Tics and Other Stereotyped Movements as Side Effects of Pharmacological Treatment

Madruga‐Garrido, Marcos; Mir, Pablo

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-411546-0.00016-0

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Most immediately relevant to our findings, the Hdc-null mouse model, based upon a family demonstrating a complex neuropsychiatric phenotype including complete penetrance for Tourette syndrome and partial penetrance for OCD, displayed elevated stereotypy in response to amphetamine challenge (42). In humans, dopamine agonists, including amphetamine and the dopamine precursor L-DOPA, are well-known triggers of repetitive behavior, from simple motor movements to frankly compulsive behavior in disorders linked to altered dopamine homeostasis (51)(52)(53)(54). Indirect evidence also suggests an interaction between the dopamine system and SLC1A1 in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OCD candidate gene SLC1A1 /EAAT3 impacts basal ganglia-mediated activity and stereotypic behavior

Zike

Chohan²,

Kopelman

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic, disabling condition with inadequate treatment options that leave most patients with substantial residual symptoms. Structural, neurochemical, and behavioral findings point to a significant role for basal ganglia circuits and for the glutamate system in OCD. Genetic linkage and association studies in OCD point to , which encodes the neuronal glutamate/aspartate/cysteine transporter excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAAT3)/excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAC1). However, no previous studies have investigated EAAT3 in basal ganglia circuits or in relation to OCD-related behavior. Here, we report a model of loss based on an excisable STOP cassette that yields successful ablation of EAAT3 expression and function. Using amphetamine as a probe, we found that EAAT3 loss prevents expected increases in () locomotor activity, () stereotypy, and () immediate early gene induction in the dorsal striatum following amphetamine administration. Further, -STOP mice showed diminished grooming in an SKF-38393 challenge experiment, a pharmacologic model of OCD-like grooming behavior. This reduced grooming is accompanied by reduced dopamine D receptor binding in the dorsal striatum of -STOP mice.-STOP mice also exhibit reduced extracellular dopamine concentrations in the dorsal striatum both at baseline and following amphetamine challenge. Viral-mediated restoration of /EAAT3 expression in the midbrain but not in the striatum results in partial rescue of amphetamine-induced locomotion and stereotypy in-STOP mice, consistent with an impact of EAAT3 loss on presynaptic dopaminergic function. Collectively, these findings indicate that the most consistently associated OCD candidate gene impacts basal ganglia-dependent repetitive behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OCD candidate gene SLC1A1 /EAAT3 impacts basal ganglia-mediated activity and stereotypic behavior

Zike

Chohan²,

Kopelman

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Tics and Tourette disorder 16,73 The tics of Tourette disorder are divided into motor and phonic types, with motor tics typically appearing as rapid movements of eyes, lips, shoulders, fingers, and other areas, and phonic tics typically involving coughs, grunts, whistles, and animal noises. Although tics can involve the lower extremities, they are much more common in the face and upper extremities.…”

Section: Psychomotor Agitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical challenges of akathisia

et al. 2015

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Akathisia is one of the most vexing problems in neuropsychiatry. Although it is one of the most common side effects of antipsychotic medications, it is often difficult to describe by patients, and is difficult to diagnose and treat by practitioners. Akathisia is usually grouped with extrapyramidal movement disorders (ie, movement disorders that originate outside the pyramidal or corticospinal tracts and generally involve the basal ganglia). Yet, it can present as a purely subjective clinical complaint, without overt movement abnormalities. It has been subtyped into acute, subacute, chronic, tardive, withdrawal-related, and "pseudo" forms, although the distinction between many of these is unclear. It is therefore not surprising that akathisia is generally either underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, which is a serious problem because it can lead to such adverse outcomes as poor adherence to medications, exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms, and, in some cases, aggression, violence, and suicide. In this article, we will attempt to address some of the confusion surrounding the condition, its relationship to other disorders, and differential diagnosis, as well as treatment alternatives.

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“…In reality, one reference cited describes a link between tics and carbamazepine and lamotrigine. 58 The only other AED in their report is phenytoin. Dyskinesias associated with phenytoin in the report were acute or associated with other signs of phenytoin toxicity, 59–63 a well‐known disorder unrelated to TD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Tardive Dyskinesia-like Syndrome Due to Drugs that do not Block Dopamine Receptors: Rare or Non-existent: Literature Review

D’Abreu

Friedman

2018

Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements

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Tics and Other Stereotyped Movements as Side Effects of Pharmacological Treatment

Cited by 30 publications

References 35 publications

OCD candidate gene SLC1A1 /EAAT3 impacts basal ganglia-mediated activity and stereotypic behavior

OCD candidate gene SLC1A1 /EAAT3 impacts basal ganglia-mediated activity and stereotypic behavior

The clinical challenges of akathisia

Tardive Dyskinesia-like Syndrome Due to Drugs that do not Block Dopamine Receptors: Rare or Non-existent: Literature Review

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