Tick-borne pathogens in the blood of wild and domestic ungulates in South Africa: Interplay of game and livestock

Berggoetz, M.; Schmid, M.; Ston, D.; Wyss, V.; Chevillon, Christine; Pretorius, Anne-Marié; Gern, Lise

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2013.10.007

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Of interest, is that RLB screening of Nyala, Eland and Kudu also did not detect T. velifera in areas endemic for A. hebraeum and A. variegatum (Oura et al 2011;Pfitzer et al 2011;Berggoetz et al 2014). This suggest that the preferential host of T. velifera A may be antelope and an antelope tick vector.…”

Section: The T Velifera Cladementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the diversity of the 18S SSU rRNA hyper-variable region of Theileria in cattle and Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) from southern Africa using a next generation sequencing approach

Mans

Pienaar

Ratabane

et al. 2016

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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Molecular classification and systematics of the Theileria is based on the analysis of the 18S rRNA gene. Reverse line blot or conventional sequencing approaches have disadvantages in the study of 18S rRNA diversity and a next-generation 454 sequencing approach was investigated. The 18S rRNA gene was amplified using RLB primers coupled to 96 unique sequence identifiers (MIDs). Theileria positive samples from African buffalo (672) and cattle (480) from southern Africa were combined in batches of 96 and sequenced using the GS Junior 454 sequencer to produce 825711 informative sequences. Sequences were extracted based on MIDs and analysed to identify Theileria genotypes. Genotypes observed in buffalo and cattle were confirmed in the current study, while no new genotypes were discovered.Genotypes showed specific geographic distributions, most probably linked with vector distributions. Host specificity of buffalo and cattle specific genotypes were confirmed and prevalence data as well as relative parasitemia trends indicate preference for different hosts.Mixed infections are common with African buffalo carrying more genotypes compared to cattle. Associative or incongruent co-infection profiles were observed between genotypes that may have implications for speciation and systematics: specifically that more Theileria species may exist in cattle and buffalo than currently recognized. Analysis of primers used for Theileria parva diagnostics indicate that no new genotypes will be amplified by the current primer sets confirming their specificity. Theileria parva SNP variants that occur in the 18S rRNA hypervariable region were confirmed. A next generation sequencing approach is useful in obtaining comprehensive knowledge regarding 18S rRNA diversity and prevalence for the Theileria, allowing for the assessment of systematics and diagnostic assays based on the 18S gene.Keywords: 18S SSU, Diversity, Next-generation sequencing, species, Theileria, Theileria parva 3 IntroductionThe Babesia and Theileria are part of the phylum Apicomplexa (Order Piroplasmorida) (Mans et al. 2015 A significant proportion of the systematic study of the Piroplasmorida comprise analysis of the 18S rRNA gene (Allsopp et al. 1994;Chae et al. 1999;Chansiri et al. 1999;Criado-Fornelio et al. 2004;Reichard et al. 2005;Criado et al. 2006;Altay et al. 2007;Bhoora et al. 2009). The reverse line blot (RLB) method (Gubbels et al. 1999), based on simultaneous detection of the 18S rRNA gene for various Babesia and Theileria species, has been extensively used for surveillance purposes (Georges et al. 2001; Almerìa et al. 2002;Oura et al. 2004;Nijhof et al. 2003Nijhof et al. , 2005Altay et al. 2007;M'ghirbi et al. 2008;Altay et al. 2008;Matjila et al. 2008;Oosthuizen et al. 2008; Almerìa et al. 2009;Salih et al. 2010;Yusufmia et al. 2010; Tomassone et al. 2012;Ceci et al. 2014;Githaka et al. 2014;Eygelaar et al. 2015;Njiiri et al. 2015). The method relies on the amplification of the V4 hypervariable region of the 18S rRNA gene, followed by hybridization t...

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Section: The T Velifera Cladementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the diversity of the 18S SSU rRNA hyper-variable region of Theileria in cattle and Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) from southern Africa using a next generation sequencing approach

Mans

Pienaar

Ratabane

et al. 2016

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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“…In South Africa, four piroplasm species were found in sheep, namely T. ovis , T. separata , Theileria bicornis and Theileria sp. (sable) [8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of piroplasms in small ruminants in North-West Tunisia and the first genetic characterisation ofBabesia ovisin Africa

et al. 2014

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In this study, the prevalence of piroplasms in sheep and goats was assessed with Giemsa-stained blood smear examination, PCR and nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to identify Babesia and Theileria species, respectively, in 338 small ruminants (172 sheep and 166 goats) from three sites in North-West Tunisia during the 2011 summer season. The overall infection prevalence of piroplasms in Giemsa-stained blood smears was 3.2% (11/338), with a parasitaemia ranging from 0.01 to 0.05%. PCR detected two species, namely Babesia ovis (in sheep and goats) and Theileria ovis (in sheep), with an overall prevalence of 16.3%. The molecular prevalence of B. ovis was significantly higher in sheep than in goats (17.4% and 9%, respectively, p = 0.034). The same trend was observed for T. ovis in sheep and goats (5.8% and 0%, respectively, p = 0.004). Comparison of the partial sequences of the 18S ssu rRNA gene revealed 100% similarity amongst Babesia from sheep and goats. The single Theileria sequence in this study showed 100% similarity to T. ovis. A high similarity with all the blasted genotypes was reported for Theileria and Babesia sequences. This is the first molecular detection of B. ovis and genetic characterisation of small ruminants’ piroplasms in Africa.

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“…the giraffe, African buffalo, eland, greater kudu, nyala (T. angasii), waterbuck, etc. (62,63,64,65,66,67). Anaplasma infections are readily maintained in cattle populations.…”

Section: Bovine Anaplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic range of vector-borne infections and their vectors: the role of African wildlife

Vuuren¹,

Penzhorn

2015

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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Tick-borne pathogens in the blood of wild and domestic ungulates in South Africa: Interplay of game and livestock

Cited by 45 publications

References 46 publications

Investigating the diversity of the 18S SSU rRNA hyper-variable region of Theileria in cattle and Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) from southern Africa using a next generation sequencing approach

Investigating the diversity of the 18S SSU rRNA hyper-variable region of Theileria in cattle and Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) from southern Africa using a next generation sequencing approach

Prevalence of piroplasms in small ruminants in North-West Tunisia and the first genetic characterisation ofBabesia ovisin Africa

Geographic range of vector-borne infections and their vectors: the role of African wildlife

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