Tidal deposits in the cretaceous of the Carolina coastal plain

Swift, Donald J. P.; Heron, S. Duncan

doi:10.1016/0037-0738(67)90064-4

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…El is interpreted as a tidal channel deposit (Terwindt, 1971 ;Raaf & Boersma, 197 1 ;Sellwood, 1972). Ophiomorpha has been recorded from both recent and ancient estuarine channel sediments (Frey et al, 1978;Goldring, Bosence & Blake, 1978).…”

Section: Interpretation Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facies, environments and sedimentary cycles in the Middle Eocene, Bracklesham Formation of the Hampshire Basin: evidence for global sea‐level changes?

Plint

1983

Sedimentology

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The Bracklesham Formation is of Middle Eocene age and occurs throughout the Hampshire Basin of southern England. The basin is elongated east‐west and filled with Lower Tertiary sediments. Its southern margin is marked by either large, northward‐facing monoclines, or faults, both of which underwent differential movement, with uplift of the southern side throughout the Middle Eocene. The Bracklesham Formation, which is up to 240 m thick, shows pronounced lateral facies changes with dominantly marine sediments in the east passing to alluvial sediments in the west. Four principal sedimentary environments: marine, lagoonal, estuarine and alluvial are distinguished. Marine sediments comprise six facies including offshore silty clays and glauconitic silty sands, beach and aeolian dune sands, and flint conglomerates formed on pebble beaches. Offshore sediments predominate in the eastern part of the basin, as far west as Alum Bay, where they are replaced by nearshore sediments. Lagoonal sediments comprise four facies and formed in back‐barrier lagoons, coastal marshes and, on occasions, were deposited over much of the basin during periods of low salinity and restricted tidal motion. Five estuarine facies represent tidal channels, channel mouth‐bars and abandoned channels. These sediments suggest that much of the Bracklesham Formation was deposited under micro‐ to meso‐tidal conditions. Alluvial sediments dominate the formation to the west of Alum Bay. They comprise coarse to fine sands deposited on the point‐bars of meandering rivers, interbedded with thick sequences of laminated interchannel mudstones, deposited in marshes, swamps and lakes. Extensive layers of ball clay were periodically deposited in a lake occupying much of the alluvial basin. In alluvial areas, fault movement exposed Mesozoic rocks along the southern margin of the basin, the erosion of which generated fault‐scarp alluvial fan gravels. Locally, pisolitic limestone formed in pools fed by springs emerging at the faulted Chalk‐Tertiary contact. In marine areas, flint pebbles were eroded from coastal exposures of chalk and accumulated on pebble beaches and in estuaries. From other evidence it is suggested that older Tertiary sediments were also reworked. The Bracklesham Formation is strongly cyclic and was deposited during five marine transgressions, the effects of which can be recognized throughout the basin in both marine and alluvial areas. Each of the five transgressive cycles is a few tens of metres thick and contains little evidence of intervening major regression. The cycles are thought to represent small‐scale eustatic sea‐level rises (‘paracycles’) superimposed upon a major transgressive ‘cycle’ that began at the base of the Bracklesham Formation, following a major regression, and was terminated, at the top of the Barton Formation by another major regression. This major cycle can be recognized world‐wide and may reflect a period of rapid northward extension of the mid‐Atlantic ridge.

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Section: Interpretation Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facies, environments and sedimentary cycles in the Middle Eocene, Bracklesham Formation of the Hampshire Basin: evidence for global sea‐level changes?

Plint

1983

Sedimentology

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“…As pointed out by Swift (1964) and Swift and Heron (1967), tidal-flat deposits are represented below the unconformity by the laminated sands and carbonaceous clays at the base of Walkers Bluff (unit 1 of figs. 2-4), Donoho Creek Landing (unit 1 of fig.…”

Section: Paleoenvironmental Interpretationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a series of sedimentologic studies aimed at interpreting the environments of deposition of the Cretaceous formations of the Carolinas, these workers recognized three environments (or lithosomes) within the Black Creek Formation (an estuarine, a lagoonal, and a littoral lithesome; Swift and Heron, 1967) and three within the Peedee Formation (a proximal-shelf, a distal-shelf, and a shelf-mud lithesome; Swift and others, 1969). With regard to these lithosomes, Swift and Heron (1967) and Swift and others (1969) interpreted the sections between Walkers Bluff and Donoho Creek Landing as follows: 1.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Black Creek-Peedee formational contact (Upper Cretaceous) in the Cape Fear River region of North Carolina

Sohl¹,

Christopher²

1983

Professional Paper

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“…6 and 7), respectively. The Florence area stratigraphy was developed by Swift and Heron (1969) with the Black Creek, Middendorf, and part of the Cape Fear Formations corresponding directly to the respective aquifers.…”

Section: Previous Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground-water hydrology, historical water use, and simulated ground-water flow in Cretaceous-age Coastal Plain aquifers near Charleston and Florence, South Carolina

Campbell¹,

Heeswijk²

1996

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Tidal deposits in the cretaceous of the Carolina coastal plain

Cited by 22 publications

References 7 publications

Facies, environments and sedimentary cycles in the Middle Eocene, Bracklesham Formation of the Hampshire Basin: evidence for global sea‐level changes?

Facies, environments and sedimentary cycles in the Middle Eocene, Bracklesham Formation of the Hampshire Basin: evidence for global sea‐level changes?

The Black Creek-Peedee formational contact (Upper Cretaceous) in the Cape Fear River region of North Carolina

Ground-water hydrology, historical water use, and simulated ground-water flow in Cretaceous-age Coastal Plain aquifers near Charleston and Florence, South Carolina

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