Thymoma is associated with an increased risk of second malignancy

Pan, Chin-Chen; Chen, Paul Chih-Hsueh; Wang, Liang-Shun; Chi, Kwan‐Hwa; Chiang, Hung

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(20011101)92:9<2406::aid-cncr1589>3.0.co;2-7

Cited by 95 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(10 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several studies of thymoma patients reported frequent occurrence of second malignancies at diverse sites including breast, colon, leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and carcinoid tumors. [10][11][12][13] Bergh et al, 14 in 1978, recognized that all thymic tumors can manifest malignant behavior and should be considered as malignant diseases. This is consistent with our findings that thymic tumors of all histologic types were associated with metastases, albeit with different frequencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrathoracic metastases of thymic origin: a review of 35 cases

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thymic tumors are categorized as types A, AB, B1, B2, B3, and thymic carcinoma under the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Thymomas are typically slow growing tumors that predominantly involve the surrounding structures through direct invasion, while thymic carcinomas tend to be more aggressive. A significant number of patients are asymptomatic and can present with metastases as the first presentation. The exact incidence of extrathoracic metastases from thymoma is not known. This study describes a series of 35 cases of histologically documented metastatic thymomas and thymic carcinomas at extrathoracic sites. These cases were classified according to the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification criteria, and we present their clinical data as well as discuss the differential diagnoses of these lesions. Our study shows that all types of thymic tumors, regardless of histologic type, can be associated with invasion and metastases to thoracic and extrathoracic sites. It is the most aggressive variant invading surrounding structures with metastases, 2 although embolic metastases of thymic carcinoma leading to extrathoracic metastases are very rare. 4 Since, thymic cancers invade locally, diagnoses of metastases are difficult. Locally advanced thymic tumors often present as pleural plaques, which can be misdiagnosed as lung metastases on imaging studies. Thus, it becomes very important to appropriately define metastases in these tumors. For this reason, we defined only lesions outside the thorax that were histologically similar to the primary thymic tumors as metastases.Although the exact incidence of extrathoracic metastases from thymoma is not known, in 1983, Ichino et al 5 documented 83 cases in the literature. However, most of the metastatic sites were not biopsied and histology was not available. In addition, the older literature does not make a distinction between epithelial lesions (true thymic tumors) and other neoplasms arising in the region of thymus. In any event, these studies suggest liver, bone, and lymph nodes as common sites of extrathoracic metastases of malignant thymoma. [4][5][6] Moreover,

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrathoracic metastases of thymic origin: a review of 35 cases

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An increased rate of second primary malignancies in thymoma patients is reported [29,30]. In our little series, a high incidence of multiple neoplasms (66.6% of patients) was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Cellular and humoral immune alterations in thymectomized patients for thymoma

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of thymectomy on kinetics of the immune reconstitution in thymoma patients. Nine consecutive patients with completely resected thymoma were enrolled. Immunophenotype analysis (total lymphocytes, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, NK subsets) and detection of autoantibodies at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after thymectomy were planned. A prolonged inversion of CD4/CD8 ratio was present, due to a diminished number of CD4+ cells; CD8+ cell numbers remaining constantly normal at different time points; CD19+ cells remained for a long time understatement, achieving almost normal levels at 24 months; and NK cells always showed a normal amount. Autoantibodies against the muscle acetylcholine receptor were detected in four patients (44.4%) at the time of diagnosis, while antinuclear antibody were detected in eight patients (88.8%) at different time points during postthymectomy. A high incidence of multiple primary neoplasms was observed (66.6% of cases). Our study showed that cellular and humoral immune alterations are a common sequelae of postthymectomy. Further studies, a longer surveillance and a cooperative approach, due to the rarity of the disease, are necessary to define eventual implications of immune alterations on patient's outcome.

show abstract

“…After surgery we referred our case to oncology department to Dhaka Medical College Hospital for further management. Thymoma has been associated with an increased risk of second malignancies, which appears to be unrelated to thymectomy, radiation therapy, or a clinical history of myasthenia gravis 24,25 . In this case we decided to follow up the patient at regular interval to rule out second malignancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymoma Presenting as a Giant Intrathoracic Mass

Hasan¹,

Khan²,

Nahian³

et al. 2016

J. Bangladesh Coll. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary:Thymoma is an epithelial neoplasm of the thymus, which commonly lies in the anterior mediastinum. Thymomas comprise about 1% of all mediastinal tumours. The current treatment of invasive thymoma is often multidisciplinary. This report presents a case of giant thymoma arising in the anterior mediastinum. Introduction:Thymomas are epithelial neoplasm of the thymus.The overall incidence of thymoma is rare, which approximately 0.15 cases per 100,000 of the population per year 1 . Thymoma account for about 20 percent of mediastinal neoplasm. Localization of thymoma resembles that of thymus itself with 75% of thymoma originating in anterior mediastinum,15% originating in both anterior and superior mediastinum, 6% originating in the superior mediastinum.Other 4% occur ectopically 2 . In general, thymomas are indolent tumors with local recurrence rather than metastasis. Thymic carcinomas, however, are typically invasive, with high risk of relapse and death 3,4 . Most thymomas patients are between 40 to 60 years of age, and there is slight male predominance. Invasive thymomas and thymic carcinomas are relatively rare tumors, which together represent about 0.2-1.5% of all malignancies 5 . The major

show abstract

Thymoma is associated with an increased risk of second malignancy

Cited by 95 publications

References 17 publications

Extrathoracic metastases of thymic origin: a review of 35 cases

Extrathoracic metastases of thymic origin: a review of 35 cases

Cellular and humoral immune alterations in thymectomized patients for thymoma

Thymoma Presenting as a Giant Intrathoracic Mass

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About