Thyroid hormone status in preeclampsia patients: A case–control study

Muraleedharan, Nineetha; Janardhanan, Jessy Sumangala

doi:10.4103/0975-9727.212415

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Consistent with our findings, several studies have observed lower TT4 and TT3 levels in preeclampsia [ 7 , 16 , 35 ]. According to other studies, women with preeclampsia have increased antiangiogenic factors, which in turn reduce nitric oxide production.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Association of thyroid function test abnormalities with preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Background Preeclampsia is a life-threatening disorder during pregnancy and postpartum periods. Preeclampsia can affect the activity of many organs. It is very important because if this disorder is associated with changes in thyroid function, it can affect the results of maternal and fetal tests. Accordingly, the aim of this meta-analysis study was to assess the abnormalities in thyroid function tests in preeclampsia. Methods Studies were selected through a systematic search of the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar databases in 31st August 2021. Also, reference lists of review articles and relevant studies were manual-searched to identify other potentially eligible studies. English studies that compared TSH, T4 and T3 of normal pregnant with preeclamptic women (Known to be normotensive before pregnancy; gestational age 20 week or more; singleton pregnancy; no previous history of thyroid dysfunction) were screened. Data sets were screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers. Articles were assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used for quality assessment of evidence on outcome levels. Results After reviewing 886 published studies, 63 observational studies were selected and used for this meta-analysis. The study population included 21,528 pregnant women. The findings revealed that TSH (SMD = 1.70, 95%CI: 1.39 to 2.02; p < 0.001) was significantly higher in preeclamptic women. TT4 (SMD = -0.82, 95%CI: -1.16, -0.49; p < 0.001), TT3 (SMD = -0.88, 95%CI: -1.36 to -0.41; p < 0.001) and FT3 (SMD = -0.59, 95%CI: -0.91 to -0.27; p < 0.001) were less in preeclamptic women. There was no statistically significant difference in FT4 between two groups (SMD = 0.002, 95%CI: -0.27 to 0.27; p = .990). The results of publication bias and sensitivity analysis confirmed the reliability and stability of this meta-analysis. The quality of evidence was regarded as moderate, low, and very low for these risk factors according to the GRADE approach. Conclusions Findings of this meta-analysis indicated preeclamptic women were more at risk of changes in thyroid function tests. In order to prevent thyroid disorders, it is recommended that thyroid function tests be performed in women with pre-eclampsia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In addition, the high circulation of estrogens can change thyroid function. Also, decreased thyroid function may be due to anti-angiogenic factors in preeclampsia that reduce nitric oxide production [ 15 , 16 ]. This in turn decreases capillary flow of thyroid which could lead to hypothyroidism [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of thyroid function test abnormalities with preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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“…Sattar et al [32] also saw statistically insignificant differences in the levels of TSH, fT3 and fT4 in the PE group compared to the healthy control group; however, their study was limited by it being a very small study group (PE group -17; control group -16). Muraleedharan et al [33] found that TSH was significantly higher in patients with PE (3.76±1.55 mIU/L) than in healthy controls (2.30±0.94 mIU/L). Mean FT3 in the PE group was 2.12±0.55 µg/ml and was 2.43±0.47 µg/ml in the control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Urinary iodine as an important indicator for preeclampsia: a Polish perspective

Gajewska

Laskowska

Błażewicz

2021

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences

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Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the leading causes of perinatal and maternal morbidity. Although subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy is one of the established risk factors for PE, the link between iodine deficiency and PE is not fully understood. The aim of our study was to assess urinary iodine concentration (UIC), serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), and free thyroxine (fT4) levels in Polish women with PE (PE group, n=78) compared with healthy non-pregnant women (CNP group, n=30), and healthy pregnant women (CP group, n=46). The UIC was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Both the mean UIC of 144.6±36.4 μg/L in the CP group and the mean of 125.8±33.6 μg/L in the PE group, respectively, were lower compared to non-pregnant women (149.8±28.8 μg/L), and the difference between the PE and CNP groups was statistically significant. TSH values were the highest in the PE group, while the lowest average level was for the CNP group. The fT3 and fT4 values in the PE group were significantly lower compared to the CNP and CP groups. Despite iodine supplementation during pregnancy, the UIC was lower compared to non-pregnant women, while in women with PE it was at a significantly lower level. To reduce the incidence of possible health complications, proper iodine supplementation and monitoring of the UIC is recommended for pregnant women suffering from PE or at risk of developing PE.

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“…The preeclampsia group was found to have significantly decreased thyroid function. 12 It is hypothesised that decrease in nitric oxide may reduce capillary flow in thyroid vessels, leading to hypothyroidism. To test this, a correlation test was done between serum nitrite and thyroid parameters (T3, T4, TSH, fT3, and fT4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thyroid profile (FT3, FT4, T3, T4 and TSH) was measured using ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and read in ELx 800MS, ERBA MICROSCAN ELISA machine. 12 are T3 = 0.8 -2 ng/mL, T4 =4.4 -12.8 µg/dL, TSH = 0.5-5 mIU/L (normal females) and 0.13-3.5 mIU/L (in 3 rd trimester of pregnancy) [19] , FT3 = 1.4 -4.2 pg/ml, FT4 = 0.8-2 ng/dL. Expected range of values for Nitric Oxide =10.1-65.6 µmol/L 13…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide in preeclampsia and its association with thyroid hormone levels - A case control study

2020

IJCBR

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Introduction: Preeclampsia is a common disease of vascular dysfunction in pregnancy. Previous studies have suggested that nitric oxide, a vasodilator decreases in preeclampsia. This could lead to a decrease in thyroid capillary flow as suggested by few studies, thereby causing a decrease in thyroid hormones. Present study aims to investigate nitric oxide in preeclampsia and also seeks to find any correlation between nitric oxide and thyroid profile in preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: In this Case-Control study, 40 preeclampsia subjects as cases and 40 pregnant women as controls at 30-38 weeks of gestation were involved. 5 ml of venous blood was collected to assay serum nitric oxide using chemical method (Griess assay) and thyroid profile (T3, T4, TSH, FT3 and FT4) using ELISA. Analysis and Results: Mean, median, standard deviation for quantitative variables was compared by student t test. Percentage values were compared using Chisquare test. ANOVA tests and Post Hoc analysis was done. Nitric Oxide was significantly decreased in preeclampsia (20.5±3.03 µmol/L) than in normal pregnant (26.25±5.09 µmol/L). It was significantly decreased even in mild preeclampsia (p<0.001). There was a decrease in thyroid hormones and increase in TSH in preeclampsia. There was a correlation between decreased nitric oxide levels and decreased T3 and FT4 levels, but not with the remaining thyroid hormones. Conclusion: Preeclampsia is associated with a significant decrease in serum nitric oxide and thyroid hormone levels. In this study, we found correlation between decreased thyroid hormones (T3 and fT4) and nitric oxide levels, which was not significant. However preeclamptic women should be screened for hypothyroidism both during pregnancy and in post-natal period.

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Thyroid hormone status in preeclampsia patients: A case–control study

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Association of thyroid function test abnormalities with preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Association of thyroid function test abnormalities with preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Urinary iodine as an important indicator for preeclampsia: a Polish perspective

Nitric oxide in preeclampsia and its association with thyroid hormone levels - A case control study

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