Thyroid hormones and their correlations with serum glucose, beta hydroxybutyrate, nonesterified fatty acids, cholesterol, and lipoproteins of high-yielding dairy cows at different stages of lactation cycle

Mohebbi‐Fani, Mehdi; Nazifi, Saeed; Rowghani, E.; Bahrami, Somayeh; Jamshidi, Omid

doi:10.1007/s00580-008-0782-7

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…In our study also the positive correlations between yield traits with cholesterol content in blood serum were estimated. Mohebbi-Fani et al (2009) also found the positive correlations between cholesterol with uncorrected or corrected milk yield during several periods of lactation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Relationship between milk yield, stage of lactation, and some blood serum metabolic parameters of dairy cows

Jóźwik¹,

Strzałkowska²,

Bagnicka³

et al. 2012

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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The increase of milk production observed in dairy cows after calving is usually related to insufficient feed intake, which leads to negative energy balance (Drackley, 1999a, b). The energy demand of high-yielding cows in the peak of lactation exceeds the amounts of net energy from diet. This is a result of a decreased appetite after parturition and an increase in metabolic processes, which in consequences requires large amounts of substrates for milk constituents synthesis. A lack of sufficient nutritional components in the feed results in the use of body reserves, because in order to decrease the energetic deficiency, surplus fat is mobilized and undergoes lipolytic processes. Fat hydrolysis causes increased fatty acids metabolism in the liver, resulting in adipose tissue degeneration (Mulligan et al., 2006). Intensified lipolysis leads to metabolic disorders like hyperketonemia, hypoglycemia, and hyperbilirubinemia (Ingvarsten et al., 2003;Mulligan et al., 2006). These metabolic disorders negatively affect the yield, chemical composition, and technological parameters of milk (Rzewuska et al., 2011) and fertility traits as well (Roxtrom et al., 2000). Under conditions of energy deficiency also rumen functional disorders can be noticed. The function of the digestive tract organs determines the metabolic balance of the whole organism of a high yielding cow (Ingvarsten et al., 2003; Relationship between milk yield, stage of lactation, and some blood serum metabolic parameters of dairy cowsA. Jóźwik, N. Strzałkowska, E. Bagnicka, W. Grzybek, J. Krzyżewski, E. Poławska, A. Kołataj, J.O. HorbańczukInstitute of Genetics and Animal Breeding PAS in Jastrzębiec, Wólka Kosowska near Warsaw, Poland ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of milk yield and stage of lactation on the activity of liver enzymes, cholesterol, and vitamin C concentration in blood of milking cows. The experiment was carried out on Polish Holstein-Friesian Black and White dairy cows with two different milk yield levels: M -medium (about 7000 kg per lactation) and H -high (about 10 000 kg per lactation). In blood serum, AST, ALT, GGT, CHOL, and vitamin C were estimated. The AST and ALT activities in the blood serum were lower in M group than in H group, however within M and H groups there were no differences in both aminotransferases activity between the 60 th and the 200 th day of lactation. Differences in GGT activity (P ≤ 0.01), CHOL (P ≤ 0.05), and vitamin C level (P ≤ 0.01) in blood serum were found between both stages of lactation. Negative correlations between vitamin C level with somatic cell count and milk yield traits were observed, that may indicate an increase in oxidative processes in high-yielding dairy cows. The achieved results may be used in diagnostics and/or evaluation of herds from the point of view of biochemical and pathophysiological processes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Relationship between milk yield, stage of lactation, and some blood serum metabolic parameters of dairy cows

Jóźwik¹,

Strzałkowska²,

Bagnicka³

et al. 2012

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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“…It has been shown that thyroid hormones (thyroxine: T 4 and 3,30,5-tri-iodothyronine: T 3 ) are involved in the adaptation of energy metabolism in dairy cows (Reist et al, 2003;Mohebbi-Fani et al, 2009) and sheep (Eryavuz et al, 2007;Novoselec et al, 2009 (1995) and Flores et al (2008) showed that anestrous beef cows with the lowest BCS had lower serum T 4 concentrations in the postpartum period. In addition, these anestrous cows were observed to have a smaller dominant follicle (Flores et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that thyroid hormones (thyroxine: T 4 and 3,30,5-tri-iodothyronine: T 3 ) are involved in the adaptation of energy metabolism in dairy cows (Reist et al, 2003;Mohebbi-Fani et al, 2009) and sheep (Eryavuz et al, 2007;Novoselec et al, 2009). T 4 is converted to metabolically active T 3 in the thyroid gland and other tissues by 5 0 -deiodinase -E-mail: kafi@shirazu.ac.ir (Moreno et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nutritional status of cattle is communicated within the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis via metabolic hormones or blood metabolites or both (Butler, 2000). Previous studies have focused on the association between negative energy balance (NEB) postpartum and delayed onset of ovarian cyclicity, and hence poor fertility (Lucy, 2003;Patton et al, 2007;Wathes et al, 2007).It has been shown that thyroid hormones (thyroxine: T 4 and 3,30,5-tri-iodothyronine: T 3 ) are involved in the adaptation of energy metabolism in dairy cows (Reist et al, 2003;Mohebbi-Fani et al, 2009) and sheep (Eryavuz et al, 2007;Novoselec et al, 2009 (1995) and Flores et al (2008) showed that anestrous beef cows with the lowest BCS had lower serum T 4 concentrations in the postpartum period. In addition, these anestrous cows were observed to have a smaller dominant follicle (Flores et al, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Predisposing factors such as greater NEB, uterine infections, heat stress, nutrition and genetic background have been suggested to result in the occurrence of abnormal patterns of luteal activity in postpartum cows (McCoya et al, 2006;Weigel, 2006;Mirzaei et al, 2007). There is a well-known correlation between blood thyroid hormone concentrations and the energy balance of dairy cows (Capuco et al, 2001;Huszenicza et al, 2002;Mohebbi-Fani et al, 2009); however, the actual levels of T 3 , T 4 and the biologically active protein-unbound T 3 (free T 3 , fT 3 ) and T 4 (free T 4 , fT 4 ) levels remain unknown in postpartum highproducing dairy cows with different patterns of luteal activity.The goals of this study were to characterize the relationships of thyroid hormones, serum energy metabolites, reproductive parameters, milk yield and BCS with the different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in the postpartum period of clinically healthy high-producing dairy cows. …”

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confidence: 99%

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Relationships between thyroid hormones and serum energy metabolites with different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in high-producing dairy cows

Kafi

Tamadon

Saeb

et al. 2012

Animal

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This study investigated the relationships of thyroid hormones, serum energy metabolites, reproductive parameters, milk yield and body condition score with the different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in the postpartum period. A total of 75 multiparous healthy (free of detectable reproductive disorders) Holstein dairy cows (mean peak milk yield 5 56.5 6 7.0 kg/day) were used in this study. Transrectal ultrasound scanning and blood sample collection were performed twice weekly. Serum concentrations of progesterone (P 4 ) were measured twice weekly and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), non-esterified fatty acids, thyroxine (T 4 ), 3,30,5-tri-iodothyronine (T 3 ), free thyroxine (fT 4 ) and free 3,30,5-tri-iodothyronine (fT 3 ) were measured every 2 weeks from the 1st to the 8th week postpartum. On the basis of the serum P 4 profile of the cows, 25 (33.4%) had normal luteal activity (NLA), whereas 30 (40%), 10 (13.3%), 6 (8%) and 4 (5.3%) had prolonged luteal phase (PLP), delayed first ovulation (DOV), anovulation (AOV) and short luteal phase, respectively. Serum T 4 concentrations in PLP cows were higher than that in NLA cows at the 3rd week postpartum and did not change during the period of study, whereas in the NLA cows the concentrations increased (P , 0.05). Further, the least square (LS) mean of serum fT 4 concentrations in the DOV and AOV cows were significantly lower than in the NLA cows during the study period (P , 0.05). In addition, the AOV cows had higher LS mean serum BHBA and T 4 concentrations than the NLA cows in early weeks postpartum (P , 0.05). In conclusion, the serum thyroid hormones' profile differs in high-producing dairy cows showing PLP, AOV and DOV in comparison with the postpartum NLA cows.Keywords: thyroid hormone, energy metabolite, luteal activity, high-producing dairy cow ImplicationsThis study investigated the relationships of thyroid hormones, serum energy metabolites, reproductive parameters, milk yield and body condition score with the different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in the postpartum period. The serum thyroid hormones' profile differs in high-producing dairy cows showing prolonged luteal phase, anovulation and delayed first ovulation in comparison with the cows with normal postpartum luteal activity. IntroductionHigh-yielding dairy cows have been selected to produce more milk, in large part through their ability to mobilize fat and muscle to support milk production in early lactation. This results in a loss of body condition score (BCS) and is associated with alterations in blood metabolites and hormone profiles, which in turn influence fertility (Pryce et al., 2001;Wathes et al., 2007). The nutritional status of cattle is communicated within the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis via metabolic hormones or blood metabolites or both (Butler, 2000). Previous studies have focused on the association between negative energy balance (NEB) postpartum and delayed onset of ovarian cyclicity, and hence poor fertility (Lucy, 2003;Patton et al., 2007;Wathes et al., 2007)....

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Adaptive capability as indicated by endocrine and biochemical responses of Malpura ewes subjected to combined stresses (thermal and nutritional) in a semi-arid tropical environment

2010

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A study was conducted to assess the effect of combined stresses (thermal and nutritional) on endocrine and biochemical responses in Malpura ewes. Twenty eight adult Malpura ewes (average body weight 33.56 kg) were used in the present study. The ewes were divided into four groups viz., GI (n = 7; control), GII (n = 7; thermal stress), GIII (n = 7; nutritional stress) and GIV (n = 7; combined stress). The animals were stall fed with a diet consisting of 60% roughage and 40% concentrate. GI and GII ewes were provided with ad libitum feeding while GIII and GIV ewes were provided with restricted feed (30% intake of GI ewes) to induce nutritional stress. GII and GIV ewes were kept in climatic chamber at 40°C and 55% RH for 6 h a day between 1000 hours and 1600 hours to induce thermal stress. The study was conducted for a period of two estrus cycles. The parameters studied were Hb, PCV, glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, ACP, ALP, cortisol, T(4), T(3), and insulin. Combined stress significantly (P < 0.05) affected all parameters studied. Furthermore, the results revealed that, compared to thermal stress, nutritional stress had a less significant effect on the parameters studied. However, when both these stresses were coupled, they had a severe impact on all the parameters studied in these ewes. It can be concluded from this study that two stressors occurring simultaneously may impact severely on the biological functions necessary to maintain homeostasis in sheep.

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Thyroid hormones and their correlations with serum glucose, beta hydroxybutyrate, nonesterified fatty acids, cholesterol, and lipoproteins of high-yielding dairy cows at different stages of lactation cycle

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Relationship between milk yield, stage of lactation, and some blood serum metabolic parameters of dairy cows

Relationship between milk yield, stage of lactation, and some blood serum metabolic parameters of dairy cows

Relationships between thyroid hormones and serum energy metabolites with different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in high-producing dairy cows

Adaptive capability as indicated by endocrine and biochemical responses of Malpura ewes subjected to combined stresses (thermal and nutritional) in a semi-arid tropical environment

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