR=3.21) than horizontal transmission (MIR= 1.08). In conclusion, Ae. albopictus is an invasive mosquito with wide phenotypic plasticity to adapt to broad and new areas, high vectorial competence to transmit several arboviruses mainly by transovarial transmission, it can participate in the endemic transmission, and serve as a bridge vector for emerging arboviruses between sylvan, rural, and urban areas.

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Tiger in the sun: A report of Aedes albopictus in Jamaica

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of seasonality and land use on the diversity, relative abundance, and distribution of mosquitoes on St. Kitts, West Indies

Effects of seasonality and land use on the diversity, relative abundance, and distribution of mosquitoes on St. Kitts, West Indies

Challenges in the control of neglected insect vector diseases of human importance in the Anglo-Caribbean

An Updated Review Of the Invasive Aedes Albopictus in the Americas; The Minimum Infection Rate Suggests That Is More Efficient in the Vertical Than Horizontal Transmission of Arboviruses

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