2008
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.26.021607.090408
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Thymus Organogenesis

Abstract: The epithelial architecture of the thymus fosters growth, differentiation, and T cell receptor repertoire selection of large numbers of immature T cells that continuously feed the mature peripheral T cell pool. Failure to build or to maintain a proper thymus structure can lead to defects ranging from immunodeficiency to autoimmunity. There has been long-standing interest in unraveling the cellular and molecular basis of thymus organogenesis. Earlier studies gave important morphological clues on thymus developm… Show more

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Cited by 238 publications
(264 citation statements)
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References 160 publications
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“…7a). In a cross-section, the epithelial cord and the club-shaped enlargements appear as islets embedded in mesenchyme (Rodewald 2008;Rodewald et al 2001) of neural crest origin. These experimental observations confirm the early histological findings, which described the thymic anlage as an epithelial island surrounded by mesenchyme (Maximov and Bloom 1938).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…7a). In a cross-section, the epithelial cord and the club-shaped enlargements appear as islets embedded in mesenchyme (Rodewald 2008;Rodewald et al 2001) of neural crest origin. These experimental observations confirm the early histological findings, which described the thymic anlage as an epithelial island surrounded by mesenchyme (Maximov and Bloom 1938).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The three-dimensional thymic epithelial reticulum develops from the third and fourth branchial pouch endoderm (Farley et al 2013;Gill et al 2003;Gordon and Manley 2011;Le Douarin 1967;Le Douarin et al 1984;Neves et al 2012;Rodewald 2008;Venzke 1952) and differentiates into cortical and medullary epithelial cells. Le Douarin (1967) isolated the branchial pouch endoderm, before fusion with the ectoderm of the branchial groove and co-cultured it with the mesenchyme; this resulted in the formation of functional thymic tissue providing evidence that (1) branchial endoderm without ectoderm was capable of thymic organogenesis and (2) thymic epithelial cell (TEC) differentiation required mesenchymal cell cooperation.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…La première colonisation hématopoïétique se produit autour de E11,5, et la délimitation des compartiments du cortex et de la médulla est reconnaissable à partir de E14 [4]. À partir de ce stade chez la souris, la taille du thymus augmente et ce jusqu'au l'homme) entourés d'un tissu conjonctif.…”
Section: Origine Des Cellules éPithéliales Thymiques Dans Le Thymus Aunclassified
“…Ces deux compartiments possèdent des caractéristiques phénotypiques et fonctionnelles distinctes [3]. Les cTEC ont un rôle important lors des étapes primaires du développement T, elles permettent l'engagement et la prolifération des précurseurs T via deux molécules cruciales à ce stade : l'expression du ligand de Notch1 delta like 4 (DL4) et de la cytokine interleukine (IL)-7 [4]. Le cortex permet aussi la sélection des thymocytes double-positifs (coexprimant les molécules CD4 et CD8) notamment par l'expression d'une diversité de peptides du « soi » présentés par les molécules du CMH (complexe majeur d'histocompatibilité) de classes I et II.…”
Section: Origine Des Cellules éPithéliales Thymiques Dans Le Thymus Aunclassified
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