Thyroid cancer in Ecuador

Gavilánez, Enrique López; Litardo, Noemí Bautista; Chávez, Manuel Navarro; Bonilla, Mario Hernández; Bajaña, Angel Segale

doi:10.1186/s12885-020-07137-0

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Thyroid cancer (TC) is a malignant tumor with the most rapid increase in the incidence rate in the last three decades (2,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). The incidental finding is a worldwide phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of KIT and BRAF mutations in thyroid tissue using next-generation sequencing in an Ecuadorian patient: A case report

et al. 2023

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BackgroundThe incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide. Ecuador presents the highest incidence among Latin American countries and the second around the world. Genetic alteration is the driving force for thyroid tumorigenesis and progression. The change from valine (V) to glutamic acid (E) at codon 600 of the BRAF gene (BRAFVal600Glu) is the most commonly reported mutation in thyroid cancer. Moreover, the BRAF mutation is not the only mutation that has been correlated with TC. For instance, mutations and overexpression of the KIT gene has been associated with different types of cancer, including lung and colon cancer, and neuroblastoma.Case presentationA woman in her early fifties, self-identified as mestizo, from Otavalo, Imbabura-Ecuador had no systemic diseases and denied allergies, but she had a family history of a benign thyroid nodule. Physical examination revealed a thyroid gland enlargement. The fine-needle aspiration biopsy indicated papillary thyroid cancer. The patient underwent a successful total thyroidectomy with an excellent recovery and no additional treatments after surgery. Using Next-Generation sequencing a heterozygous mutation in the BRAF gene, causing an amino acid change Val600Glu was identified. Similarly, in the KIT gene, a heterozygous mutation resulting in an amino acid change Leu678Phe was detected. Moreover, an ancestry analysis was performed, and the results showed 3.1% African, 20.9% European, and 76% Native American ancestry.ConclusionsThis report represents the genetic characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer in an Ecuadorian woman with a mainly Native American ethnic component. Further studies of pathological variants are needed to determine if the combined demographic and molecular profiles are useful to develop targeted treatments focused on the Ecuadorian population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the United States, thyroid cancer incidence has tripled over the last three decades from 5.5 to 14.0 per 100,000 people in 2019. TC ranks as the fifth most common cancer in Ecuadorian women ( 2 , 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of KIT and BRAF mutations in thyroid tissue using next-generation sequencing in an Ecuadorian patient: A case report

et al. 2023

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“…Thyroid cancer arises from the follicles or thyroid cells adjacent to the follicles. Despite the decrease in thyroid cancer-related morbidity in recent decades (35), the incidence rate of thyroid cancer is increasing rapidly and thyroid cancer represents a considerable medical burden (36)(37)(38). Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are common treatments for thyroid cancer; however, the prognosis for patients with thyroid cancer remains poor (39,40).…”

Section: Txnip and Thyroid Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress of TXNIP as a Tumor Suppressor Gene Participating in the Metabolic Reprogramming and Oxidative Stress of Cancer Cells in Various Cancers

et al. 2020

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Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a thioredoxin-binding protein that can mediate oxidative stress, inhibit cell proliferation, and induce apoptosis by inhibiting the function of the thioredoxin system. TXNIP is important because of its wide range of functions in cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, diabetes, and other diseases. Increasing evidence has shown that TXNIP expression is low in tumors and that it may act as a tumor suppressor in various cancer types such as hepatocarcinoma, breast cancer, and lung cancer. TXNIP is known to inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells by affecting metabolic reprogramming and can affect the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells through the TXNIP-HIF1α-TWIST signaling axis. TXNIP can also prevent the occurrence of bladder cancer by inhibiting the activation of ERK, which inhibits apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. In this review, we find that TXNIP can be regulated by binding to transcription factors or other binding proteins and can also be downregulated by epigenetic changes or miRNA. In addition, we also summarize emerging insights on TXNIP expression and its functional role in different kinds of cancers, as well as clarify its participation in metabolic reprogramming and oxidative stress in cancer cells, wherein it acts as a putative tumor suppressor gene to inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration of different tumor cells as well as promote apoptosis in these cells. TXNIP may therefore be of basic and clinical significance for finding novel molecular targets that can facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.

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“…El desarrollo de estas unidades productivas significa que existe un patrón de emprendimiento entre la población (Agila, Vizueta & Hablich, 2017). Paredes, et al, (2020) refiere que las MIPYMES de manera general a nivel mundial, representan en promedio el 80% de los negocios de una economía. La importancia de este sector de la economía es trascendental para la generación de empleos, desarrollo de la producción, y el manejo sostenible de la economía.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Factores económicos y sociales asociados a la creación y evolución de las MIPYMES en el Ecuador

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et al. 2023

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Las condiciones en que las MIPYMES se desenvuelven actualmente en América Latina no les son exclusivamente favorables, en buena parte tiene que ver con sus competencias endógenas, como el bajo grado de adopción tecnológica, mano de obra no cualificada, fragilidad administrativa, entre otros factores, pero también es cierto que ciertas condiciones institucionales y del entorno les afectan en mayor grado que a las grandes empresas. En este contexto, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los factores económicos y sociales asociados a la creación y evolución de las MIPYMES en el Ecuador durante el periodo del 2015 al 2020. Mediante la estimación de un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple, el cual se rige a la metodología econométrica tradicional, utilizando el método de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios, se determinó que la productividad laboral y el analfabetismo digital son los factores estadísticamente más relevantes y los que más influyen sobre la creación de nuevas MIPYMES en el Ecuador, mientras que la tasa de interés activa a pesar de su importancia en la dinámica microempresarial no es un factor relevante.

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Thyroid cancer in Ecuador

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Identification of KIT and BRAF mutations in thyroid tissue using next-generation sequencing in an Ecuadorian patient: A case report

Identification of KIT and BRAF mutations in thyroid tissue using next-generation sequencing in an Ecuadorian patient: A case report

Research Progress of TXNIP as a Tumor Suppressor Gene Participating in the Metabolic Reprogramming and Oxidative Stress of Cancer Cells in Various Cancers

Factores económicos y sociales asociados a la creación y evolución de las MIPYMES en el Ecuador

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