Tick-borne encephalitis virus expansion to higher altitudes correlated with climate warming

Danielová, V.; Schwarzová, Lucie; Materna, Jan; Daniel, M.; Metelka, Ladislav; Holubová, J; Kříž, B

doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2008.02.005

Cited by 45 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The 4.9 m y -1 calculated with our LMEM 171 (Fig. 3) fits much better within the existing average range of 4.5 to 6.8 m y -1 in other fauna 6,11,12,[22][23][24][25] . This may 172 be an indication that the CTI values based on single models tend to overestimate shifting velocities.…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

Three-dimensional range shifts in biodiversity driven by recent global warming

Haase

Sundermann

et al. 2017

Preprint

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supporting

confidence: 82%

Three-dimensional range shifts in biodiversity driven by recent global warming

Haase

Sundermann

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…Climate alteration is a believable justification for changes in the distribution and severity of tick infestation at higher altitude (Coulson et al, 2009). In other words, environmental changes favour settlement of ticks at higher altitude where they had not colonized earlier (Danielova et al, 2008). Vegetation and forest make another microclimatic component of the area that have significant role in higher distribution of ticks as it provides covering layer for lodging of ticks (Gray, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and abundance of ticks infesting livestock population along Karakorum highway from Mansehra to Gilgit, Pakistan

Sajid

Iqbal

Shamim

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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Ticks and tick-borne infections pose major economic threats to the livestock industry throughout the world. The present study reports the point prevalence of ticks in the free range livestock population of the plain and hilly areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Mansehra, Haripur, Shangala, Kohistan), and Gilgit Baltistan (Diamer, Gilgit, Astor) along the Karakoram highway. Through convenient and snowball sampling techniques, a total of 813 animals, consisting of 232 sheep, 163 cattle, 365 goats and 53 buffaloes were screened for their tick burden. During the study, the two tick species identified were Hyalomma anatolicum and Rhipicephalus microplus. The overall prevalence of tick infestation among the screened livestock was 75.03%, with the highest distribution in sheep (81.47%) followed, in order, by cattle (77.91%), goats (72.05%) and buffalo (58.49%). The district-wise prevalence of ticks was the highest in Haripur (85.58), followed, in order, by Gilgit (83.10%), Mansehra (81.14%), Batagram (81.05%), Shangala (77.78%), Kohistan (75.38%), Diamer (72.28%) and Astor (32.22%). The prevalence of ticks was found to be higher (85.67%) in younger livestock than adults (66.44%), and in females (80.33%) than males (66.44%). The present study provides the first report of the tick distribution in higher altitudes of northern Pakistan and confirms the presence of Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus ticks in the plains, as well as the hilly geoclimates of Pakistan. Furthermore, the data on risk factors allows us to make recommendations to restructure the existing husbandry system of northern areas of Pakistan with the aim of reducing the tick burden on livestock.

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“…Daniel et al [47] suggest that the expansion of I. ricinus to higher altitudes was due to increased annual and seasonal temperatures and rainfall, and consequently an extended period to allow for tick development. Danielová et al [44,48] reported that in the Moravian highlands in the Czech Republic, temperatures during spring/summer had increased by an average of 2.8°C since the 1960s, creating conditions at altitude similar to that previously found at lower altitudes, thus possibly making them more suitable for sustaining I. ricinus populations. They suggest that increased temperatures during January and February will also influence tick host survival, providing ample small mammal hosts for immature stages.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Similarly in Krkonose, in the 1950s and 1980s the threshold remained at 700–750 m.a.s.l. Despite the absence of any notable change in land use over 50 year period [44], the altitudinal limit increased to 1180 m.a.s.l by 2002 and 1250 m.a.s.l by 2006 [30,45]. In Slovakia, a similar change is also evident with an increase from 800 m.a.s.l to ~1200 m.a.s.l [46].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving forces for changes in geographical distribution of Ixodes ricinus ticks in Europe

Medlock¹,

Hansford²,

Bormane³

et al. 2013

Parasites Vectors

832

815

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Many factors are involved in determining the latitudinal and altitudinal spread of the important tick vector Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in Europe, as well as in changes in the distribution within its prior endemic zones. This paper builds on published literature and unpublished expert opinion from the VBORNET network with the aim of reviewing the evidence for these changes in Europe and discusses the many climatic, ecological, landscape and anthropogenic drivers. These can be divided into those directly related to climatic change, contributing to an expansion in the tick’s geographic range at extremes of altitude in central Europe, and at extremes of latitude in Scandinavia; those related to changes in the distribution of tick hosts, particularly roe deer and other cervids; other ecological changes such as habitat connectivity and changes in land management; and finally, anthropogenically induced changes. These factors are strongly interlinked and often not well quantified. Although a change in climate plays an important role in certain geographic regions, for much of Europe it is non-climatic factors that are becoming increasingly important. How we manage habitats on a landscape scale, and the changes in the distribution and abundance of tick hosts are important considerations during our assessment and management of the public health risks associated with ticks and tick-borne disease issues in 21st century Europe. Better understanding and mapping of the spread of I. ricinus (and changes in its abundance) is, however, essential to assess the risk of the spread of infections transmitted by this vector species. Enhanced tick surveillance with harmonized approaches for comparison of data enabling the follow-up of trends at EU level will improve the messages on risk related to tick-borne diseases to policy makers, other stake holders and to the general public.

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Tick-borne encephalitis virus expansion to higher altitudes correlated with climate warming

Cited by 45 publications

References 6 publications

Three-dimensional range shifts in biodiversity driven by recent global warming

Three-dimensional range shifts in biodiversity driven by recent global warming

Distribution and abundance of ticks infesting livestock population along Karakorum highway from Mansehra to Gilgit, Pakistan

Driving forces for changes in geographical distribution of Ixodes ricinus ticks in Europe

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