Tick-Borne Zoonotic Diseases and Its Control

Abstract

The present review article explains different zoonotic diseases transmitted by various species of ticks. This article emphasizes various animal hosts, transmission and prevalence of various zoonotic diseases caused by a virus, bacteria, protozoans in different eco-climatic regions of the world. This article also explains various diagnostic methods applied for the detection of disease pathogens, treatment methods and prophylactic measures. It recommends tick saliva antigen-based oral vaccines and antibiotics as treatment methods. It also suggests use of various bait formulations and cultural control methods for deterring ticks from blood feeding. This article signifies the need of pesticides for control of ticks and tick-borne diseases.

Stimuli‐Responsive and Multifunctional Nanogels in Drug Delivery

“…One of the crucial factors that need to be taken into consideration while a molecule is incorporated into the nanogel system is that while the nano‐carrier that is administered into the body has to be minimal, it is quintessential that the drug loading capacity is higher. “payloads” of nearly 50 % by weight is a critical advantage of nanogels with respect to the conventional forms of dosage nanogels [43,44] . One of the several approaches that can be adopted for drug loading might commence during the synthesis of nanogels or immediately follows the synthesis by covalent conjugation of biological agents [45] .…”

“…"payloads" of nearly 50 % by weight is a critical advantage of nanogels with respect to the conventional forms of dosage nanogels. [43,44] One of the several approaches that can be adopted for drug loading might commence during the synthesis of nanogels or immediately follows the synthesis by covalent conjugation of biological agents. [45] The physical entrapment enables the hydrophilic vehicles to carry the hydrophobic component (dissolution), thereby acting as a link between both components in a polymer.…”