Thymulin, A Thymic Peptide, Prevents the Overproduction of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Heat Shock Protein Hsp70 in Inflammation-Bearing Mice

Лунин, С. М.; Хренов, М. О.; Новоселова, Т. В.; Parfenyuk, Svetlana B.; Новоселова, Е. Г.

doi:10.1080/08820130802447629

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Thymic peptide thymulin, which is a metallopeptide consisting of a nonapeptide (Glu-Ala-Lys-Ser-Gln-Gly-Gly-Ser-Asp) that couples with zinc ions, mostly has inhibitory effects on immune responses [12, 31] and also stimulates endocrine systems, indicating its role in the recovery from inflammatory conditions [32]. Using thymulin as an immune-modulator in the second experimental line, we tested a repertoire of cytokines, including IL-6 and IL-17.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other authors believe that the mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effects of thymic peptides, including thymulin, may involve NF- κ B and p38 signalling cascades, which play crucial roles in inflammation [10, 11]. Recently we have demonstrated that thymulin in vitro and in vivo affected the NF- κ B cascade in tandem with the production of proinflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, and heat shock proteins in immune cells [12, 13]. We hypothesised that the antioxidants and/or thymulin could act as adjuvants, strengthening the anti-inflammatory effect of IKK Inhibitor XII.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of IKK Inhibitor XII, Thymulin, and Fat-Soluble Antioxidants in LPS-Treated Mice

Новоселова

Хренов

Глушкова

et al. 2014

Mediators of Inflammation

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The present study was designed to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of several agents applied in vivo, namely, a synthetic inhibitor of the NF-κB cascade, fat-soluble antioxidants, and the thymic peptide thymulin. Cytokine response in LPS-treated mice was analysed in tandem with the following parameters: the synthesis of inducible forms of the heat shock proteins HSP72 and HSP90α; activity of the NF-κB and SAPK/JNK signalling pathways; and TLR4 expression. Inflammation-bearing Balb/c male mice were pretreated with an inhibitor of IKK-α/β kinases (IKK Inhibitor XII); with thymulin; with dietary coenzyme Q9, α-tocopherol, and β-carotene; or with combinations of the inhibitor and peptide or antioxidants. Comparable anti-inflammatory effects were observed in inflammation-bearing mice treated separately with thymulin or with dietary antioxidants administered daily for two weeks before LPS treatment. When LPS-injected mice were treated with the inhibitor and antioxidants together, neither plasma cytokines, signal proteins, nor heat shock proteins recovered more efficiently than when mice were treated with these agents separately. In contrast to antioxidant diet, the thymulin was shown to increase the effect of IKK Inhibitor XII in preventing IKK activation in LPS-treated mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of IKK Inhibitor XII, Thymulin, and Fat-Soluble Antioxidants in LPS-Treated Mice

Новоселова

Хренов

Глушкова

et al. 2014

Mediators of Inflammation

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“…Furthermore, added in vitro, thymulin (5 ng/ml) reduced the peak of TNF-a production in macrophages cultivated with LPS, and this finding suggests that the effect on macrophages is not T-lymphocyte-mediated. Additionally, thymulin lowered the peak of heat-shock protein Hsp70 production by splenic lymphocytes induced by LPS treatment [44]. As we have shown further, the effect of thymulin may be related to the decrease of LPS-induced NF-kB cascade activation [26].…”

Section: Effects On Immune Cells and Perspectives In Inflammatory Dismentioning

confidence: 98%

Thymus hormones as prospective anti-inflammatory agents

Лунин¹,

Новоселова²

2010

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets

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“…In this model, thymulin effect was related to the inhibition of expression of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and to the suppression of p38 MAPK pathway [71]. The protective effect of thymulin against inflammation was further analysed by Lunin and coworkers in an animal model with inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram negative bacteria [72]. These authors showed that the peptide prevented the accumulation of IL-1, IL-6, TNFand Interferon-gamma (IFN-) in plasma and the LPS-induced upregulation of production of cytokines by splenic lymphocytes and macrophages.…”

Section: Analgesic and Antiinflammatory Actions Of Thymulin And Its Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology and Therapeutic Potential of the Thymic Peptide Thymulin

Reggiani¹,

Schwerdt²,

Cónsole³

et al. 2014

CPD

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Thymulin is a thymic hormone exclusively produced by the epithelial cells of the thymus. After its discovery and initial characterization in the '70s, it was demonstrated that the production and secretion of thymulin are strongly influenced by the neuro-endocrine system. Conversely, a growing body of evidence, to be reviewed here, suggests that thymulin is a hypophysiotropic peptide. Additionally, a substantial body of information pointing to thymulin and a synthetic analog as anti-inflammatory and analgesic peptides in the central nervous system brain and other organs will be also reviewed. In recent years, a synthetic DNA sequence encoding a biologically active analog of thymulin, metFTS, was constructed and cloned in a number of adenovectors. These include bidirectional regulatable Tet-Off vector systems that simultaneously express metFTS and green fluorescent protein and that can be down-regulated reversibly by the addition of the antibiotic doxycycline. A number of recent studies indicate that gene therapy for thymulin may be an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent some of the hormonal and reproductive abnormalities that typically appear in congenitally athymic (nude) mice, used as a suitable model of neuroendocrine and reproductive aging. Summing up, this article briefly reviews the publications on the physiology of the thymulin-neuroendocrine axis and the anti-inflammatory properties of the molecule and its analog. The availability of novel biotechnological tools should boost basic studies on the molecular biology of thymulin and should also allow an assessment of the potential of gene therapy to restore circulating thymulin levels in thymodeficient animal models and eventually, in humans.

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Thymulin, A Thymic Peptide, Prevents the Overproduction of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Heat Shock Protein Hsp70 in Inflammation-Bearing Mice

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of IKK Inhibitor XII, Thymulin, and Fat-Soluble Antioxidants in LPS-Treated Mice

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of IKK Inhibitor XII, Thymulin, and Fat-Soluble Antioxidants in LPS-Treated Mice

Thymus hormones as prospective anti-inflammatory agents

Physiology and Therapeutic Potential of the Thymic Peptide Thymulin

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