Thyroid hormone action: Stimulation of growth hormone and inhibition of prolactin secretion in cultured GH1 cells

Tsai, Jir S.; Samuels, Herbert H.

doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(74)80223-8

Cited by 107 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…To study the effect of T3 or cortisol on the growth hormone response, medium containing hormone was serially replaced at 24-hr intervals for 72-96 hr. At the end of each 24-hr period, the medium was saved for quantitation of growth hormone production by radioimmunoassay (2,12). In certain experiments, at the end of each 24-hr period, growth hormone and total cell protein synthesis rates were also estimated by a 15-min incubation with L-[35S]methionine at 50 ,ACi/ml, followed by selective immunoprecipitation of the intracellular radiolabeled growth hormone as described (3).…”

Section: Hormones Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GH, cells are a rat pituitary cell line that produce growth hormone and prolactin and respond to physiological concentrations of L-triiodothyronine (T3) and L-thyroxine (1)(2)(3)(4). In medium supplemented with hypothyroid calf serum, T3 stimulates growth hormone synthesis (2,3) and inhibits prolactin production (2), and these responses appear to be initiated by a chromatin-associated cellular receptor (4)(5)(6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In medium supplemented with hypothyroid calf serum, T3 stimulates growth hormone synthesis (2,3) and inhibits prolactin production (2), and these responses appear to be initiated by a chromatin-associated cellular receptor (4)(5)(6). In medium supplemented with commercial serum containing endogenous thyroid hormone, glucocorticoids have also been shown to stimulate growth hormone synthesis in GH1 cells (7) and in two closely related growth hormone-producing cell lines, GH3 cells (8) and GC cells (9)(10)(11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid and glucocorticoid hormones synergistically control growth hormone mRNA in cultured GH1 cells.

Shapiro¹,

Samuels²,

Yaffe³

1978

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

160

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We have previously demonstrated that thyroid hormone controls growth hormone synthesis in GH1 cells and that the induction of the growth hormone response by glucocorticoid appears to be highly dependent on thyroid hormone action. Thyroid hormone induces growth hormone synthesis approximately 5-to 20-fold and cortisol increases this response 2-to 6-fold further. Long-term kinetics of the growth hormone response show that, without added thyroid hormone, cortisol can induce a small-growth hormone response after 48 hr of incubation. Sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrvlamide gel electrophoresis of proteins synthesized in intact celis demonstrates that the cortisol enhancement of growth hormone synthesis in cells incubated with thyroid hormone is a relatively selective process. Quantitation of growth hormone mRNA levels by cell-free protein synthesis demonstrates that the regulation of growth hormone synthesis by thyroid and glucocorticoid hormones is explained by a synergistic pretranslational control mechanism, presumably at the level of the growth hormone gene.

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Section: Hormones Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid and glucocorticoid hormones synergistically control growth hormone mRNA in cultured GH1 cells.

Shapiro¹,

Samuels²,

Yaffe³

1978

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

160

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“…Concentrations of free T3 of the order of 3 X lo-" M or 65 pg/ml induce a three-fold increase in the synthesis of growth hormone (GH) in cultured pituitary cells (Tsai & Samuels, 1974). Free T4 and T3 concentrations of 1 0-8 M and lo-" IVI respectively, produce a three-fold increase in the activity of a-lactalbumin in mammary explants in vitro (Vonderhaar, 1975).…”

Section: Theories O N the Mode O F Thyroid Hormone Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The application of immunoassay techniques has allowed the demonstration of actual increases in the amount of some enzymes and proteins under the influence of thyroid hormone. These include pituitary GH (Tsai & Samuels, 1974;Hervas et al, 1975), cytochrome C (Booth 8t Holloszy, 1975), carbamyl phosphate synthetase (Cohen, 1970), and lipogenic enzymes such as malic enzyme (Goodrige, 1975;Ii et al, 1975), acetyl CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase (Roncari 8~ Murthy, 1975).…”

Section: Effects On Protein Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Action of Thyroid Hormone

Bernal

Refetoff

1977

Clinical Endocrinology

104

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SUMMARYThyroid hormone affects both developmental and metabolic processes. It has a relatively specific effect on the synthesis of a number of enzymes and other proteins. The fundamental cellular mechanism of action seems to be at the level of genetic regulation. It involves interaction with nuclear receptors, leading to an activation of the protein synthesizing machinery. How binding to receptors is coupled to genetic activation is completely unknown. At least part of the metabolic effects of thyroid hormone could be mediated through an interaction with mitochondria and cell membrane, and with some enzymatic systems such as adenylcyclase.

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Effects of thyroliberin (TRH) on cell proliferation and prolactin secretion by GH3/B6 rat pituitary cells: A comparison between serum‐free and serum‐supplemented media

Brunet

Rizzino

Gourdji

et al. 1981

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Numerous studies have shown that prolactin (PRL) production by GH3 cells grown in serum supplemented media is regulated by several hormones including thyroliberin (TRH). The recent availability of hormonally defined, serum-free media for the growth of GH3 cells has made it possible to determine the effect of TRH in absence of other prolactin regulating hormones. Here we demonstrate that transfer of GH3/B6 cells from serum-supplemented medium to serum-free media results in several important changes: (1) altered growth response to TRH, (2) altered cell attachment and morphology, (3) greatly reduced prolactin production, and (4) greater stimulation of prolactin production by TRH. After 4 days in serum-free medium, TRH stimulates prolactin production by as much as 5-fold instead of approximately 2-fold in serum-supplemented medium. Furthermore, this increased responsiveness to TRH in serum-free medium is accompanied by a 10-fold decrease in the ED50 for TRH (concentration needed for half-maximal response) and paradoxically by a 2-fold reduction in the number of high-affinity TRH binding sites without significant change of their association constant.

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Thyroid hormone action: Stimulation of growth hormone and inhibition of prolactin secretion in cultured GH1 cells

Cited by 107 publications

References 15 publications

Thyroid and glucocorticoid hormones synergistically control growth hormone mRNA in cultured GH1 cells.

Thyroid and glucocorticoid hormones synergistically control growth hormone mRNA in cultured GH1 cells.

The Action of Thyroid Hormone

Effects of thyroliberin (TRH) on cell proliferation and prolactin secretion by GH3/B6 rat pituitary cells: A comparison between serum‐free and serum‐supplemented media

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