Thymosin beta-15 predicts for distant failure in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer—results from a pilot study

Chakravatri, Arnab; Zehr, E; Zietman, Anthony L.; Shipley, William U.; Goggins, William B.; Finkelstein, Dianne M.; Young, Robert H.; Chang, Eric L.; Wu, Chin‐Lee

doi:10.1016/s0090-4295(00)00462-3

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In renal carcinoma cells an increased expression of Tb10 was detected for its gene transcript [Hall, 1991;Califano et al, 1998]. In metastasizing prostatic tumor cells the expression of a special variant thymosin b15 was reported [Bao et al, 1996] which was subsequently tested as possible prognostic marker [Chakravatri et al, 2000].…”

Section: Intracellular Localisation Of B-thymosinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The β‐thymosins: Intracellular and extracellular activities of a versatile actin binding protein family

Mannherz

Hannappel

2009

Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton

105

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The b-thymosins are N-terminally acetylated peptides of about 5 kDa molecular mass and composed of about 40-44 amino acid residues. The first member of the family, thymosin b4, was initially isolated from thymosin fraction 5, prepared in five steps from calf thymus. Thymosin b4 was supposed to be specifically produced and released by the thymic gland and to possess hormonal activities modulating the immune response. Various paracrine effects have indeed been reported for these peptides such as cardiac protection, angiogenesis, stimulation of wound healing, and hair growth. Besides these paracrine effects, it was noted that b-thymosins occur in high concentration in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells and bind to the cytoskeletal component actin. Subsequently it became apparent from in vitro experiments that they preferentially bind to monomeric (G-)actin and stabilize it in its monomeric form. Due to this ability the b-thymosins are the main intracellular actin sequestering factor, i.e., they posses the ability to remove monomeric actin from the dynamic assembly and disassembly processes of the actin cytoskeleton that constantly occur in activated cells. In this review we will concentrate on the intracellular activity and localization of the b-thymosins, i.e., their modulating effect on the actin cytoskeleton. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 66: 839-851, 2009. '

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Section: Intracellular Localisation Of B-thymosinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The β‐thymosins: Intracellular and extracellular activities of a versatile actin binding protein family

Mannherz

Hannappel

2009

Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton

105

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“…We and others have shown that thymosin h15 (Th15) is expressed in human CaP and that levels rise with increasing malignancy and with the later onset of PSA failure or bone metastasis [4,5]. Th15 belongs to a highly conserved multigene family of 5 kDa proteins [6,7] that bind to monomeric G-actin in a 1:1 complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of a retrospective study involving staining of histologic specimens, thymosin h15 (Th15) has been suggested to have utility as a marker that can predict outcomes among patients with mid-grade CaP from biopsy samples taken at the time of diagnosis [4]. Again, this approach is limited in that it depends on biopsy sample data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for thymosin β15, a urinary biomarker of human prostate cancer

Hutchinson

Chang

Becker

et al. 2005

Clinical Biochemistry

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“…Thymosin b-15 (Tb-15), a newly identified member of the Tb family, was shown to influence the metastatic potentials of Dunning rat prostatic carcinoma cells (Bao et al, 1996). Moreover, Tb-15 has been suggested to be a useful marker for identifying patients with high risk of prostate cancer metastasis (Chakravatri et al, 2000). Upregulated expression of Tb-15 gene was also observed in malignant breast tissues (Gold et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of the thymosin β-4 gene is associated with malignant progression of SW480 colon cancer cells

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Hsiao³

et al. 2003

Oncogene

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Thymosin b-4 (Tb-4), a small peptide originally isolated from calf thymus, modulates the formation of F-actin microfilaments by sequestering the monomeric G-actin. Recent studies have shown that overexpression of the Tb-4 gene occurs not only in many human carcinomas but also in the highly metastatic melanomas and fibrosarcomas. However, little is known about the specific growth advantages acquired by different tumors from this genetic abnormality. To address the above questions, Tb-4-overexpressing human colon carcinoma (SW480) cells were established by stable transfection and their phenotypic changes were monitored. We found that both the morphology and the cortical actin cytoskeleton of SW480 cells were altered by Tb-4 overexpression. Moreover, both cellular level and that distributed over the intercellular junctions of the E-cadherin were decreased in the Tb-4 overexpressers, which were accompanied by a twofold increase in their saturation densities. Meanwhile, these cells also exhibited an increased ability to form colonies in soft agar. Interestingly, a dramatic increase of growth rate was detected in the Tb-4 overexpressers, which might be attributed to an accelerated proliferation induced by cMyc that was activated by nuclear b-catenin. Finally, a motility increase of these cells was demonstrated by two independent migration assays, which was accompanied by an enhanced focal contact. Taken together, our data suggest that the drastic growth property and motility changes of the SW480 cells overexpressing Tb-4 gene are due mainly to a deregulated cell-cell adhesion arisen from the downregulation of E-cadherin, plus uncontrolled cell proliferation owing to the upregulation of b-catenin, both resulted from a breakdown of actin microfilaments caused by the overexpression of this G-actin sequestering peptide.

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Thymosin beta-15 predicts for distant failure in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer—results from a pilot study

Cited by 33 publications

References 11 publications

The β‐thymosins: Intracellular and extracellular activities of a versatile actin binding protein family

The β‐thymosins: Intracellular and extracellular activities of a versatile actin binding protein family

Development of a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for thymosin β15, a urinary biomarker of human prostate cancer

Overexpression of the thymosin β-4 gene is associated with malignant progression of SW480 colon cancer cells

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