Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses

Teglas, Mike B.; Matern, Erin; Lein, Sarah M.; Foley, Patrick; Mahan, Suman M.; Foley, Janet E.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.04.033

Cited by 58 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Similar findings were reported previously by Potgieter et al (1992) who recorded that intrauterine infections may result in abortion and neonatal death and Teglas et al (2005) who found that diseases related to the tick-borne infections (chronic) can frequently result in abortion and decrease in weight gain. Often clinical signs of piroplasmosis are too general to allow specific diagnosis and may be confused with other diseases especially in endemic areas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Clinical, haematological and therapeutic studies on babesiosis in Arabian horses in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia

Osman

2016

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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This study was carried out in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia to determine the clinical, haematological and therapeutic impact of babesiosis caused by Babesia caballi in Arabian horses. The clinical signs in infected horses were pyrexia (40.5-41.5°C), depression, pale or icteric mucous membranes and emaciation. Haematological examination revealed significant decrease in erythrocyte, thrombocyte counts and haemoglobin concentration in infected horses compared with controls. Treatment with imidocarb dipropionate was 100% effective in eliminating the parasites from the blood and led to an improvement in the clinical state. In conclusion, babesiosis should be suspected in any horses showing signs of anaemia or jaundice and severe body weight loss in addition to the presence of ticks. Bloody urine which is a characteristic feature of babesiosis in other animals is not common in Arabian horses. Moreover, treatment using imidocarb dipropionate in conjunction with hematinics and fluid therapy should be applied for treatment of equine babesiosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Clinical, haematological and therapeutic studies on babesiosis in Arabian horses in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia

Osman

2016

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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“…In parasitized animals, the degree of infestation by each tick species was categorized according to Teglas et al (2005) as: none, mild (1-20 ticks per animal), moderate (21-50 ticks per animals) or severe (more than 50 ticks per animal). Adult ticks were collected and stored in isopropyl alcohol for identification using an appropriate dichotomous key (BARROS-BATTESTI et al, 2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated to Theileria equi in equids of two microregions from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Santos

Roier

Santos

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Serum samples from 714 equids of Itaguaí and Serrana microregions, Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, were examined by indirect fluorescent antibody test (titer 1:80) for Theileria equi. The prevalence in the microregions and factors associated with seropositivity were evaluated and the prevalence ratio (PR) calculated. The overall prevalence of T. equi infection was 81.09% (n = 579), with higher prevalence (p < 0.05) in the Itaguaí (85.43%) when compared to Serrana microregion (76.92%). The geographic area, altitude, farming condition and area of origin of equids were associated (p < 0.05) with seropositivity for T. equi. Equids reared in the Itaguaí microregion (PR = 1.11, p = 0.003) and at altitudes below 500 m (PR = 1.10; p = 0,014) were more likely to be seropositive for T. equi. Furthermore, when equids were born in the farm (PR = 1.10, p = 0.008) and reared with poor farming conditions (PR = 1.13, p = 0.018) they were more likely to be exposed to T. equi. The main ticks found on equids were Amblyomma cajennense and Dermacentor (Anocentor) nitens. The microregions studied are endemic areas for equine theileriosis and there exists enzootic stability for T. equi. Only factors related to the collection area of serum samples influenced the seropositivity of equids for T. equi in that region.Keywords: horses, equine theileriosis, IFAT, prevalence, epidemiology. ResumoAmostras de soro de 714 equídeos das microrregiões de Itaguaí e Serrana, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, foram submetidas ao teste de imunofluorescência indireta (título 1:80) para Theileria equi. A prevalência entre as microrregiões e os fatores associados à soropositividade foram avaliados e a razão de prevalência (RP) calculada. A prevalência geral para T. equi foi de 81,09% (n = 579), com maior prevalência (p < 0,05) para microrregião de Itaguaí (85,43%), quando comparado a Serrana (76,92%). A região, altitude, nível da propriedade e origem dos equídeos foram associados (p < 0,05) com a soropositividade para T. equi. Equídeos criados na microrregião de Itaguaí (RP = 1,11; p = 0,003) e em altitudes abaixo de 500 m (RP = 1.10; p = 0,014) apresentaram maior chance de se tornarem soropositivos para T. equi. Além disso, quando são criados em propriedades de nível ruim (RP = 1,13; p = 0,018) e nascidos na propriedade (RP = 1,10; p = 0,008) apresentaram mais chance de terem contato com T. equi. As principais espécies de carrapatos encontradas parasitando os equídeos foram Amblyomma cajennense e Dermacentor (Anocentor) nitens. As microrregiões estudadas são endêmicas para theileriose equina e de estabilidade enzoótica para T. equi. Apenas os fatores relacionados à área de coleta das amostras de soro influenciaram a soropositividade dos equídeos para T. equi naquela região.Palavras-chave: equinos, theileriose equina, RIFI, prevalência, epidemiologia.

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“…Por ejemplo, O'Nion et al (24) encontraron en caballos de Nicaragua, evidencia serológica de infección en 51 animales de 92 muestreados (55%) y lograron obtener en cuatro de estos animales serorreactivos, evidencia molecular de una especie potencialmente nueva de Ehrlichia (24). En Guatemala se ha reportado evidencia molecular de A. phagocytophilum del 13% de un total de 74 caballos analizados (25). Es posible que estos agentes pueden estar circulando en equinos de Colombia, sin embargo el diseño del estudio y el tamaño de la muestra pueden constituir factores limitantes para la detección de estos agentes rickettsiales en el presente estudio.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…For example, O'Nion et al (24) found serological evidence of infection in 51 out of 92 sampled animals (55%) in Nicaragua, and managed to obtain molecular evidence of a potentially new species of Ehrlichia in four of these seroreactive animals (24). In Guatemala, there has been molecular evidence of A. phagocytophilum reported on 13% of 74 analyzed horses (25). Probably, these agents may be circulating in equines in Colombia, but the study design and sample size may be constraints to detect such rickettsial agents in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identificación molecular de hemoparásitos transmitidos por garrapatas en equinos del Noroeste de Colombia

et al. 2017

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Objetive. To detect and identify Anaplasmataceae agents and piroplasms in equines from the slaughterhouse "La Rinconada" at Rionegro municipality in Antioquia. Materials and Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on equines selected by convenience during a period of 2015. Information about species, sex, age and origin of the animals. Whole blood was collected for DNA extraction procedure, and a PCR targeting a 360bp of Anaplasmataceae 16S ribosomal gene and 450bp of 18S ribosomal gene of Piroplasm were used for detection. PCR amplicons selected were submitted to direct sequencing for identification of hemoparasites through genetic analysis. Results. 135 equine samples from Antioquia, Cordoba y Sucre were analyzed. 78% were horses, 16% were donkeys and 6% were mules. Anaplasmataceae agents were not detected in any sample, meanwhile 13% were positive to piroplasm PCR. Sequence analysis reveals the circulation of Theileria equi (T. equi) in northwestern Colombia. Conclusion. This work presents the first molecular evidence of at least three genotypes of T. equi in equines of northwestern Colombia.Keywords: Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Theileria, Babesia, PCR, Phylogenetic (Mesh). RESUMENObjetivo. Detectar e identificar agentes de la familia Anaplasmataceae y piroplasmas en equinos colombianos que llegan a la planta de beneficio La Rinconada ubicada en el municipio de Rionegro, Antioquia. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal durante parte del 2015 a equinos seleccionados por conveniencia. Se recopiló información tal como especie, sexo, edad y localidad de procedencia. Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre para extracción de ADN, y se amplificó un fragmento de 360pb del gen 16S ribosomal de Anaplasmataceae y un fragmento de 450 pb del gen 18S ribosomal de piroplasmas para detección de hemoparásitos. Amplicones de PCR fueron sometidos a secuenciación para identificación de los hemoparásitos a través de análisis genético. Resultados. Se analizaron 135 equinos provenientes de los departamentos de Antioquia, Córdoba y Sucre. Un 78% eran caballos, un 16% eran asnos y un 6% eran mulas. El 100% de los animales fueron negativos para agentes de la familia Anaplasmataceae y un 13% fueron positivos para piroplasmas. Se identificó por secuenciación la circulación de Theileria equi (T. equi) en la zona norte de Colombia. Conclusión. Se presenta la primera evidencia molecular de al menos tres genotipos de T. equi infectando equinos del norte del país.

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Ticks and tick-borne disease in Guatemalan cattle and horses

Cited by 58 publications

References 35 publications

Clinical, haematological and therapeutic studies on babesiosis in Arabian horses in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia

Clinical, haematological and therapeutic studies on babesiosis in Arabian horses in the Qassim region, central of Saudi Arabia

Factors associated to Theileria equi in equids of two microregions from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Identificación molecular de hemoparásitos transmitidos por garrapatas en equinos del Noroeste de Colombia

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