Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) in mycosis fungoides: Serum TARC levels reflect the disease activity of mycosis fungoides

Kakinuma, Takashi; Sugaya, Makoto; Nakamura, Koichiro; Kaneko, Fumio; Wakugawa, Motoshi; Matsushima, Kouji; Tamaki, Kunihiko

doi:10.1067/mjd.2003.132

Cited by 143 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…27,28 Furthermore, in MF CCL17 is unregulated on keratinocytes in lesional skin compared to healthy controls. 29 Thus, it seems that skin can actively recruit memory Tregs from the periphery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: association with disease stage and survival

et al. 2007

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FOXP3 is a unique marker for CD4 þ CD25 þ regulatory T cells (Tregs). In solid tumours, high numbers of Tregs are associated with a poor prognosis. Knowledge about the implications of Tregs for the behaviour of haematological malignancies is limited. In this study, skin biopsies from 86 patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) unspecified were analysed for the expression of FOXP3 on tumour cells and tumour-infiltrating Tregs. Labelling of above 10% of the neoplastic cells was seen in one case classified as an aggressive epidermotropic CD8 þ cytotoxic CTCL. In the remaining 85 cases, the atypical neoplastic infiltrate was either FOXP3 negative (n ¼ 80) or contained only very occasional weakly positive cells (n ¼ 5). By contrast, all biopsies showed varying numbers of strongly FOXP3 þ tumour-infiltrating Tregs. MF with early or infiltrated plaques had significantly higher numbers of FOXP3 þ Tregs than CTCL unspecified or advanced MF with tumours or transformation to large cell lymphoma. An analysis of all patients demonstrated that increasing numbers of FOXP3 þ Tregs were associated with improved survival in both MF and CTCL unspecified. In conclusion, our data indicate that the presence of FOXP3 þ Tregs in CTCL is associated with disease stage and patient survival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: association with disease stage and survival

et al. 2007

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“…5 CCL17, also known as thymus and activation regulated chemokine, has been described in CTCL skin lesions in association with the infiltration of CCR4 ϩ tumor cells. 6,7 CXCR4, the receptor of CXCL12, is also highly expressed by lesional tumor cells and seems to contribute to the accumulation of tumor cells in the skin. 8 CCL18, previously also designated as DC-derived chemokine 1, pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine, alternative macrophage activation-associated CC chemokine, or macrophage inflammatory protein 4, is a human chemokine that has no mouse equivalent and the receptor of which is not yet known.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Up-Regulation of the Chemokine CCL18 by Macrophages Is a Potential Immunomodulatory Pathway in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

Günther

Zimmermann

Berndt

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Pathology

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Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most frequent form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), which can deteriorate from patch stage to dermal-based tumors and systemic involvement in years. The interaction of chemokines in the skin with CTCL cells might have implications for the pathogenesis of the disease. In this study, we show by PCR analysis and immunofluorescence staining that the chemokine CCL18 is present in skin biopsy specimens of patients with MF and its precursor form parapsoriasis en plaque but not in healthy tissue. In addition, the serum levels of CCL18 were increased threefold in MF patients compared with those in healthy controls. In skin, CCL18 was specifically expressed by CD163 ؉ CD209 ؉ macrophages at the invasive margin of the tumor and not expressed by mature CD208 ؉ dendritic cells in the center of the tumor. The chemokine CCL17 was, by contrast, ubiquitously expressed. Furthermore, CCL18 promoted the chemotaxis but not the proliferation of CTCL cells. CCL18 inhibited proliferation of tumor cells and abolished the CXCL12-induced growth of a CTCL cell line. These data link the increased expression of CCL18 with CTCL and suggest an immunomodulatory effect of the chemokine in the pathogenesis

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“…Although this has not been investigated prospectively in this setting, evidence along this line has been produced for other diseases, namely Churg-Strauss syndrome and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma [79,80]. Measurement of serum TARC is reproducible and straightforward but is not performed in routine laboratories.…”

Section: Disease Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical management of the hypereosinophilic syndromes

Cogan

Roufosse

2012

Expert Review of Hematology

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Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) in mycosis fungoides: Serum TARC levels reflect the disease activity of mycosis fungoides

Cited by 143 publications

References 25 publications

FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: association with disease stage and survival

FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: association with disease stage and survival

Up-Regulation of the Chemokine CCL18 by Macrophages Is a Potential Immunomodulatory Pathway in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

Clinical management of the hypereosinophilic syndromes

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