Thyrotropin Receptor and Membrane Interactions in FRTL-5 Thyroid Cell Strain in Microgravity

Albi, Elisabetta; Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio; Peverini, Manola; Damaskopoulou, Eleni; Fontanini, Elisabetta; Lazzarini, Remo; Curcio, Francesco; Perrella, Giuseppina

doi:10.1089/ast.2010.0519

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In such circumstance, our in vitro system had allowed us to demonstrate the presence of the TSHR and the increase of CHO in the culture medium. In hypogravity the cAMP production after TSH stimulation was inhibited with respect to control samples [11]. Here instead we observed similar results in hypergravity and in control samples.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

A Firmer Understanding of the Effect of Hypergravity on Thyroid Tissue: Cholesterol and Thyrotropin Receptor

et al. 2014

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Maintaining a good health requires the maintenance of a body homeostasis which largely depends on correct functioning of thyroid gland. The cells of the thyroid tissue are strongly sensitive to hypogravity, as already proven in mice after returning to the earth from long-term space missions. Here we studied whether hypergravity may be used to counteract the physiological deconditioning of long-duration spaceflight. We investigated the influence of hypergravity on key lipids and proteins involved in thyroid tissue function. We quantified cholesterol (CHO) and different species of sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide, analysed thyrotropin (TSH) related molecules such as thyrotropin-receptor (TSHR), cAMP, Caveolin-1 and molecule signalling such as Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). The hypergravity treatment resulted in the upregulation of the TSHR and Caveolin-1 and downregulation of STAT3 without changes of cAMP. TSHR lost its specific localization and spread throughout the cell membrane; TSH treatment facilitated the shedding of α subunit of TSHR and its releasing into the extracellular space. No specific variations were observed for each species of SM and ceramide. Importantly, the level of CHO was strongly reduced. In conclusion, hypergravity conditions induce change in CHO and TSHR of thyroid gland. The possibility that lipid rafts are strongly perturbed by hypergravity-induced CHO depletion by influencing TSH-TSHR interaction was discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

A Firmer Understanding of the Effect of Hypergravity on Thyroid Tissue: Cholesterol and Thyrotropin Receptor

et al. 2014

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“…During the TEXUS-44 mission (launched on 7 February 2008 from Kiruna, in Northern Sweden), FRTL-5 cells were treated with TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone) at the onset of microgravity and were fixed after 6 min and 19 s, just at the end of the microgravity period [18]. The study has clearly shown that FRTL-5 cells undergo relevant changes in real microgravity conditions: they aggregate, chromatin condensates, and TSH receptors are shed in the culture medium.…”

Section: How Gravity Influences Thyroid Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Gravity on Thyroid Cells

Albi

Krüger

Hemmersbach

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Physical and mental health requires a correct functioning of the thyroid gland, which controls cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, nervous, and immune systems, and affects behavior and cognitive functions. Microgravity, as occurs during space missions, induces morphological and functional changes within the thyroid gland. Here, we review relevant experiments exposing cell cultures (normal and cancer thyroid cells) to simulated and real microgravity, as well as wild-type and transgenic mice to hypergravity and spaceflight conditions. Well-known mechanisms of damage are presented and new ones, such as changes of gene expression for extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton proteins, thyrocyte phenotype, sensitivity of thyrocytes to thyrotropin due to thyrotropin receptor modification, parafollicular cells and calcitonin production, sphingomyelin metabolism, and the expression and movement of cancer molecules from thyrocytes to colloids are highlighted. The identification of new mechanisms of thyroid injury is essential for the development of countermeasures, both on the ground and in space, against thyroid cancer. We also address the question whether normal and cancer cells show a different sensitivity concerning changes of environmental conditions.

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“…[19][20][21] Therefore, devices that generate simulated microgravity (s-mg) conditions are most often used for tissue engineering.…”

Section: Devices To Generate Simulated Microgravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing Tissues in Real and Simulated Microgravity: New Methods for Tissue Engineering

Grimm

Wehland

Pietsch

et al. 2014

Tissue Engineering Part B: Reviews

121

137

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Tissue engineering in simulated (s-) and real microgravity (r-mg) is currently a topic in Space medicine contributing to biomedical sciences and their applications on Earth. The principal aim of this review is to highlight the advances and accomplishments in the field of tissue engineering that could be achieved by culturing cells in Space or by devices created to simulate microgravity on Earth. Understanding the biology of three-dimensional (3D) multicellular structures is very important for a more complete appreciation of in vivo tissue function and advancing in vitro tissue engineering efforts. Various cells exposed to r-mg in Space or to s-mg created by a random positioning machine, a 2D-clinostat, or a rotating wall vessel bioreactor grew in the form of 3D tissues. Hence, these methods represent a new strategy for tissue engineering of a variety of tissues, such as regenerated cartilage, artificial vessel constructs, and other organ tissues as well as multicellular cancer spheroids. These aggregates are used to study molecular mechanisms involved in angiogenesis, cancer development, and biology and for pharmacological testing of, for example, chemotherapeutic drugs or inhibitors of neoangiogenesis. Moreover, they are useful for studying multicellular responses in toxicology and radiation biology, or for performing coculture experiments. The future will show whether these tissue-engineered constructs can be used for medical transplantations. Unveiling the mechanisms of microgravity-dependent molecular and cellular changes is an up-to-date requirement for improving Space medicine and developing new treatment strategies that can be translated to in vivo models while reducing the use of laboratory animals.

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Thyrotropin Receptor and Membrane Interactions in FRTL-5 Thyroid Cell Strain in Microgravity

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

A Firmer Understanding of the Effect of Hypergravity on Thyroid Tissue: Cholesterol and Thyrotropin Receptor

A Firmer Understanding of the Effect of Hypergravity on Thyroid Tissue: Cholesterol and Thyrotropin Receptor

Impact of Gravity on Thyroid Cells

Growing Tissues in Real and Simulated Microgravity: New Methods for Tissue Engineering

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