Thyroid Hormone Signaling in the Development of the Endochondral Skeleton

Lindsey, Richard C; Aghajanian, Patrick; Mohan, Subburaman

doi:10.1016/bs.vh.2017.06.003

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 152 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This transient activity parallels the mammalian condition, where endochondral GZ activity starts during fetal development and ends at sexual maturity, both of which are regulated by endocrine signaling. Thyroid hormone (TH) mediates mammalian endochondral GZ maturation, [51][52][53] while estrogen triggers the end of GZ activity and the replacement of GZ cartilage with bone. 54 Interestingly, TH controls metamorphosis in teleosts, 55 suggesting conserved regulation of endochondral GZ maturation by TH in bony fishes (Osteichthyes).…”

Section: Life-history Of Endochondral Growth Zones In Bony Fishesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endochondral growth zone pattern and activity in the zebrafish pharyngeal skeleton

Heubel

Bredesen

Schilling

et al. 2020

Developmental Dynamics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Endochondral ossification is a major bone forming mechanism in vertebrates, defects in which can result in skeletal dysplasia or craniofacial anomalies in humans. The zebrafish holds great potential to advance our understanding of endochondral growth zone development and genetics, yet several important aspects of its biology remain unexplored. Here we provide a comprehensive description of endochondral growth zones in the pharyngeal skeleton, including their developmental progression, cellular activity, and adult fates. Results: Postembryonic growth of the pharyngeal skeleton is supported by endochondral growth zones located either at skeletal epiphyses or synchondroses. Col2a1a and col10a1a in situ hybridization and anti-PCNA immunostaining identify resting-, hypertrophic-and proliferative zones, respectively, in pharyngeal synchondroses. Cellular hypertrophy and matrix deposition contribute little, if at all, to axial growth in most skeletal elements. Zebrafish endochondral growth zones develop during metamorphosis and arrest in adults. Conclusions: Two endochondral growth zone configurations in the zebrafish pharyngeal skeleton produce either unidirectional (epiphyses) or bidirectional (synchondroses) growth. Cell proliferation drives endochondral growth and its modulation, in contrast to mammalian long bones in which bone length depends more on cell enlargement during hypertrophy and intramembranous ossification is the default mechanism of bone growth in zebrafish adults.

show abstract

Section: Life-history Of Endochondral Growth Zones In Bony Fishesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endochondral growth zone pattern and activity in the zebrafish pharyngeal skeleton

Heubel

Bredesen

Schilling

et al. 2020

Developmental Dynamics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An organism’s acquired ability to respond both qualitatively and quantitatively to a physiological signal, defined as competence, is distinguished between endocrine signaling during development, which tends to lead to irreversible, organizational effects, from that of healthy adult tissues, which controls the functioning of tissues and organs to maintain homeostasis. Thyroid hormone (TH) action regulates many aspects of vertebrate development including cartilage growth and skeletogenesis [ 1 – 4 ]. Over developmental time, the vertebrate organism traverses from low to high TH competence [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoid-X receptor agonists increase thyroid hormone competence in lower jaw remodeling of pre-metamorphic Xenopus laevis tadpoles

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thyroid hormone (TH) signaling plays critical roles during vertebrate development, including regulation of skeletal and cartilage growth. TH acts through its receptors (TRs), nuclear hormone receptors (NRs) that heterodimerize with Retinoid-X receptors (RXRs), to regulate gene expression. A defining difference between NR signaling during development compared to in adult tissues, is competence, the ability of the organism to respond to an endocrine signal. Amphibian metamorphosis, especially in Xenopus laevis, the African clawed frog, is a well-established in vivo model for studying the mechanisms of TH action during development. Previously, we’ve used one-week post-fertilization X. laevis tadpoles, which are only partially competent to TH, to show that in the tail, which is naturally refractive to exogenous T3 at this stage, RXR agonists increase TH competence, and that RXR antagonism inhibits the TH response. Here, we focused on the jaw that undergoes dramatic TH-mediated remodeling during metamorphosis in order to support new feeding and breathing styles. We used a battery of approaches in one-week-old tadpoles, including quantitative morphology, differential gene expression and whole mount cell proliferation assays, to show that both pharmacologic (bexarotene) and environmental (tributyltin) RXR agonists potentiated TH-induced responses but were inactive in the absence of TH; and the RXR antagonist UVI 3003 inhibited TH action. Bex and TBT significantly potentiated cellular proliferation and the TH induction of runx2, a transcription factor critical for developing cartilage and bone. Prominent targets of RXR-mediated TH potentiation were members of the matrix metalloprotease family, suggesting that RXR potentiation may emphasize pathways responsible for rapid changes during development.

show abstract

“…[ 2 ] Its sufficient amount in the body positively affects development of bone and muscles of a growing child. [ 3 ] Generally, 100-150 μg per day is essential for the thyroid function to squeeze the spectrum of IDDs. USI strategy recommends 30 ppm of iodine in cooking salt at production level and 15 ppm at consumption level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing adequacy of iodine intake among children from 6 months to 15 years of age from hilly terrains of North India

Kumar¹,

Raina²,

Chauhan³

et al. 2021

Indian J Endocr Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Routine outcome-based monitoring is required to assess the status of consumption of iodized salt as USI strategy. Objective: To assess the extent of recent iodine intake among children from 6 to 15 years of age in the hilly terrain of northern states of India. Methods: A school-based cross-sectional observational study among 227 children attending school was done for assessment of socio-demographic, dietary, salt consumption and urinary iodine concentration (UIC). Results: Mean age of children was about 6 years and 87.7% were consuming salt of >30 and none with <15 ppm iodine content. Median UIC was 138.0 μg/L. Among those assessed, 37.9% had adequate level of UIC, whereas about 20% and 40% participants had less (<99.0 μg/L) and more than adequate to excessive (≥200 μg/L) levels of UIC. Insignificant difference ( p = 0.07) was observed for mean log UIC between cabbage eaters (2.3) and non-eaters (1.9) consuming salt >5 grams/day. Conclusion: Recent iodine intake among children observed to be inadequate and effect of cruciferous food items on UIC needs to be studied despite high coverage of iodized salt among children.

show abstract

Thyroid Hormone Signaling in the Development of the Endochondral Skeleton

Cited by 13 publications

References 152 publications

Endochondral growth zone pattern and activity in the zebrafish pharyngeal skeleton

Endochondral growth zone pattern and activity in the zebrafish pharyngeal skeleton

Retinoid-X receptor agonists increase thyroid hormone competence in lower jaw remodeling of pre-metamorphic Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Assessing adequacy of iodine intake among children from 6 months to 15 years of age from hilly terrains of North India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About