Thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetic female Egyptian subjects

Abstract

PurposeHigh prevalence of thyroid disorders is more common in type 1 diabetes compared to type 2 diabetes, due to associated autoimmunity. Hypothyroidism is the most common disorder. The objective was to assess the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetic Egyptian females and to find the correlation between metabolic syndrome components and autoimmune thyroid dysfunction.Materials and methodsThe study included 62 type 2 diabetic Egyptian females and 27 sex- and age-matched controls. All patients in the study were subjected to anthropometric measures, including HbA1c, lipid profile, serum uric acid, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO), antithyroglobulin (anti-Tg), and thyroid ultrasound.ResultsHypothyroidism was found in 45.2% of patients (5.49±3.37 μIU/mL) versus 11.1% of controls (1.79±1.21 μIU/mL) (P<0.001). Anti-TPO was found in 75.8% (347.15±244.87 IU/mL) of patients versus 7.4% (32.89±33.26 IU/mL) of controls (P<0.001). Anti-Tg was found in 61.3% (508.03±369.16 IU/mL) of patients versus 0 (51.26±35.53 IU/mL) controls (P<0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between TSH and antithyroid antibodies (anti-Tg, anti-TPO; P=0.002 and P=0.043, respectively) and between TSH and thyroid-gland volume (P=0.002) in diabetic patients. No correlation was found between any components of metabolic syndrome and thyroid antibodies in diabetic patients.ConclusionAutoimmune thyroid disease is more common in Egyptian women with type 2 diabetes than nondiabetic women, and thus points to a role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.

<p>Elevated TPOAb is a Strong Predictor of Autoimmune Development in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case–Control Study</p>

“…Previous studies have found that the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is significantly higher in patients with T2DM than in the normal population. 18,25 In patients with T2DM, hypothyroidism is the most common type of thyroid dysfunction, with the incidence ranging from 18.3% to 45.2%. 18,25,26 The differences in the above results may be related to different detection methods, different races, and sample sizes.…”

“…18,25 In patients with T2DM, hypothyroidism is the most common type of thyroid dysfunction, with the incidence ranging from 18.3% to 45.2%. 18,25,26 The differences in the above results may be related to different detection methods, different races, and sample sizes. The present study showed that FT 4 level in T2DM combined with NAFLD was significantly lower than control group (median FT 4 0.89 vs 1.08, p < 0.001), while TSH level was significantly higher compared with the T2DM group, and the difference was significant (median TSH 2.85 vs 2.28, p < 0.05) (Table 2).…”

“…12,[15][16][17] In recent years, some studies have shown that the elevated levels of thyroid autoantibodies are correlated with T2DM. 18,19 Osei Sarfo-Kantanka et al found a higher prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in T2DM patients compared to healthy people. 19 In clinical practice, we found that the serum levels of thyroid autoantibodies in patients with T2DM and NAFLD often increase, however, the correlation between the two has not been reported before.…”

Frequency and type of thyroid disease in diabetes mellitus type 2

“…S druge strane, produžena upotreba lijekova iz grupe derivata sulfonilureje predisponira smanjenje funkcije štitne žlijezde i povećava rizik od karcioma štitnjače. Povećana koncentracija TSH (čak i unutar referentnih vrijednosti) povećava rizik od karcinoma štitnjače [14,15,16] 7,8]. Studija provedena u Istočnom Nepalu registrovala je prevalenciju hipotireoze od 10,7% (dvije trećina ima subkliničku hipotireozu).…”

“…Studija provedena u Istočnom Nepalu registrovala je prevalenciju hipotireoze od 10,7% (dvije trećina ima subkliničku hipotireozu). Do sličnih rezultata došla je i grupa autora iz Egipta ispitujući disfunkciju štitne žlijezde kod žena oboljelih od T2DM [7,8]. Prevalencija smanjenja tiroidne funkcije kod oboljelih od T2DM u Velikoj Britaniji iznosila je 13,4%, sa značajno većom učestalošću (37,4%) kod ženao boljelih od T2DM u odnosu na muškarce sa T2DM (6,9%).…”