Thymus invasion and atrophy induced by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in BALB/c mice

Brito, V. N.; Souto, Paula C. S.; Cruz-Höfling, M. A.; Ricci, L. C.; Verinaud, L.

doi:10.1080/714043902

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…In this work we observed thymic alterations similar to previously detected in BALB/c mice that present an intermediate susceptibility to disease (1). Moreover, we noted that the highly virulent isolate Pb18 is more invasive and persistent in thymus causing earlier and stronger alterations than the slightly virulent Pb265 strain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Considering the tropism of this fungus by lymphoid tissues (2,3), we have studied its action on the thymus in experimental models. In BALB/c mice, we observed that a virulent isolate of Pb is able to invade the thymic microenvironment inducing severe atrophy, depletion of the cortical layer, loss of the corticomedullary delimitation, and medullary and subcapsular inflammatory infiltrate (1). Also, an increase in programmed cell death (PCD) by apoptosis and autophagy was observed (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thymic atrophy and fungal virulence during experimental paracoccidioidomycosis

Brito¹,

Souto²,

Gameiro³

et al. 2003

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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The immunosuppression observed in systemic mycosis can be related to primary lymphoid organs damage. Thus, our laboratory has studied the effects of the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis infection on the thymus of mice. Here, thymuses of susceptible and resistant mice were evaluated after inoculation with highly and slightly virulent isolates of the fungus. All groups presented thymic atrophy, loss of corticomedullary delimitation and increase of apoptotic index. However, mice inoculated with high virulent strain showed earlier and stronger alterations suggesting that thymic atrophy can be directly related to the fungal virulence and to the immunosuppression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymic atrophy and fungal virulence during experimental paracoccidioidomycosis

Brito¹,

Souto²,

Gameiro³

et al. 2003

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…Infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is followed by thymic involution and histological disintegration of the cortico-medullary border (Napolitano et al 2002). Similar experimental observations have been made after parasitic infection (Brito et al 2003;Gameiro et al 2010;Pérez et al 2012) and malnutrition (Savino et al 2007). These histological alterations are subsequently associated with increased subsceptibility to autoimmune disease and cancer development (Lynch et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

A novel aspect of the structure of the avian thymic medulla

et al. 2014

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We provide evidence for the compartmentalization of the avian thymic medulla and identify the avian thymic dendritic cell. The thymic anlage develops from an epithelial cord of the branchial endoderm. Branches of the cord are separated by primary septae of neural crest origin. The dilation of the primary septae produces the keratin-negative area (KNA) of the thymic medulla and fills the gaps of the keratin-positive network (KPN). Morphometric analysis indicates that the KNA takes up about half of the volume of the thymic medulla, which has reticular connective tissue, like peripheral lymphoid organs. The KNA receives blood vessels and in addition to pericytes, the myoid cells of striated muscle structure occupy this area. The myoid cells are of branchial arch or prechordal plate origin providing indirect evidence for the neural crest origin of the KNA. The marginal epithelial cells of the KPN co-express keratin and vimentin intermediate filaments, which indicate their functional peculiarity. The basal lamina of the primary septum is discontinuous on the surface of the KPN providing histological evidence for the loss of the blood-thymus barrier in the medulla. In the center of the KNA, the dendritic cells lie in close association with blood vessels, whereas the B-cells accumulate along the KPN. The organization of the KPN and KNA increases the "surface" of the so-called cortico-medullary border, thereby contributing to the efficacy of central tolerance.

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“…Increased apoptotic index triggered by autophagic programmed cell death Thymus growth-stimulatory factor extracted from S. involvens, a fern Brito et al 2003;Gayathri et al 2011;MendesGiannini et al 2008;Savino 2006;Souto et al 2003 Bacteria Immune reaction to the thymic infection Borges et al 2012;Nobrega et al 2007Nobrega et al , 2010Reiley et al 2012 Francisella tularensis, F. tularensis an analogous patho-physiological model similar to HIVinfected human in terms of disease progression (Policicchio et al 2016). During infection of newborn rhesus macaques with SIV, ATI-associated events (including enhanced death and depletion of thymocytes by various apoptotic mechanisms) very similar to those described in HIV-infected humans (Rosenzweig et al 2000) are observed.…”

Section: Paracoccidioides Brasiliensismentioning

confidence: 99%