“…Tidal has a dynamic character and its character is different in each region, especially the tides affect the rate of pollutants, ASTESJ ISSN: 2415-6698 sediment transport and erotion [18], [19]. Therefore, to facilitate the presentation of tidal conditions in an area is to use the chart [20]. The co-tidal chart is part of the nautical chart [21], [22].…”
The characteristic of tide is different for each region. Co-tidal charts are one of the media to present an information about the character of tidal. There are two types of co-tidal chart, such as co-phase chart and co-range chart. Co-phase chart will show the distribution of tides, meanwhile the co-range chart will show the propagation direction of tides. Sunda Strait was chosen to analyze the tidal propagation pattern. The amount of the tidal station which were observed are 33 stations across Sunda Strait. This research used four harmonic constituents of tide, such as M2, S2, K1 O1 and the chart of Sunda Strait to establish cotidal charts. The harmonic constituent of tide was analyzed by Admiralty Method. These data were obtained from Hydrography and Oceanography Center, Indonesian Navy (PUSHIDROSAL). The result of this research shows the tidal propagation direction of semidiurnal harmonic constituents of tide (M2, S2) that flows in south area of Sunda Strait (comes from Indian Ocean through the western part of Sumatra island). Meanwhile, in north area of Sunda Strait, the tidal propagation that comes from Indian Ocean flows through Karimata Strait. The direction of tidal propagation of diurnal harmonic constituents of tide (K1, SO1) that flows in Sunda Strait comes from Pacific Ocean through Karimata Strait. However, the tidal type in Sunda Strait is dominated by mixed tide prevalling semidiurnal and the highest amount of Z0 is 100 cm, meanwhile the lowest value of Z0 in Sunda Strait is 40 cm.
“…Tidal has a dynamic character and its character is different in each region, especially the tides affect the rate of pollutants, ASTESJ ISSN: 2415-6698 sediment transport and erotion [18], [19]. Therefore, to facilitate the presentation of tidal conditions in an area is to use the chart [20]. The co-tidal chart is part of the nautical chart [21], [22].…”
The characteristic of tide is different for each region. Co-tidal charts are one of the media to present an information about the character of tidal. There are two types of co-tidal chart, such as co-phase chart and co-range chart. Co-phase chart will show the distribution of tides, meanwhile the co-range chart will show the propagation direction of tides. Sunda Strait was chosen to analyze the tidal propagation pattern. The amount of the tidal station which were observed are 33 stations across Sunda Strait. This research used four harmonic constituents of tide, such as M2, S2, K1 O1 and the chart of Sunda Strait to establish cotidal charts. The harmonic constituent of tide was analyzed by Admiralty Method. These data were obtained from Hydrography and Oceanography Center, Indonesian Navy (PUSHIDROSAL). The result of this research shows the tidal propagation direction of semidiurnal harmonic constituents of tide (M2, S2) that flows in south area of Sunda Strait (comes from Indian Ocean through the western part of Sumatra island). Meanwhile, in north area of Sunda Strait, the tidal propagation that comes from Indian Ocean flows through Karimata Strait. The direction of tidal propagation of diurnal harmonic constituents of tide (K1, SO1) that flows in Sunda Strait comes from Pacific Ocean through Karimata Strait. However, the tidal type in Sunda Strait is dominated by mixed tide prevalling semidiurnal and the highest amount of Z0 is 100 cm, meanwhile the lowest value of Z0 in Sunda Strait is 40 cm.
“…In situ measurements, based on Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), are typically conducted to characterize the spatial and temporal variability of current amplitude and direction within a tidal stream energy site, and assess the power potential for tidal turbines installation [7][8][9]. However, these observations are restricted to a limited number of locations and periods to time.…”
Estimating the energy potential of tidal stream site is a key feature for tidal energy system deployment. This paper aims to compare two methods of prediction of tidal current velocities. The first one is based on the use of a fully three-dimensional (3D) numerical approach. However, while being accurate, the numerical model is highly time-consuming. The second method is based on a linear approximation of the tidal current, which only requires preliminary knowledge of local current velocities time series during two typical tidal cycles. This second method allows a very quick evaluation of the tidal stream resource during a long time period. The proposed comparison is done in three different locations of a high potential tidal energy site in west of France. It is carried out in terms of current velocity and energy harnessing for several turbines technology options (with and without yaw). The achieved results show that the linear approximation gives satisfactory evaluation of the tidal stream potential and can be a very interesting tool for preliminary site evaluation and first technology options selection. However, the fully 3D numerical model can obviously be very useful in more advanced steps of a project.
“…An up-to-date review of TCE turbine technology is provided in [2]. There exists an extensive reported study on the tidal resource assessment of specific geographical sites around the world [3][4][5][6]. The progress of the deployment of TCE is closely related to two inter-related cost elements: capital expenditure (CAPEX) and the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) [7,8], where it is shown that the layout of a TCE turbine farm plays an important role in the determination of these cost elements.…”
Electrical power cables in tidal turbine farms contribute a significant share to capital expenditure (CAPEX). As a result, the routing of electrical power cables connecting turbines to cable collector hubs must be designed so as to obtain the least cost configuration. This is referred to as a tidal cable routing problem. This problem possesses several variants depending on the number of cable collector hubs. In this paper, these variants are modeled by employing the approach of the single depot multiple traveling salesman problem (mTSP) and the multiple depot mTSP of operational research for the single and multiple cable collector variants, respectively. The developed optimization models are computationally implemented using MATLAB. In the triple cable collector cable hub variant, an optimal solution is obtained, while good-quality suboptimal solutions are obtained in the double and single cable collector hub variants. In practice, multiple cable collector hubs are expected to be employed as the multiple hub configurations tend to be more economic than the single hub configurations. This has been confirmed by this paper for an optimal tidal turbine layout obtained with OpenTidalFarm. Suggestions are presented for future research studies comprising a number of heuristics.
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