“…Although a variety of relatively sophisticated analytical as well as semi-numerical tideaquifer interaction models are now available for single and multi-layer aquifer systems considering the effect of beach slope, aquifer leakage, density differences, varying tidal signals, leaky layer's elastic storage and submarine outlet-capping (e.g., Nielsen 1990;Li and Chen 1991;Townley 1995;Sun 1997;Jiao and Tang 1999;Trefry 1999;Li and Barry 2000;Li et al 2000a, b;2002b, c;Jiao 2001, Wang andTsay 2001;Li and Jiao 2001a, b;2002a, b;2003a, b;Su et al 2003;Teo et al 2003;Jeng et al 2002Jeng et al , 2005Chuang and Yeh 2007;Li et al 2006;Guo et al 2007;Li et al 2007a, b;Ren et al 2007;Xia et al 2007), simple analytical one-dimensional tide-aquifer interaction models such as Jacob and Ferris models are commonly used to help understand and analyze the behavior of coastal aquifer systems (Trefry and Bekele 2004) that is of interest in the present study. In a homogeneous, isotropic, semi-infinite, confined coastal aquifer system, the one-dimensional transient propagation of sinusoidal waves due to tides into the aquifer system is described by (Ferris 1951;Todd 1980):…”