Thyroid Metastases from Renal Cell Carcinoma: Review of the Literature

Abstract

The thyroid gland is a rare site of clinically detectable tumor metastasis and kidneys are frequently the site of the parent malignancy. In the present review on thyroid metastases from renal cell carcinoma, cases were searched on PubMed by entering the strings: “renal carcinoma [or“hypernephroma”] AND thyroid metastasis/metastases”. Thus, we retrieved a total of 111 cases that were published between 1964 and 2007, a total that became 113 by adding two patients observed by us. The female to male ratio was 1.35:1. The primary renal cancer was almost always unilateral (90%) (with no significant side preference) and only rarely bilateral (9% in men, 4% in women), whereas bilaterality of thyroid metastases was relatively more frequent (28%). Thyroid metastasis from renal cancer was commonly single with a unique node that appears solid and hypoechoic at ultrasonography, approximately 9 years after nephrectomy. Concordance of lateralization was insignificantly greater for the right kidney/right thyroid lobe pattern (54%) than for the left kidney/left thyroid lobe pattern (40%), regardless of gender. Finally, survival was longer for women. Thyroid metastases, even if rare in the clinical practice, must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a thyroid nodule, particularly in patients who have a history of malignancies.

Secondary or Second Primary Malignancy in the Thyroid? Metastatic Tumors Suggested Clinically: A Differential Diagnostic Task

“…Meta-analyses are available for the most frequent primary malignancies [32,33]. Our study does not differ from the known statistics in terms of the most frequent primary malignancies involved.…”

“…The pseudotumorous nature of a repair nodule can be difficult to ascertain without additional techniques, even histopathologically [33,34,35,36,37,38]. In thyroid FNA diagnoses, false negatives are mentioned more frequently than false positives.…”

„Diagnostischer“ Interskalenusblock

“…Nach Tumorresektion wird das mittlere Über-leben auf 65 Monate geschätzt. Dies ist stark von extrathyreoidalem Wachstum und/oder einer Beteiligung des N. laryngeus recurrens abhängig [10]. …”

Synchronized occurrence of oncocytic variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis: case report

“…According to literature, metastasis into thyroid was identified in 1.4-3% of all surgery specimens due to thyroid malignancy, this ratio amounts for 1.9-24% in autopsy series [2]. Generally, origin of metastasis to thyroid include kidneys, lungs, uterus and skin (melanoma) while the most frequent origins of metastasis in autopsy series are breast, lungs and skin (melanoma) [3][4][5]. Synchronization with the neoplasms of the thyroid and the metastasis of another tissue tumor into thyroid are very rare.…”