Thyroid function disruptors: from nature to chemicals

Oliveira, Karen Jesus; Chiamolera, Maria Izabel; Giannocco, Gisele; Pazos‐Moura, Carmen C.; Ortiga-Carvalho, Tânia Maria

doi:10.1530/jme-18-0081

Cited by 47 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 230 publications

(199 reference statements)

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“…Pollution by microplastics may contribute to contamination by PCBs and other organohalogen compounds . PCBs are well‐known endocrine disruptors that may interfere with thyroid hormone (TH) homeostasis . Exposure to PCBs can cause negative long‐term neurodevelopmental effects and cognitive deficits, including lower motor activity, autism, and ADHD .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogen Bonding Interactions of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and the Potential for Thyroid Disruption

Marsan

Bayse

2020

Chemistry A European J

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Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) flame retardants are persistent pollutants and inhibit neurodevelopment, particularly in the early stages of life. Halogen bonding (XB) to the iodothyronine deiodinases (Dio) that modulate thyroid hormones (THs) is a potential mechanism for endocrine disruption. Cl⋅⋅⋅Se XB interactions of PCBs with SeMe−, a small model of the Dio active site selenocysteine, are compared with previous results on polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs) and THs using density functional theory. PCBs generally display weaker XB interactions compared to PBDEs and THs, consistent with the dependence of XB strength on the size of the halogen (I>Br>Cl). PCBs also do not meet a proposed energy threshold for substrates to undergo dehalogenation, suggesting they may behave as competitive inhibitors of Dio in addition to other mechanisms of endocrine disruption. XB interactions in PCBs are position‐dependent, with ortho interactions slightly more favorable than meta and para interactions, suggesting that PCBs may have a greater effect on certain classes of Dio. Flexibility of PCBs around the biphenyl C−C bond is limited by ortho substitutions relative to the biphenyl linkage, which may contribute to the ability to inhibit Dio and other TH‐related proteins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogen Bonding Interactions of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and the Potential for Thyroid Disruption

Marsan

Bayse

2020

Chemistry A European J

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“…In general, studies addressing the endocrine effects of BPA and the more recently introduced BPS have mostly focused on potential androgenic/antiandrogenic and estrogenic actions ( 51 ). Nevertheless, there is an increasing number of studies showing that both BPA and BPS interfere with the thyroid system function through various mechanisms of action at different levels, both in vivo and in vitro ( 11 , 72 , 73 ). In the current study, however, BPA exposure had no effect on plasma T3 or T4 levels, or T3/T4 ratio, which may imply that BPA does not influence thyroid function in brown trout.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisphenol A and Bisphenol S Induce Endocrine and Chromosomal Alterations in Brown Trout

et al. 2021

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Bisphenol A is a widely used compound found in large amount of consumer products. As concerns have been raised about its toxicological and public health effect, the use of alternatives to bisphenol A are now increasing. Bisphenol S is one of the analogues being used as a replacement for bisphenol A despite the fact that little is known about the effects of bisphenol S on living organisms. In this study, we investigated the potential endocrine and genotoxic effects of bisphenol A and bisphenol S in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta). The fish were exposed to the compounds for either 2 weeks or 8 weeks via sustained-release cholesterol implants containing doses of 2 mg/kg fish or 20 mg/kg fish of the substances. The effects on the thyroid hormone levels and the estrogenic disrupting marker vitellogenin were evaluated, along with the genotoxic markers micronucleated cells and erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities. An increase in plasma vitellogenin was observed in fish exposed to the high dose of bisphenol A for 2 weeks. At this experimental time the level of the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) in plasma was elevated after bisphenol S exposure at the high concentration, and paralleled by an increase of micronucleated cells. Moreover, bisphenol A induced an increase of micronuclei frequency in fish erythrocytes after the exposure at the lowest dose tested. Taken together the results indicate that both bisphenol A and its alternative bisphenol S cause endocrine disrupting and genotoxic effects in brown trout, although suggesting two different mechanisms of damage underlying bisphenol A and bisphenol S activity.

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“…Finally, Tarnowska et al (unpublished) tested skin permeation of the most chaotropic anions thiocyanate and perchlorate (also applied as aqueous solutions of sodium salts). These anions are known as endocrine disruptors as they can inhibit iodine uptake in the thyroid leading to insufficient synthesis of thyroid hormones (Oliveira et al, 2019). They were found to penetrate through viable skin in vitro over 24 h. The total absorbed amount of perchlorate was comparable to that of iodide while thiocyanate penetrated less.…”

Section: Skin Absorption Of Hofmeister Ions and Their Impact On Absorption Of Other Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic ions in the skin: Allies or enemies?

Tarnowska

Briançon

Azevedo

et al. 2020

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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Skin constitutes a barrier protecting the organism against physical and chemical factors. Therefore, it is constantly exposed to the xenobiotics, including inorganic ions that are ubiquitous in the environment. Some of them play important roles in homeostasis and regulatory functions of the body, also in the skin, while others can be considered dangerous. Many authors have shown that inorganic ions could penetrate inside the skin and possibly induce local effects. In this review, we give an account of the current knowledge on the effects of skin exposure to inorganic ions. Beneficial effects on skin conditions related to the use of thermal spring waters are discussed together with the application of aluminium in underarm hygiene products and silver salts in treatment of difficult wounds. Finally, the potential consequences of dermal exposure to topical sensitizers and harmful heavy ions including radionuclides are discussed.

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Thyroid function disruptors: from nature to chemicals

Cited by 47 publications

References 230 publications

Halogen Bonding Interactions of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and the Potential for Thyroid Disruption

Halogen Bonding Interactions of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and the Potential for Thyroid Disruption

Bisphenol A and Bisphenol S Induce Endocrine and Chromosomal Alterations in Brown Trout

Inorganic ions in the skin: Allies or enemies?

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