Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) infection in pregnancy: Absence of virus transmission to the fetuses despite severe maternal disease – A case study

Divé, Iris; Veje, Malin; Dobler, Gerhard; Bergström, Tomas; Buxmann, Horst; Paul, Bettina; Louwen, Frank; Berger, Annemarie; Jahnke, Kolja; Strzelczyk, Adam; Studahl, Marie; Hentz, Elisabet; Nürnberger, Lucas

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101491

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Nonetheless, greater attention in pregnancy should be given to the possible symptoms of infection, which should be accompanied by a prompt investigation for Lyme Borrelia ( 7 ) and other infections transmitted by Ixodes ticks. Although in our case series we did not detect any other co-infecting bacteria or viruses, there are indeed scientific records reporting on Rickettsia ( 28 ), Babesia ( 29 , 30 ) and Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE) virus ( 31 , 32 ) in pregnant women. Co-infecting agents can be harmful per se to gestating women and fetuses.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

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Case Report: Lyme Borreliosis and Pregnancy - Our Experience

et al. 2022

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Lyme Borreliosis (LB) is an infection transmitted by Ixodes sp. ticks. Its early manifestation includes erythema migrans rash. Since the discovery of LB in 1975, the question arose as to whether this infection could be vertically transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy, as transplacental transmission has already been known for other spirochetoses, such as syphilis, relapsing fever and leptospirosis. The first confirmed case with positive Lyme serology was described in 1985 in a 28-year- old mother who had acquired Lyme in the first trimester and then developed an erythema migrans rash. Subsequently, transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sl. in humans from mother to fetus has been documented through identification of Borrelia spirochetes in fetal tissues/and or placenta by various methods including culture, PCR and indirect immunofluorescence. Adverse birth outcomes, which are limited in case of prompt LB treatment, included spontaneous miscarriage, preterm birth and hyperbilirubinemia, but also cardiac involvement and cutaneous angiomas have been documented although rarely. No significant associations were found between adverse outcomes at birth and the trimester of infection. Patients treated for gestational LB had a lower frequency of miscarriages and premature births, as also the frequency of congenital malformations was similar to that observed in the normal population. The recommended treatment for LB in pregnancy is Amoxicillin, 1 g 3 times a day for 14–21 days. In the present study, we report our case series, which includes 11 pregnant women, 6 of which developed erythema migrans during pregnancy (between week 8 and 34), 3 had myoarticular or neurological symptoms and 2 had positive serology, but did not develop any clinical symptoms. Our data stress on the importance of early antibiotic treatment also in seropositive gestating women without symptoms in order to avoid any possible complication to fetus and newborns.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…Data are quite different for the TBE virus transmitted by Ixodes ticks and affecting the central nervous system. There are very few reports of TBE in pregnancy and clinical as well as virological data suggest that fetal TBE infection did not occur, despite severe manifestations in pregnant women ( 31 , 32 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Lyme Borreliosis and Pregnancy - Our Experience

et al. 2022

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“…Six previous cases of TBEV infection occurring during pregnancy have been published ( 2 , 3 ). For this case, as well as for 2 previously reported cases, pregnancy proceeded normally despite severe maternal infection ( 4 ). However, for 2 cases reported in 1966 ( 3 ), premature birth and fetal or neonatal intracranial hemorrhage occurred after the mother was infected.…”

supporting

confidence: 71%

Tick-Borne Encephalitis in Pregnant Woman and Long-Term Sequelae

Velay¹,

Janssen-Langenstein²,

Kremer³

et al. 2023

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…PCR and IgM were negative for all the infants at birth and after 9 and 11 months. IgG was positive at birth, with a successive decrease over time, becoming negative after 11 and 15 months [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The added value of this report is 1. A significant contribution to number of cases reported in total, to our knowledge only four women and five infants have been described before [ [16] , [17] , [18] ]. 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%