Thymol and linalool chemotypes of the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris (thyme) as anesthetic for Colossoma macropomum: Physiology and feed consumption

Tran

et al. 2023

IJMS

Appetite dysregulation is one of the factors contributing to anorexia, bulimia nervosa, obesity, and diabetes. Essential oils or fragrant compounds have been proven to regulate food intake and energy expenditure; hence, this study aimed to summarize their effects on appetite and the underlying mechanisms. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched until July 2022. Only two of the 41 studies were performed clinically, and the remaining 39 used animal models. Oral administration was the most common route, and a dosage range of 100–2000 mg/kg for mice or 2–32 mg/kg for rats was applied, with a duration of 12 days to 4 weeks, followed by inhalation (10−6–10−3 mg/cage or 10−9–10−2 mg/cm3 within 1 h). Approximately 11 essential oil samples and 22 fragrant compounds were found to increase appetite, while 12 essential oils and seven compounds decreased appetite. These fragrant components can exert appetite-regulating effects via leptin resistance, the activity of sympathetic/parasympathetic nerves, or the mRNA expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY)/agouti-related protein (AgRP), cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART)/proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the hypothalamus. Fragrance memory and cognitive processes may also play roles in appetite regulation. The findings of this study accentuate the potential of essential oils and fragrant compounds to regulate appetite and eating disorders.

Section: Essential Oils and Fragrant Compounds With No Effect On Appe...mentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of Essential Oils and Fragrant Compounds on Appetite: A Systematic Review

Tran

et al. 2023

IJMS

“…Thymus vulgaris L., commonly known as garden thyme, is an edible Lamiaceae herb grown in central and southern Europe, Africa, and Asia [5]. Thyme contains important components in its essential oils, including thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, and ã-terpinene [6], which have numerous healthy properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neurological and gastrointestinal properties [7,8]. Aerial parts and volatile components of thyme plants are commonly used in folk medicine to treat coughs, diabetes, colds, and chest infections [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Physiological Features and Essential Oil Content of Thymus vulgaris after Soil Amendment with Chitosan Nanoparticles under Chromium Toxicity

Haghaninia,

Rasouli,

Javanmard

et al. 2024

Horticulturae

An excessive amount of chromium in soil has detrimental effects on plant processes, and impairs food security, and public health. The application of nanoparticles may be a suitable solution and an innovative strategy by which to reduce plant abiotic stresses and pollution in the agricultural ecosystems. This research focuses on the effects of chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) on thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) plants grown in Cr-contaminated soil. The effects of CS-NPs as a soil amendment at four concentrations were investigated on plant nutrient uptake, photosynthesis parameters, antioxidant system, and essential oil (EO) content under soil Cr stress. The results show that chromium stress reduced fresh and dry weight of shoots, the uptake of macro-, and micro-elements, chlorophyll and carotenoids. The application of CS-NPs improved the antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced malondialdehyde, and increased the content of nutrients, EOs, photosynthetic pigments, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The intermediate dose of chitosan nanoparticles (0.1% w/v) best valorized the content and yield of thyme EOs under chromium stress. These results are indicative that the application of CS-NPs can represent a supportive approach for plant production in soils contaminated with heavy metals.

“…Thymus vulgaris, popularly known as thyme, is a plant species of the family Lamiacea (Azad et al 2014). The essential oil extracted from this plant can present different types of major components, such as thymol, which is a promising substance for use as an anesthetic for several species of sh (Azad et al 2014;Bagamboula et al 2004;Brandão et al 2021; Youse et al 2018), even tambaqui (Boaventura et al 2022a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris (thyme) and its nanoemulsion as an anesthetic during the cultivation of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum): Anesthesia induction and recovery curve, physiology, performance and feed consumption

Boaventura,

Oliveira,

Santos

et al. 2024

Preprint

Self Cite

The thymol chemotype of the essential oil of Thymus vulgaris (EOTV-T) and its nanoemulsion (NEOTV-T) were investigated as anesthetics in the management of Colossoma macropomum. The stability of nanoemulsions was analyzed by zeta potential and dynamic light scattering for an interval of 37 days prior to carrying out two anesthesia experiments. The first experiment determined anesthesia induction and recovery intervals for juveniles anesthetized with different concentrations of EOTV-T and NEOTV-T. Based on the obtained induction and recovery curve, the second experiment adopted concentrations of 75 mg/L of EOTV-T and 50 mg/L of NEOTV-T for use during biometric management every 10 days for 60 days of cultivation of juvenile C. macropomum. The results showed that NEOTV-T had an average diameter of less than 100 nm for up to 22 days and was more effective at inducing anesthesia than EOTV-T. The continuous use of anesthetics during biometrics did not affect juvenile performance in terms of growth, feed consumption and survival. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed in hematological and biochemical parameters between juveniles of the control treatment and those subjected to biometric management using 75 mg/L of EOTV-T and 50 mg/L of NEOTV-T. It can be concluded that the essential oil of T. vulgaris and its nanoemulsion can be used to facilitate the management of juvenile C. macropomum without compromising their performance or well-being. More studies need to be carried out to improve the stability of nanoemulsions of the essential oil of T. vulgaris and to evaluate their effects on acute stress.