Thyroxine concentration in maternal and foetal plasma during pregnancy in Australian feral goats

McDonald, BJ; Stocks, D. C.; Connell, J. A.; Hoey, W. A.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600079648

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…These last authors showed lower circulating THs concentrations at the start of lactation, with an increase during lactation and, subsequently, a decrease during the dry period. On the other hand, the trend of T 3 and T 4 described in Nicastrese goats do not confirm previous data observed in nonpregnant, pregnant, and postpartum phases in sheep [ 10 ] and goats [ 9 , 37 , 39 ], with increased thyroid activity and circulating THs concentrations during pregnancy and postpartum phases.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…The results obtained from the goats included in the present study for TSH, T 3 , fT 3 , T 4 , and fT 4 concentrations were in accordance with published physiological ranges reported in adult nonpregnant goats for T 3 (0.59–1.35 ng/mL) and T 4 (6.10–8.15 µg/dL) [ 37 ]; in pregnant and postpartum goats for T 3 (17.11 ± 5.01 nmol/L), T 4 (11.25 ± 1.33 ng/mL) [ 38 ], fT 3 (1.02–1.29 pg/mL), and fT 4 (0.51–1.71 ng/dL and 31.5–32.7 pmol/L) [ 39 , 40 ]; and in nonpregnant, pregnant, and postpartum sheep for TSH values (0.50 ± 0.05 µg/mL, 0.70 ± 0.014 µg/mL, and 0.24 ± 0.10 µg/mL) [ 10 ]; nevertheless, some variation might be due to differences in the techniques used [ 41 ]. Data obtained excluded the possible influence of circadian thyroid rhythms because the blood sampling was always performed at the same time for all the goats in nonpregnant, pregnant, and postpartum phases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid and Lipidic Profiles in Nicastrese Goats (Capra hircus) during Pregnancy and Postpartum Period

Liotta

Bionda

Quartuccio

et al. 2021

Animals

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This study aimed to determine the thyroid and lipid profiles in 30 Nicastrese goats, along different physiological periods: before mating (nonpregnant goats), during the whole pregnancy (pregnant goats), and during postpartum and early lactation (milking goats). Blood samples were collected monthly from March 2020 to January 2021. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total and free triiodothyronine (T3, fT3), and thyroxine (T4, fT4) concentrations were measured using immunoenzymatic assay kits and serum lipid panels (triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (tCho)) by enzymatic colorimetric method; very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL Cho) was calculated. Pregnant and milking goats showed the lower T3 (p < 0.0002) and T4 (p < 0.0005) concentrations, with lower BCS (p < 0.001) only in pregnant ones. Milking goats showed tCho (p < 0.006) concentrations lower than nonpregnant ones, and TG and VLDL Cho (p < 0.001) lower than both pregnant and nonpregnant goats. T4:T3 and T3:fT3 were significantly and positively correlated in both pregnancy and lactation. Under similar environmental, nutrition, and management conditions, different physiological phases play a significant role in the thyroid and lipid profiles in Nicastrese goats. These endocrine and metabolic resources could contribute to the knowledge useful for the salvage of this endangered, local, native breed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid and Lipidic Profiles in Nicastrese Goats (Capra hircus) during Pregnancy and Postpartum Period

Liotta

Bionda

Quartuccio

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…The current observations are in agreements with previous studies in ewes [28][29][30]. Similar studies indicated a decrease in the maternal serum T 4 concentration during late pregnancy in goats [26,31] and crossbreed dairy cows [32]. However, earlier studies did not show significant change in thyroid activity in ewes during different stages of pregnancy [33,34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Serum T 4 concentration increased numerically in early and mid-stages of pregnancy, then the value of T 4 decreased significantly during the late pregnancy in both ecotypes. This decrease is probably due to the growth fetus which plays a competitive role higher thyroid activity, iodine affinity and uptake than maternal ones [26]. Furthermore, the decrease in serum T 4 may be attributed to an increase in T 4 deionization by deiodinase type 2 in the placenta, which plays a critical role in the delivery of T 4 to the fetus [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Pregnancy Stages on Thyroid Status and Blood Metabolites in Desert Ewes Raised under Range Conditions in West Kordufan State, Sudan

Abderhman

Abdelatif

Elmgboul

et al. 2021

AJOB

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This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the stages of pregnancy in two ecotypes of sheep, located in different grazing areas on thyroid status and certain blood metabolites. Eighty clinically healthy ewes (40 Hamari and 40 Kabashi ecotype) aged 2-5 years were used in the study. For each ecotype, the ewes were divided into four groups according to the reproductive status. Group (A): 10 ewes non-pregnant non-lactating (dry) served as the control. Group (B): 10 ewes in the early stage of pregnancy (first trimester). Group (C): 10 ewes in mid-stage of pregnancy (second trimester). Group (D): 10 ewes in the late stage of pregnancy (third trimester). Blood samples were used to measure serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), plasma glucose concentration and serum triglyceride levels. The study detected that Hamari ecotype was supplied with salt and minerals block during watering by its owners. The results showed that in both ecotypes, the serum TSH levels were significantly (P<0.05) higher during the early stage of pregnancy then, it decreased significantly (P<0.01) as the pregnancy advanced. While serum T4 levels were higher during the early stage of pregnancy, then it decreased significantly (P<0.01) during the late pregnancy in both ecotypes. Serum T3 level was significantly (P<0.001) higher in both ecotypes during early and mid-pregnancy, then declined to the lowest value during the late stage. The plasma glucose level was significantly (P<0.001) lower during mid and late pregnancy in both ecotypes. There was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in serum triglyceride level when pregnancy advanced in both ecotypes. Kabashi ecotype showed significantly higher serum triglyceride levels in the control group (P<0.001) during early pregnancy stage (P<0.01) and mid pregnancy stage (P<0.05) compared to the values of serum triglyceride levels in Hamari ecotypes. This study indicated that pregnancy altered thyroid status in both ecotypes, however, the influence of pregnancy on the thyroid status was less in the Hamary ecotype which supplemented by mineral and salt blocks. Therefore, supplementation with minerals during pregnancy might enhance the metabolic profile on the natural pasture grazing.

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“…Several mechanisms have been claimed to explain these observations: increased binding protein concentrations in plasma, secretion of thyrotropic factors by the placenta, enhanced responsiveness of pituitary TSH secretion to hypothalamic TRH and changes in maternal TH catabolism (De Leo et al, 1998; Glinoer, 2001). Towards the end of pregnancy, the goat foetus(es) should play a competitive role (higher thyroid activity, iodine affinity and uptake than maternal ones), so that a decrease in maternal plasma fT4 concentrations has been observed (McDonald et al, 1988). Plasma T3 and T4 levels in goats at mid-pregnancy rised compared with the low levels observed just before oestrus and mating.…”

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confidence: 99%

Thyroid hormones in small ruminants: effects of endogenous, environmental and nutritional factors

Todini

2007

Animal

193

142

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Appropriate thyroid gland function and thyroid hormone activity are considered crucial to sustain the productive performance in domestic animals (growth, milk or hair fibre production). Changes of blood thyroid hormone concentrations are an indirect measure of the changes in thyroid gland activity and circulating thyroid hormones can be considered as indicators of the metabolic and nutritional status of the animals. Thyroid hormones play a pivotal role in the mechanisms permitting the animals to live and breed in the surrounding environment. Variations in hormone bioactivity allow the animals to adapt their metabolic balance to different environmental conditions, changes in nutrient requirements and availability, and to homeorhetic changes during different physiological stages. This is particularly important in the free-ranging and grazing animals, such as traditionally reared small ruminants, whose main physiological functions (feed intake, reproduction, hair growth) are markedly seasonal. Many investigations dealt with the involvement of thyroid hormones in the expression of endogenous seasonal rhythms, such as reproduction and hair growth cycles in fibre-producing (wool, mohair, cashmere) sheep and goats. Important knowledge about the pattern of thyroid hormone metabolism and their role in ontogenetic development has been obtained from studies in the ovine foetus and in the newborn. Many endogenous (breed, age, gender, physiological state) and environmental factors (climate, season, with a primary role of nutrition) are able to affect thyroid activity and hormone concentrations in blood, acting at the level of hypothalamus, pituitary and/or thyroid gland, as well as on peripheral monodeiodination. Knowledge on such topics mirror physiological changes and possibly allows the monitoring and manipulation of thyroid physiology, in order to improve animal health, welfare and production.Keywords: goats, nutrition, seasons, sheep, thyroid hormones IntroductionAppropriate thyroid gland function and activity of thyroid hormones (TH) are considered crucial to sustain the productive performance in domestic animals (growth, milk, hair fibre production) and circulating TH can be considered as indicators of the metabolic and nutritional status of the animals (Riis and Madsen, 1985;Todini et al., 2007). Changes of blood TH concentrations are an indirect measure of the changes in thyroid gland activity. Many papers report marked seasonal variation in thyroid activity and in blood TH concentration. These hormone variations are particularly important in the free-ranging and grazing animals, whose main physiological functions (feed intake, reproduction, hair growth) are markedly seasonal. This is the case of small ruminants traditionally reared. Such variations in hormone concentration, in fact, allow the animals to adapt their metabolic balance to different environmental conditions, variations in nutrient requirements and availability, and to homeoretic changes during different physiological stages.The present paper aims to re...

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Thyroxine concentration in maternal and foetal plasma during pregnancy in Australian feral goats

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Thyroid and Lipidic Profiles in Nicastrese Goats (Capra hircus) during Pregnancy and Postpartum Period

Thyroid and Lipidic Profiles in Nicastrese Goats (Capra hircus) during Pregnancy and Postpartum Period

Influence of Pregnancy Stages on Thyroid Status and Blood Metabolites in Desert Ewes Raised under Range Conditions in West Kordufan State, Sudan

Thyroid hormones in small ruminants: effects of endogenous, environmental and nutritional factors

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