Thyroglossal duct cyst: a comparison between children and adults

Lin, Shih-Tsang; Tseng, Fen‐Yu; Hsu, Chuan-Jan; Yeh, Te‐Huei; Chen, Yuh‐Shyang

doi:10.1016/j.amjoto.2007.02.003

Cited by 87 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Clinical manifestation of TGDC based on a mid-year mean patient population of 3,064,661 patients for Southern California Permanente Medical Group would correspond to 2.23/100,000 population at risk each year. In our series, TGDC showed no gender predilection, a finding similar to the literature [3,[8][9][10][11][12][13]. However, males tended to predominate in pediatric patients while females predominated in adults.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…There is a wide age range at presentation. While TGDC have been reported predominantly in the pediatric population, there appears to be a bimodal distribution of disease as evidenced in our patient cohort (1st and 5th decades) and other studies which have included both children and adults [3,[10][11][12]. The classic clinical presentation of TGDC is a mobile painless mass in the midline of the neck.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…Thyroglossal duct remnant cysts (TGDC) are among the most common cervical lesions encountered in infancy and childhood [6,7], although they not infrequently present in adults [8][9][10][11][12][13]. The cysts may arise anywhere along the migratory pathway of the thyroglossal duct of the developing thyroid gland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Clinicopathologic Series of 685 Thyroglossal Duct Remnant Cysts

Thompson¹,

Herrera²,

Lau³

2016

Head and Neck Pathol

104

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The clinical features of thyroglossal duct remnant cysts (TGDC) have been well described, however the histopathologic aspects of these lesions have not been addressed in a detailed manner. In particular, there has been no large community practice based series evaluating TGDC histologically compared with management outcomes. A retrospective review of all TGDC diagnosed between 2005 and 2015 was performed. Six hundred eighty-five patients were identified (344 males; 341 females). Age at presentation was bimodal (first and fifth decades) and ranged from 0.8 to 87 years (mean 31.3 years). Males predominate in children (150:111); females in adults (230:194). Patients presented most frequently with a mobile midline neck mass in an infrahyoid location. An associated skin fistula (n = 67) was twice as common in pediatric as adult patients. The average cyst size was 2.4 cm (range 0.4-9.9 cm) by imaging studies and 2.6 cm (range 0.2-8.5 cm) by pathologic examination; pediatric patients had smaller cysts (mean 2.1 cm) than adults (mean 2.8 cm). Histologically, 257 (38 %) TGDC were lined by respiratory epithelium alone, 68 (10 %) squamous epithelium alone, 347 (51 %) exhibited both respiratory and squamous epithelium, and 13 (1 %) had no identifiable epithelial lining. Four hundred eighty-four (71 %) TGDC had associated thyroid gland tissue present within the cyst wall (n = 282), skeletal muscle (n = 71), adipose tissue (n = 34), or a combination of these sites (n = 97). The hyoid bone was identified in 647 (grossly and/or histologically), and absent in 38. Surgical management consisted of Sistrunk procedure (n = 647), cystectomy (n = 31), or thyroidectomy/thyroid lobectomy (n = 7). Treatment related complications were observed in 6 patients, which included vocal cord damage, seroma, and hematoma. Recurrences developed in 20 (3 %) patients, 14 of whom were managed initially by cystectomy. Papillary thyroid carcinoma was identified in 22 (3.2 %) TGDC. In summary, TGDC show a bimodal peak in the 1st and 5th decades, commonly presenting as a midline cervical lesion below the hyoid bone, associated with a skin fistula in 10 %. Histologically TGDC are most commonly lined by a combination of respiratory and squamous epithelium. Thyroid gland tissue is identified in 71 % of cases (0.45 cm mean size), although not limited to the cyst wall, but present in the surrounding soft tissues. Rare TGDC may harbor malignancy (3.2 %). TGDC are most effectively managed by Sistrunk procedure rather than excision, which carries low rates of complications (1 %) and recurrence (3 %).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Clinicopathologic Series of 685 Thyroglossal Duct Remnant Cysts

Thompson¹,

Herrera²,

Lau³

2016

Head and Neck Pathol

104

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show abstract

“…Dispute about the gender distribution of TGDCs also exists in the literature. Most of the studies reported an equal distribution of TGDCs among males and females [6,11,12]. While Hsieh et al [4] and Turkyilmaz et al [7] observed male and female predominance respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cyst presents as a firm, well circumscribed, nontender mass moving upward with protrusion of tongue and swallowing, as it attaches with foramen caecum through embryonic duct. Most thyroglossal duct cysts are positioned in the midline [4,5] and they can be located anywhere between foremen caecum to the suprasternal region but most of them found below hyoid bone ''infrahyoid type'' [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Decade of Experience of Management of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst in a Tertiary Care Hospital: Differentiation Between Children and Adults

Zaman

Ikram

Awan

et al. 2016

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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Variations in thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) between children and adult are mentioned very little in literature. The lesion mostly found in children but adult population also possesses this anomaly. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in clinical presentations and surgical outcomes of TGDC between children and adults. A retrospective chart review of all patients with TGDCs managed in our hospital from July 2004 to June 2014. All records were reviewed for age, sex, location of cyst in neck and with relation to hyoid bone, size, postoperative complication and recurrence rates. Differences between children and adults were assessed. A total of 39 patients (21 children and 18 adults) were treated for TGDC. Of the pediatric group, 71.4% were male and 28.5% were female, whereas 72.2% of the adults were male and 27.7% were female. Adults were more likely to develop other complaints like neck pain, dysphagia and dyspnea. Position was almost similar in both age groups with midline and infrahyoid location while laterality was seen in adult only. Size of Cyst was found to be larger in adults. The recurrence and post operative complication rates between children and adults were not significantly different. TGDC has male predominance. Clinical presentations were almost similar in both age groups. Although lateral deviation, increase size of cyst and recurrences were seen in adults only, Sistrunk procedure is recommended as a safe and standard surgical treatment in both age groups.

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Thyroid Gland

Yalçın¹

2016

Bergman's Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation

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Thyroglossal duct cyst: a comparison between children and adults

Cited by 87 publications

References 13 publications

A Clinicopathologic Series of 685 Thyroglossal Duct Remnant Cysts

A Clinicopathologic Series of 685 Thyroglossal Duct Remnant Cysts

A Decade of Experience of Management of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst in a Tertiary Care Hospital: Differentiation Between Children and Adults

Thyroid Gland

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