Thyroid dysfunction in patients with diabetic retinopathy

Stefanowicz-Rutkowska, Magdalena Maria; Baranowska-Jurkun, Angelika; Matuszewski, Wojciech; Bandurska-Stankiewicz, Elżbieta

doi:10.5603/ep.a2020.0013

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Jung et al proved that the presence of insulin autoantibodies at the initial DM1 diagnosis was correlated with a positive ATA result [ 23 ]. Moreover, it has been proven that DM1 and AITD have a common genetic basis [ 17 , 26 , 27 ]. It has been observed that AITD is more common in women than in men with DM1 [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a relationship between the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease and diabetic kidney disease?

Stefanowicz-Rutkowska

Matuszewski

Gontarz-Nowak

et al. 2021

Open Life Sciences

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Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is more common among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and may impact its microvascular complications. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between AITD and the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1). Anthropometric parameters, parameters of metabolic control of DM, thyreometabolic status, and the UACR were assessed. DKD was diagnosed if patients’ UACR level was ≥30 mg/g or eGFR level was <60 mL/min. This study involved 144 patients with DM1 aged 36.2 ± 11.7 years: 49 men and 95 women. Significant differences in creatinine, eGFR, and UACR levels were found in patients with DKD. fT3 concentration was significantly lower among DKD patients. A significantly higher probability of DKD was found in DM1 patients with lower fT3 levels. Patients with DM1 and AITD had significantly lower creatinine levels than the control group. However, the study did not show any significant relationship between AITD and the occurrence of DKD in patients with DM1. Significantly lower fT3 concentrations in DKD patients may be caused by metabolic disorders in the course of DKD and require further cohort studies in a larger population of patients with DM1 and AITD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a relationship between the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease and diabetic kidney disease?

Stefanowicz-Rutkowska

Matuszewski

Gontarz-Nowak

et al. 2021

Open Life Sciences

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“…It is estimated that up to 25% of people with T1DM have elevated thyroid antibodies, and about half of them will develop clinical autoimmune thyroid disease [11]. There is increasing evidence that coexistence of diabetes and thyroid disease leads to endothelial damage, which has a significant impact on the development of macro-and microangiopathic complications [12]. Despite the proven impact of already subclinical hypothyroidism on the increased CV risk in young patients with T1DM [13], the data on the influence of the thyroid autoimmunity on the CV system in euthyroid patients are still inconclusive [14,15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is thyroid autoimmunity associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in young women with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Łukawska-Tatarczuk

Zieliński²,

Franek

et al. 2022

Endokrynol Pol

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opment of diabetic complications, of which the most significant association is suspected in CV complication in T1DM [3]. It seems that an imbalance in the immune system may be a key trigger of processes underlying atherosclerosis, which include inflammation [4], endothelial dysfunction [5], and accumulation of prothrombotic factors [6]. Interestingly, autoimmune factors in CV complications appear to be particularly relevant in women. It was found that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of oestrogen observed in healthy women are due to the regulatory Th2, macrophage, and T regulatory cell immune response and are probably disrupted in the presence of autoimmune Endokrynologia Polska

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“… 33 Several biological changes related to thyroid hormone levels have been found to confirm the impact of THs on microvascular complications, including the effect of THs on the body’s metabolic functions (including glucose metabolism, insulin secretion, homocysteine and lipids), chronic inflammation caused by low levels of THs, and vascular endothelial function damage. 34 , 35 It has been demonstrated that decreased endothelial Nitric Oxide (NO) availability is related to endothelial dysfunction, which can further prompt the development of DPN in T2DM patients. 36 , 37 Vicinanza R et al reported that the process of endothelial NO production could be mediated by THs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Thyroid Hormone Levels with Microvascular Complications in Euthyroid Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Hu¹,

Hu²,

Tang³

et al. 2022

DMSO

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Purpose To examine the prevalence of different microvascular complications and investigate the association between thyroid hormones (THs) and these complications in euthyroid patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 248 T2DM patients were analyzed retrospectively for the study. All patients received a detailed and standard assessment to identify diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Multivariate logistic regression was carried out to analyze the association between THs and diabetic microvascular complications. Results The study found the prevalence of any microangiopathy to be 72.18% (n = 179). At the same time, the prevalence of DPN was 54.84% (n=136), while that of DN was 31.85% (n=79). Likewise, the prevalence of DR was 35.48% (n=88). The odds ratios (ORs) for free triiodothyronine (FT3) developing any microangiopathy, DPN, DN and DR were 0.200, 0.361, 0.310, and 0.588 (P<0.05), respectively. Also, the ORs for free thyroxine (FT4) developing any microangiopathy, DPN, DN and DR were 0.643, 0.800, 0.702 and 0.726 (P<0.05), respectively. Lastly, the ORs for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) developing DPN was 1.57 (95% CI: 1.148–2.137, P=0.005). Conclusion The study concludes that serum FT3 and FT4 levels are negatively associated with any microangiopathy, DPN, DN and DR in euthyroid patients with T2DM, independent of traditional risk factors. However, the TSH levels are positively associated with DPN. Future larger sample-size studies are needed to confirm the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and microvascular complications in euthyroid patients with T2DM.

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Thyroid dysfunction in patients with diabetic retinopathy

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Is there a relationship between the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease and diabetic kidney disease?

Is there a relationship between the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease and diabetic kidney disease?

Is thyroid autoimmunity associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in young women with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Association of Thyroid Hormone Levels with Microvascular Complications in Euthyroid Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

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