Thyroid Hormone Mediated Modulation of Energy Expenditure

Vaitkus, Janina A.; Farrar, Jared S.; Celi, Francesco S.

doi:10.3390/ijms160716158

Cited by 54 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 122 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…These changes can increase the resting metabolic rate (RMR) and an intense and rapid stimulation of oxygen consumption in experimental models. The pathways involved in the formation and clearance of the T2 are currently unknown [45][46][47]. Previous studies showed that T2 production from the T3 hormone might be less prominent in hypothyroid patients treated with L-T4 [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of post-thyroidectomy chronic asthenia: a prospective cohort study

Scerrino¹,

Raspanti²,

Attard³

et al. 2017

Langenbecks Arch Surg

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Purpose Chronic asthenia (CA) is complained by some patients that have undergone thyroid surgery. We evaluate its impact in patients undergoing unilateral or bilateral thyroidectomy, the trend during a 1-year follow-up, and the possible risk factors. Methods A prospective, cohort study was carried out on 263 patients scheduled for thyroidectomy from 2012 and 2014. Exclusion criteria were as follows: Graves' disease, malignancies requiring radioiodine therapy, post-surgical hypoparathyroidism, laryngeal nerve palsy, abnormal pre-and postoperative thyroid hormone levels, and BMI outside the normal range. Demographics; smoking and alcoholism addiction; cardiac, pulmonary, renal, and hepatic failure; diabetes; anxiety; and depression were recorded. The Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) was used to evaluate CA and its possible association with these comorbidities 6 and 12 months after thyroidectomy. Results One hundred seventy-seven patients underwent total thyroidectomy (TT), 54 hemithyroidectomy (HT). Thirty-two patients were not recorded because of the onset of exclusion criteria. In the 6 months after thyroidectomy, in the TT group, 64 patients (36.16%) reported an impairment in the BFI score and only 1 in the TL group. The mean BFI score changed from 1.663(±1.191) to 2.16 (±11.148) in the TT group, from 1.584 (±1.371) to 1.171 (±1.093) in the TL group (p < 0.001). No further significant variations in BFI were reported 1 year after surgery. Conclusions CA worsened after TT, but not after HT. Apart from operative procedure itself, no other risk factor was found be significantly associated with post-thyroidectomy asthenia. Further investigation is needed to determine the causes of CA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of post-thyroidectomy chronic asthenia: a prospective cohort study

Scerrino¹,

Raspanti²,

Attard³

et al. 2017

Langenbecks Arch Surg

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“…Nevertheless, the effects of chronic T 4 on metabolic rate, food intake, and thermogenic response are reduced in Ucp1 KO mice, strongly suggesting that metabolic reprogramming of the BAT occurs in these mice. In this connection, TH may facilitate Ucp1-independent thermogenesis by activating futile substrate cycles during glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, lipolysis/lipogenesis, and glycerol-3-phosphate shuttling in brown and beige fat [41,42]. A futile cycle of the arginine/creatine metabolism may also contribute to thermogenesis in the brown and beige adipocytes [43,44].…”

Section: Central and Peripheral Regulation Of Thermogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogenesis in Adipose Tissue Activated by Thyroid Hormone

Yau

Yen

2020

IJMS

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Thermogenesis is the production of heat that occurs in all warm-blooded animals. During cold exposure, there is obligatory thermogenesis derived from body metabolism as well as adaptive thermogenesis through shivering and non-shivering mechanisms. The latter mainly occurs in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and muscle; however, white adipose tissue (WAT) also can undergo browning via adrenergic stimulation to acquire thermogenic potential. Thyroid hormone (TH) also exerts profound effects on thermoregulation, as decreased body temperature and increased body temperature occur during hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, respectively. We have termed the TH-mediated thermogenesis under thermoneutral conditions “activated” thermogenesis. TH acts on the brown and/or white adipose tissues to induce uncoupled respiration through the induction of the uncoupling protein (Ucp1) to generate heat. TH acts centrally to activate the BAT and browning through the sympathetic nervous system. However, recent studies also show that TH acts peripherally on the BAT to directly stimulate Ucp1 expression and thermogenesis through an autophagy-dependent mechanism. Additionally, THs can exert Ucp1-independent effects on thermogenesis, most likely through activation of exothermic metabolic pathways. This review summarizes thermogenic effects of THs on adipose tissues.

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“…The literature suggests that the increase in serum TSH and T3 levels observed in obese individuals occur so as to increase energy expenditure and minimize weight gain [56,57]. This assumption is justified by the role of thyroid hormones in the acceleration of energy metabolism and ATP turnover, especially in the induction of thermogenesis by stimulating the expression and activity of energy uncoupling protein (UCP) [27,57,58]. In this scenario, it is worth mentioning that levels of resting energy expenditure rise in obesity, probably due to the concomitant increase in fat-free mass [59].…”

Section: Energy Expenditurementioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Function in Human Obesity: Underlying Mechanisms

et al. 2016

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▼Obesity is associated with several metabolic and endocrine disorders; and changes in plasma concentrations, secretion patterns, and clearance of various hormones are observed in obese patients. In this context, recent research has shown that overweight can influence the function of the thyroid gland, usually leading to increased thyrotropin concentrations and changes in the ratio between the hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine, though within the normal range. The etiology of these changes is still unclear; how-

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Thyroid Hormone Mediated Modulation of Energy Expenditure

Cited by 54 publications

References 122 publications

The prevalence of post-thyroidectomy chronic asthenia: a prospective cohort study

The prevalence of post-thyroidectomy chronic asthenia: a prospective cohort study

Thermogenesis in Adipose Tissue Activated by Thyroid Hormone

Thyroid Function in Human Obesity: Underlying Mechanisms

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