Thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents: A retrospective review

Neiva, Filipa; Mesquita, Joana; Lima, Susana Paco; Matos, María João; Costa, Carla; Castro-Correia, Cíntia; Fontoura, Manuel; Martins, Sofia

doi:10.1016/j.endonu.2011.11.003

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Its incidence has been increasing over the past few decades in most populations worldwide . Although rare, the incidence rate has also increased in pediatric population (≤18 years), mainly among adolescents . Actually, in the United States, thyroid carcinoma is the second most prevalent cancer among 15–19 years‐old females .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AGK‐BRAF is associated with distant metastasis and younger age in pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma

Sisdelli

Cordioli

Vaisman

et al. 2019

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Background The incidence of thyroid carcinoma has increased in most populations, including pediatric patients. The increase is almost exclusively due to an increase in the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Genetic alterations leading to mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation are highly prevalent in PTC, with BRAF V600E mutation being the most common event in adult PTC. Although a lower prevalence of BRAF V600E had been reported among pediatric patients, a higher prevalence of BRAF fusion has been identified in both radiation‐exposed and sporadic pediatric PTC. However, little is known about the prognostic implications of BRAF fusions in pediatric PTC. Procedure In this study, we investigated the prevalence of BRAF alterations (AGK‐BRAF fusion and BRAF V600E mutation) in a large set of predominantly sporadic pediatric PTC cases and correlate with clinicopathological features. Somatic AGK‐BRAF fusion was investigated by RT‐PCR and confirmed by FISH break‐apart. The BRAF V600E mutation was screened using Sanger sequencing. Results AGK‐BRAF fusion, found in 19% of pediatric PTC patients, was associated with distant metastasis and younger age. Conversely, the BRAF V600E, found in 15% of pediatric PTC patients, was correlated with older age and larger tumor size. Conclusion Collectively, our results advance knowledge concerning genetic bases of pediatric thyroid carcinoma, with potential implications for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic approaches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AGK‐BRAF is associated with distant metastasis and younger age in pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma

Sisdelli

Cordioli

Vaisman

et al. 2019

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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“…Data from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry demonstrate a rising incidence of thyroid cancer in patients under the age of 20 . Children with thyroid cancer tend to present with more advanced disease than their adult counterparts . At presentation, the incidence of lymph node involvement in children (40–90%) is roughly double that of adults (20–30%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BRAF V600E mutational status in pediatric thyroid cancer

Henke

Perkins

Pfeifer

et al. 2014

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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This study of pediatric PTC demonstrates that BRAF(V600E) mutations occur in children at a rate comparable to adults. We found a correlation of BRAF(V600E) with the male gender, but no evidence that the mutation correlates with more extensive or aggressive disease. This analysis suggests that differences in disease course of PTC in children versus adults are not strongly dependent upon the presence of the BRAF(V600E) mutation.

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“…PTC variants, such as follicular variant of PTC (FVPTC) and diffuse sclerosing PTC (DSPTC), are more frequently found in pediatric patients than in adults (Neiva et al 2012). Although there is no consensus on the prognosis of a different histological type, it was recently demonstrated that DSPTC is frequently associated with bilateral disease, extrathyroidal extension, lymph node involvement, lung metastasis and lower rates of recurrence-free survival than that of non-DSPTC (Koo et al 2009).…”

Section: Clinical Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are we really at the dawn of understanding sporadic pediatric thyroid carcinoma?

Cordioli¹,

Moraes²,

Cury³

et al. 2015

Endocrine-Related Cancer

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Data from the National Cancer Institute and from the literature have disclosed an increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in children, adolescents and adults. Although children and adolescents with thyroid cancer tend to present with more advanced disease than adults, their overall survival rate is excellent; however, there is no clear explanation for the differences observed in the clinicopathological outcomes in these age groups. There has been an ongoing debate regarding whether the clinicopathological differences may be due to the existence of distinct genetic alterations. Efforts have been made to identify these acquired genetic abnormalities that will determine the tumor's biological behavior and ultimately allow molecular prognostication. However, most of the studies have been performed in radiation-exposed pediatric thyroid carcinoma. Therefore, our understanding of the role of these driver mutations in sporadic pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer development is far from complete, and additionally, there is a strong need for studies in both children and adolescents. The aim of this review is to present an extensive literature review with emphasis on the molecular differences between pediatric sporadic and radiation-exposed differentiated thyroid carcinomas and adult population. Key Words" sporadic pediatric papillary thyroid carcinomas " radiation-exposed papillary thyroid carcinomas " RET/PTC

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Thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents: A retrospective review

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

AGK‐BRAF is associated with distant metastasis and younger age in pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma

AGK‐BRAF is associated with distant metastasis and younger age in pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma

BRAF V600E mutational status in pediatric thyroid cancer

Are we really at the dawn of understanding sporadic pediatric thyroid carcinoma?

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