Thymic Squamous Cell Carcinoma Producing Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein and CYFRA 21-1

Yoshiike, Fumiaki; Koizumi, Tomonobu; Yoneyama, Ayako; Komatu, Michiharu; Yamaguchi, Shinjiro; Hanaoka, Masayuki; Kubo, Keishi; S, Eda

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.43.493

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Thymomas are frequently associated with characteristic autoimmune phenomena like myasthenia gravis or pure red cell aplasia, which normally do not occur in thymic carcinomas. However, sporadic cases of polymyositis or hypercalcemia have been encountered in the latter [ 6 – 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroidal metastases from thymic carcinoma during pregnancy: Case Report

Haen¹,

Stroebel

Marx

et al. 2015

BMC Cancer

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BackgroundRare sites of metastases, atypical symptoms and paraneoplastic syndromes are often neglected or misinterpreted, especially when they represent early symptoms of an underlying malignant disease. Hence, an interdisciplinary approach to these patients is essential to avoid tumor progression and metastatic spread in order to provide curative treatment options to the patients. We here report the case of a young woman presenting with visual loss which led to diagnosis of a thymic carcinoma.Case presentationA 28-year old white woman presented with subacute loss of vision in the last trimester of her first pregnancy which was first interpreted as an exacerbation of a pre-existing dermatomyositis and treated with steroids. After failure of steroid therapy choroidal metastases from an undifferentiated thymic carcinoma were diagnosed. This also shed a new light on the dermatomyositis the patient had been suffering from for seven years possibly representing a paraneoplastic syndrome from the tumor. Despite aggressive chemotherapy, the patient died from progressive disease eight years after first onset of dermatomyositis and 14 months after initial diagnosis of the thymic carcinoma.ConclusionsChoroidal metastases from a thymic carcinoma have never been reported before but should be included into the differential diagnosis of choroidal masses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroidal metastases from thymic carcinoma during pregnancy: Case Report

Haen¹,

Stroebel

Marx

et al. 2015

BMC Cancer

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“…Several reports have described that elevated CYFRA 21‐1 level is associated with thymic carcinoma. Yoshiike et al 28 reported a case of thymic squamous cell carcinoma with an extremely high CYFRA 21‐1 level of 310 ng/ml (normal level, <3.5 ng/ml). However, the status of CYFRA 21‐1 after treatment has not yet been described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated serum CYFRA 21‐1 level as a diagnostic marker for thymic carcinoma

et al. 2021

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Background: No useful tumor markers have been identified for the diagnosis of thymic carcinomas. Serum cytokeratin 19 fragment, measured using the CYFRA 21-1 immunoassay, is used as a tumor marker for squamous cell carcinomas in various malignant tumors. Here, we evaluated the value of CYFRA 21-1 in diagnosing thymic carcinoma. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 94 patients with pathological diagnoses of thymic carcinoma or thymoma (32 and 62 patients, respectively) who were referred to our departments between January 2000 and March 2019. Primary outcomes included tumor marker levels and their diagnostic accuracy. Results: Patients with thymic carcinoma were significantly more likely to be male (thymic carcinoma, 68.8%; thymoma, 40.3%; p = 0.02), have an advanced TNM stage (p < 0.01), and a significantly higher CYFRA 21-1 level than those with thymoma (thymic carcinoma: median = 4.2 ng/ml; interquartile range [IQR] = 2.1-6.1 ng/ml vs. thymoma: median = 1.2 ng/ml; IQR = 0.9-1.7 ng/ml; p < 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated that the area under the curve for CYFRA 21-1 to distinguish thymic carcinoma from thymoma was 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-0.93; cutoff = 2.7 ng/ml; sensitivity = 68.8%; specificity = 95.2%). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that CYFRA 21-1 (odds ratio = 25.6; 95% CI: 4.6-141.6; p < 0.01) was an independent predictor for thymic carcinoma after adjusting for TNM stage. Conclusions: Serum CYFRA 21-1 level may help in diagnosing thymic carcinoma.

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“…Subsequently, PTHrP was detected in numerous tumour types like prostate cancer (20-22), epithelioid leiomyosarcoma (23), uterine carcinoma (24), cancer of the exocrine pancreas (10), pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (25,26), squamous cell carcinoma (27-31), medulloblastoma (32), craniopharingioma (33), rhabdomyosarcoma (34,35), haematological tumors (36)(37)(38), tumors of the neck and head (39)(40)(41)(42), carcinoma of ovary (43,44), gallbladder carcinoma (45), cholangiocellular carcinoma (46,47), colorectal adenocarcinoma (48-52), carcinoma of the stomach (53), and melanoma (54).…”

Section: Parathyroid Hormone-related Proteinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide and primary hyperparathyroidism

Testini¹,

Gurrado

Lissidini

et al. 2010

Front Biosci

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The parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) has been shown to be the major pathogenic factor to humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM). The presence of PTHrP in many normal tissues and in normal or abnormal parathyroids has been described in literature and its role has been investigated. PTHrP release from parathyroid cells into the extracellular space has been demonstrated to depend on the extracellular calcium concentration. The hormone binds to PTH type 1 Receptor (PTH1R) with a high affinity, as well as parathyroid hormone (PTH). These hormones' amino-terminal (1-34) peptide fragments are considered sufficient to achieve efficient receptor activation and action on mineral ion homeostasis. Generally, diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is based on hypercalcaemia and elevated levels of PTH. The advent of intact-PTH immunoradiometric assay allowed us to distinguish PHPT from non-parathyroid-dependent hypercalcaemia, but the presentation of normal PTH level and hypercalcaemia due to a parathyroid adenoma is possible. The aim of the study is to identify the relationship between the production of PTHrP without malignancy and the diagnosis of PHPT by a systematic review.

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Thymic Squamous Cell Carcinoma Producing Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein and CYFRA 21-1

Abstract: A 54-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea. Radiographic examination showed an anterior mediastinal mass and pericardial effusion.

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Choroidal metastases from thymic carcinoma during pregnancy: Case Report

Choroidal metastases from thymic carcinoma during pregnancy: Case Report

Elevated serum CYFRA 21‐1 level as a diagnostic marker for thymic carcinoma

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide and primary hyperparathyroidism

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