Thymosins beta 8 and beta 9: two new peptides isolated from calf thymus homologous to thymosin beta 4.

Hannappel, Ewald; Davoust, Stephen; Horecker, B.L.

doi:10.1073/pnas.79.6.1708

Cited by 76 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We have previously identified thymosin (8, also isolated from thymosin fraction 5, as a modified form of the native peptide, thymosin (9, the latter containing two additional amino acid residues at the COOH terminus (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…§1734 solely to indicate this fact. (14,15). The results are shown for IEF fractions 6 and 7 by using a linear gradient of 1-propanol in buffer A as shown (---).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preliminary separation of the components of thymosin fraction 5 was by preparative IEF (14,15 The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thymosin alpha 11: a peptide related to thymosin alpha 1 isolated from calf thymosin fraction 5.

Caldarella¹,

Goodall²,

Félix³

et al. 1983

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Two peptides related to thymosin a1 have been isolated from preparations of calf thymosin fraction 5. One, lacking four amino acid residues at the COOH terminus, is designated des-(25-28)-thymosin al. The other, named thymosin all, contains seven additional amino acid residues at the COOH terminus. The sequence of this peptide is: AcSer-Asp-Ala-Ala-Val-Asp-ThrSer-Ser-Glu-Ile-Thr-Thr-Lys-Asp-Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys-Lys-Glu-ValVal-Glu-Glu-Ala-Glu-Asn-Gly-Arg-Glu-Ala-Pro-Ala-AsnOH. Thymosin all, in doses of <300 ng per mouse, protects susceptible inbred murine strains against opportunistic infections with Candida albicans. It is m30 times as potent as thymosin fraction 5 and approximately equal in potency to thymosin al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…§1734 solely to indicate this fact. (14,15). The results are shown for IEF fractions 6 and 7 by using a linear gradient of 1-propanol in buffer A as shown (---).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thymosin alpha 11: a peptide related to thymosin alpha 1 isolated from calf thymosin fraction 5.

Caldarella¹,

Goodall²,

Félix³

et al. 1983

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Besides TB4, a second peptide, 'I&9, was found associated with 1184 in bovine tissue and has ca. 75% sequence homology [5,6]. Other species, such as man and rat, contain T@lO instead of Tj?9 [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of bimanyl actin derivative (TMB‐actin) for studying complexation of β‐thymosins

et al. 1993

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By reacting trimethylammoniobromobimane bromide (TMB bromide) with rabbit muscle actin, a fluorescent reporter group was linked to cysteine at position 374. Fluorescence of TMB-actin decreased significantly on addition of thymosinp4 (T/94), a peptide of 43 amino acid residues reported to bind to monomeric actin and to prevent filament formation, Based on this effect, we determined the Kn value of the thymosin @l complex as 0.8 PM, a value that is in agreement with previous determinations. In addition to the main compound thymosin/?4, bovine tissue contains a related peptide, thymosin p (Tp9), which has 41 amino acid residues and ca. 75% sequence homology. In the present study we show for the first time that T/$?, similar to Tp4, forms a 1:l complex with monomeric actin, and hereby inhibits actin polymerization. With a K, value of 1.1 FM the affinity of TjT9 is in the same range as that of Tp4, suggesting that T@9, like T/?4, contributes to maintaining the pool of monomeric. actin in bovine non-muscle cells. Further proof of the interaction of T/I9 with actin was provided by native PAGE, where the complex showed the reported higher mobility, as well as by crosslink~g experiments. Using different crosslinking reagents, like water-soluble ~~iimide (EDC), ~-maleimido~~oyl-~-hydroxys~nimi~te (MBS), and disu~inimidylsu~rate (DSS), we were able to produce conjugates of 47 kDa. In one of these (from MBS) both actin and Tfi9 could be identified by imm~oblot~ng. When, in the MBS crosslinking experiments, native actin was replaced with (374-NEM)-actin, the 47 kDa band was not seen, indicating that Cys-374 takes part in the thiol-specific crosslinking reaction. This suggests that part of the binding site of T/39 must be located close to the carboxy-terminus.

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“…The peptide from rat liver, which appeared to contain a small amount ofimpurity, was cleaved with cyanogen bromide, and the fragments corresponding to residues 1-6 and 7-43 were separated by HPLC. The amino acid compositions of these cyanogen bromide peptides were as predicted from the reported sequence ofthymosin (4 (1,7). The identity of the peptide from rat brain was confirmed by the isolation of tryptic peptides corresponding to residues 1-14, 15 Table 2.…”

Section: Identification Of Thymosin 134 In Extracts Of Rat and Mousementioning

confidence: 99%

Thymosin beta 4: a ubiquitous peptide in rat and mouse tissues.

Hannappel¹,

Xu²,

Morgan³

et al. 1982

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Thymosin beta 4, recently isolated from calf thymus, is present in a number of rat and mouse tissues, including spleen, thymus, brain, lung, liver, and heart muscle. High concentrations are found in peritoneal macrophages, suggesting that its occurrence in other tissues may be related to the presence of macrophages or macrophage-like cells in these tissues. The conclusion that "thymosin" beta 4 does not originate solely in the thymus gland is supported by the high concentrations found in tissues of athymic (nu/nu) mice.

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Thymosins beta 8 and beta 9: two new peptides isolated from calf thymus homologous to thymosin beta 4.

Cited by 76 publications

References 20 publications

Thymosin alpha 11: a peptide related to thymosin alpha 1 isolated from calf thymosin fraction 5.

Thymosin alpha 11: a peptide related to thymosin alpha 1 isolated from calf thymosin fraction 5.

Use of bimanyl actin derivative (TMB‐actin) for studying complexation of β‐thymosins

Thymosin beta 4: a ubiquitous peptide in rat and mouse tissues.

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