Thyroid disease and thyroid surgery

Parry, Zoe; Macnab, Ross

doi:10.1016/j.mpaic.2017.06.015

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Graves' disease, which is also known as toxic diffuse goiter, is a common autoimmune disorder that may lead to systemic changes in many organs. The clinical manifestations of GD included hypermetabolic symptoms and lesions of the eyes, skin, and extremities [9]. GD can result in a high metabolic state and increased circulation that may cause tissue congestion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis in Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Zhang

Kang

et al. 2018

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Objectives The objective of the study is to observe changes in choroidal thickness (CT) in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods The right eyes of 36 patients (27 females and 9 males) with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) and those of 36 age-, gender-, and diopter-level-matched healthy participants were evaluated. The patients' data were obtained within 3 months after the onset of Graves' disease (GD). Thyroid hormone levels and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) levels were measured, and the degree of exophthalmos was measured in all patients. Activity is measured by the clinical activity score (CAS). A horizontal scan centered on the fovea was performed in all participants. Five points of choroidal thickness were measured at the fovea (SFCT) and at 1500 μm nasal (N1500), 3000 μm nasal (N3000), 1500 μm temporal (T1500), and 3000 μm temporal (T3000) to the fovea. Results The CT measurements obtained were (mean ± SD) 313.47 ± 100.32 μm, 279.22 ± 85.80 μm, 214.64 ± 75.52 μm, 313.19 ± 80.36 μm, and 298.14 ± 82.75 μm in patients with GO and were 256.33 ± 50.18 μm, 223.14 ± 59.61 μm, 176.69 ± 60.66 μm, 250.92 ± 52.184 μm, and 239.47 ± 60.35 μm in the control group at the foveal, N1500, N3000, T1500, and T3000 measurement points, respectively. The CT in GO patients was significantly increased at all the points compared with the control group (P < 0.05). There was no relationship between the CT and CAS, the degree of exophthalmos, triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or TRAb levels in GO. Conclusions CT was found to be increased in GO patients and had poor relationship with CAS, exophthalmos, and thyroid function tests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis in Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Zhang

Kang

et al. 2018

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Thyroid disease has now become the second largest disease in the endocrine field [1], which can lead to death when the disease is severe. The total number of patients with thyroid disorders worldwide is more than 300 million, of whom the number of females is about 6∼10 times of that of male patients, and the number of females over 40 years is about 10%∼20%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Diagnosis from SPECT Images Using Convolutional Neural Network with Optimization

Liu

et al. 2019

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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Thyroid disease has now become the second largest disease in the endocrine field; SPECT imaging is particularly important for the clinical diagnosis of thyroid diseases. However, there is little research on the application of SPECT images in the computer-aided diagnosis of thyroid diseases based on machine learning methods. A convolutional neural network with optimization-based computer-aided diagnosis of thyroid diseases using SPECT images is developed. Three categories of diseases are considered, and they are Graves' disease, Hashimoto disease, and subacute thyroiditis. A modified DenseNet architecture of convolutional neural network is employed, and the training method is improved. The architecture is modified by adding the trainable weight parameters to each skip connection in DenseNet. And the training method is improved by optimizing the learning rate with flower pollination algorithm for network training. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method of convolutional neural network is efficient for the diagnosis of thyroid diseases with SPECT images, and it has superior performance than other CNN methods.

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“…Furthermore, this cancer is responsible for 5.1% of the total estimated female cancer burden, with a global incidence three times higher in woman than in men [1]. The survival rate is still quite high, leading to 0.4% of deaths [1,77,78]. This cancer also presents a complex etiology, which is still not well understood, and is associated with multiple risk factors, among which is childhood neck radiation, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, family history of thyroid adenoma or cancer, familial adenomatous polyposis, obesity, smoking, and hormonal exposures [1,76].…”

Section: Nanotheranostics In Diagnosis and Treatment Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Trends in Cancer Nanotheranostics: Metallic, Polymeric, and Lipid-Based Systems

et al. 2019

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Theranostics has emerged in recent years to provide an efficient and safer alternative in cancer management. This review presents an updated description of nanotheranostic formulations under development for skin cancer (including melanoma), head and neck, thyroid, breast, gynecologic, prostate, and colon cancers, brain-related cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. With this focus, we appraised the clinical advantages and drawbacks of metallic, polymeric, and lipid-based nanosystems, such as low invasiveness, low toxicity to the surrounding healthy tissues, high precision, deeper tissue penetration, and dosage adjustment in a real-time setting. Particularly recognizing the increased complexity and multimodality in this area, multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles, comprising different nanomaterials and functionalized with targeting moieties and/or anticancer drugs, present the best characteristics for theranostics. Several examples, focusing on their design, composition, imaging and treatment modalities, and in vitro and in vivo characterization, are detailed herein. Briefly, all studies followed a common trend in the design of these theranostics modalities, such as the use of materials and/or drugs that share both inherent imaging (e.g., contrast agents) and therapeutic properties (e.g., heating or production reactive oxygen species). This rationale allows one to apparently overcome the heterogeneity, complexity, and harsh conditions of tumor microenvironments, leading to the development of successful targeted therapies.

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Thyroid disease and thyroid surgery

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Analysis in Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Analysis in Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Thyroid Diagnosis from SPECT Images Using Convolutional Neural Network with Optimization

Current Trends in Cancer Nanotheranostics: Metallic, Polymeric, and Lipid-Based Systems

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