Thyroid Mass Resection

Abstract

Pediatric thyroid nodules are fairly uncommon. However, thyroid nodules that do exist in the pediatric population are more likely to be of a malignant nature compared to the adult population. Malignancy occurs anywhere from 16% to as high as 26% in pediatrics compared to 5% in the adult population. The thyroid mass poses several concepts to consider. Depending on the size of the mass, potential for discomfort, and respiratory compromise, the anesthesiologist must be able to identify patients who are at risk for cardiopulmonary complications and formulate an acceptable anesthetic plan. This chapter reviews the overall causes, studies, symptoms, and treatment of the pediatric patient with a thyroid mass.