Thyroid Hormones

Turakulov, Ya. Kh.; Gagel’gans, A. I.; Salakhova, N. S.; Mirakhmedov, A. K.; Gol’ber, L. M.; Kandror, V. I.; Gaidina, G. A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2705-7

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…n 1 -^ 1 j 1 1 A • r 3 1 3 8 smaller amplitude and longer latencies ot to be partially reversible in the adult, in general accord with animal studies (19), and they are thought to reflect modified excitability of nervous tissue (20,21), a contention supported by extensive behavioral studies (22)(23)(24), electroshock seizure threshold in animals (25,26), conditioned reflex formation, response speed, and peripheral reflex measures (27,28). These effects would be mediated to some extent by nonspecific activating systems and not attributable to alterations of the basal metabolic rate, although indirect effects through catecholamines have been shown (16,24,26). Among the psychological constructs proposed to account for the behavioral effects of thyroid hormones are emotion (29), field dependence (30), and attention (15,18).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Event-Related Slow Potential (ERSP) Correlates of Thyroid Gland Function Level

Lolas

Gramegna

1978

Psychosomatic Medicine

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This study shows an association between thyroid gland function level and event-related slow brain potential (ERSP) parameters (peak amplitude and area under the curve), obtained during "classical" and "operant" reaction-time paradigms. A significant positive correlation between ERSP parameters and 24-hr I131 uptake and a negative nonsignificant one between them and ankle jerk reflex were found. Organismic factors related to thyroid function had greater influence upon ERSP amplitude and area than situational ones, for no significant effect of task was evidenced and no interaction between them was found under the conditions employed. Hyper- and hypothyroids showed also a tendency to present longer reaction times than euthyroids. These results are discussed within the framework of the arousal-distraction coupling hypothesis as proposed by Tecce and Cole (1976) and compared to those previously obtained in high-neuroticism anxiety-prone indivuduals. Although these and hyperthyroids do show indications of similar behavioral manifestations (excessive reactive arousal), both groups are considered to differ regarding empirical referennts of anticipatory arousal (ERSP parameters). A major difference seems to be the absence of a "ceiling effect" in hyperthyroids. This hypothetical phenomenon can be expected on the basis of the inverted U-shaped relation between ERSP amplitude and arousal level. A stronger "distraction" effect associated with increased arousal in anxiety neurotics is postulated and tentatively attributed to covert verbalizations of worry and feelings added to increased awareness of autonomic input. The contention is advanced that similar behavioral manifestations could be distinguishable at the physiological level employed and this might add further insights to diagnostic typologies (e.g., "psychosomatic" vs. "psychoneurotic" patients).

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Event-Related Slow Potential (ERSP) Correlates of Thyroid Gland Function Level

Lolas

Gramegna

1978

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…disk shedding and phagocytosis would seem likely considering its temporal association with metamorphosis. Many of the transformations of amphibian metamorphosis are due to changes in the levels of thyroid hormones and/or pituitary growth hormones (prolactin and somatotropin) (Etkin 1968;Frieden 1968;Kaltenbach 1968;Frieden & Just 1970;Tata 1970Tata , 1971Frye, Brown & Snyder 1972;Turakulov et al 1975). Since thyroid hormones affect many metamorphic tissues (such as the tail of X e n o p u s; Robinson 1970Robinson , 1972) by stimulating phagocytic activity, the metamorphic changes in r.o.s.…”

Section: -2 Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in length and disk shedding rate of Xenopus rod outer segments associated with metamorphosis

Kinney

Fisher

1978

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B.

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Histological examination of the retinae of Xenopus tadpoles undergoing the extensive transformations of metamorphic climax revealed a progressive and dramatic decrease in the length of rod outer segments (r. o. s.) (by 1.22 µm/day), which was reversed after the completion of metamorphosis, when r. o. s. grew longer (by 1.11 µm/day). The rate of r. o. s. disk addition during these two periods was determined by examining the incorporation of [ 3 H]-leucine by light microscopic autoradiography. The band of labelled protein in r. o. s. was displaced sclerally at a rate of 1.70 µm/day during the first half of metamorphic climax, and of 1.56 µm/day in young juveniles during the second month after metamorphosis. The similarity of the rate of band displacement at these times indicates that the changes in r. o. s. length associated with metamorphosis result from major changes in the rate of disk shedding and/or phagocytosis, which was about 2.92 µm/day pre-metamorphically and 0.45 µm/day post-metamorphically. E. m. observation at these stages and during the final stages of metamorphic climax revealed no significant alterations in the cellular organization or ultrastructure of rods or pigment epithelium, even though some r. o. s. were only 3 µm long. This large change in r. o. s. length undoubtedly influences the animal’s scotopic sensitivity and the relative mesopic activity of its rods and cones, and may have important effects on the animal’s visual physiology.

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Tandem mass spectrometry of deprotonated iodothyronines

Couldwell

Thomas

Mitchell

et al. 2005

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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In order to assist with the development of more selective and sensitive methods for thyroid hormone analysis the [M-H]-anions of the iodothyronines; T4, T3, rT3, (3,5)-T2 and the non-iodinated thyronine (T0) have been generated by negative ion electrospray mass spectrometry. Tandem mass spectra of these ions were recorded on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and show a strong analogy with the fragmentation pathways of the parent compound, tyrosine. All iodothyronines also show significant abundances of the iodide anion in their tandem mass spectra, which represents an attractive target for MRM analysis, given that iodothyronines are the only iodine bearing endogenous molecules. Characteristic fragments are observed at m/z 359.7 and 604.5 for rT3 but are absent in the spectrum of T3 thus differentiating the two positional isomers. The striking difference in the fragmentation patterns of these regioisomeric species is attributed to the increased acidity of the phenol moiety in rT3 compared with T3. Tandem mass spectra of these ions were recorded on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and show a strong analogy with the fragmentation pathways of the parent compound, tyrosine. All iodothyronines also show significant abundances of the iodide anion in their tandem mass spectra, which represents an attractive target for MRM analysis, given that iodothyronines are the only iodine bearing endogenous molecules. Characteristic fragments are observed at m/z 359.7 and 604.5 for rT3 but are absent in the spectrum of T3 thus differentiating the two positional isomers. The striking difference in the fragmentation patterns of these regioisomeric species is attributed to the increased acidity of the phenol moiety in rT3 compared with T3.

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Thyroid Hormones

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Event-Related Slow Potential (ERSP) Correlates of Thyroid Gland Function Level

Event-Related Slow Potential (ERSP) Correlates of Thyroid Gland Function Level

Changes in length and disk shedding rate of Xenopus rod outer segments associated with metamorphosis

Tandem mass spectrometry of deprotonated iodothyronines

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