Thyroid disorders and gastrointestinal and liver dysfunction: A state of the art review

Kyriacou, Angelos; McLaughlin, John; Syed, Akheel A.

doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2015.07.017

Cited by 51 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Along with weight loss, presenting complaints commonly include features of “accelerated functioning” such as restlessness, insomnia, palpitations, anxiety, heat intolerance and tremor. Gastrointestinal symptoms and complications are also common with dysphagia, atrophic gastritis, nausea with/without vomiting, frequent bowel movements and, rarely, steatorrhoea and lactose intolerance . With advancing age, weight loss and reduced appetite become commoner, whilst usual symptoms such as heat intolerance and irritability are less common; hence, a high index of suspicion for hyperthyroidism is required when unintentional weight loss occurs in older persons.…”

Section: Weight Changes Due To Hyperthyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight gain following treatment of hyperthyroidism—A forgotten tale

Kyriacou

Makris

et al. 2019

Clinical Obesity

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Summary Hyperthyroidism causes weight loss in the majority, but its effect is variable and 10% of patients gain weight. Its treatment usually leads to weight gain and some studies have reported an excess weight regain. However, there is considerable inter‐individual variability and a differential effect on body weight by different treatments, with some studies reporting more weight increase with radioiodine, and perhaps surgery, compared with anti‐thyroid drugs. The excess weight regain may relate to treatment‐induced hypothyroidism. Furthermore, the transition from hyperthyroidism to euthyroidism may unmask, or exacerbate, the predisposition that some patients have towards obesity. Other risk factors commonly implicated for such weight increase include the severity of thyrotoxicosis at presentation and underlying Graves' disease. Conflicting data exist whether lean body mass or fat mass or both are increased post‐therapy and whether such increments occur concurrently or in a sequential manner; this merits clarification. In any case, clinicians need to counsel their patients regarding this issue at presentation. Limited data on the effect of dietary interventions on weight changes with treatment of hyperthyroidism are encouraging in that they cause significantly lesser weight gain compared to standard care. More research is indicated on the impact of the treatment of hyperthyroidism on various anthropometric indices and the predisposing factors for any excessive weight gain. Regarding the impact of dietary management or other weight loss interventions, there is a need for well‐designed and, ideally, controlled intervention studies.

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Section: Weight Changes Due To Hyperthyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight gain following treatment of hyperthyroidism—A forgotten tale

Kyriacou

Makris

et al. 2019

Clinical Obesity

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“…Increased interest on the thyroid-intestinal epithelium is supplied by the finding of 40% of patients with HT with lymphocytic colitis, higher intraepithelial lymphocyte counts, dilated tight junctions, and shorter and thicker microvilli. The gastrointestinal dysfunctions in thyroid disorders were most recently reviewed (11). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut-thyroid axis and celiac disease

Lerner

Jeremias²,

Tenbusch³

2017

Endocrine Connections

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Autoimmune thyroiditis has an increased prevalence in patients with celiac disease and vice versa. The objective of the current review is to highlight the epidemiological, clinical, serological, pathological, pathophysiological, hormonal, genetic and immunological factors shared between the two entities. They might represent the two ends of the gut-thyroid axis where the cross-talks’ pathways are still unravelled. New observations are reviewed, highlighting some gut-thyroid interrelated pathways that potentially might lead to new therapeutic strategies.

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“…Most notably, MAHMI Web-based interface enables the comparison of user-submitted amino acidic sequences against database contents and thus, it can be ideally used to identify peptides that may be used to manipulate altered immune responses. MAHMI has a clear application in the framework of IBD, but also in other immune-associated diseases where the gut microbiota plays a part, including Irritable Bowel Syndrome (20, 21), Celiac Disease (22, 23) and Type-1 Diabetes (24, 25). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAHMI database: a comprehensive MetaHit-based resource for the study of the mechanism of action of the human microbiota

et al. 2017

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The Mechanism of Action of the Human Microbiome (MAHMI) database is a unique resource that provides comprehensive information about the sequence of potential immunomodulatory and antiproliferative peptides encrypted in the proteins produced by the human gut microbiota. Currently, MAHMI database contains over 300 hundred million peptide entries, with detailed information about peptide sequence, sources and potential bioactivity. The reference peptide data section is curated manually by domain experts. The in silico peptide data section is populated automatically through the systematic processing of publicly available exoproteomes of the human microbiome. Bioactivity prediction is based on the global alignment of the automatically processed peptides with experimentally validated immunomodulatory and antiproliferative peptides, in the reference section. MAHMI provides researchers with a comparative tool for inspecting the potential immunomodulatory or antiproliferative bioactivity of new amino acidic sequences and identifying promising peptides to be further investigated. Moreover, researchers are welcome to submit new experimental evidence on peptide bioactivity, namely, empiric and structural data, as a proactive, expert means to keep the database updated and improve the implemented bioactivity prediction method. Bioactive peptides identified by MAHMI have a huge biotechnological potential, including the manipulation of aberrant immune responses and the design of new functional ingredients/foods based on the genetic sequences of the human microbiome. Hopefully, the resources provided by MAHMI will be useful to those researching gastrointestinal disorders of autoimmune and inflammatory nature, such as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. MAHMI database is routinely updated and is available free of charge.Database URL: http://mahmi.org/

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Thyroid disorders and gastrointestinal and liver dysfunction: A state of the art review

Cited by 51 publications

References 89 publications

Weight gain following treatment of hyperthyroidism—A forgotten tale

Weight gain following treatment of hyperthyroidism—A forgotten tale

Gut-thyroid axis and celiac disease

MAHMI database: a comprehensive MetaHit-based resource for the study of the mechanism of action of the human microbiota

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