Thymic Dendritic Cells Present Blood-Borne Antigens to Medullary Thymocytes In Vivo: A Possible Role in the Generation of the T-Cell Repertoire

Kyewski, Bruno

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70385-0_99

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…MG is estimated to occur in approximately 50% of patients with predominantly cortical-type thymoma. 8 Several theories abound regarding the cause of autoimmune disorders, 4 and include a tendency toward release and circulation of immature CD4 + T cells that have bypassed critical steps for the induction of self-tolerance 9,10 ; underexpression of HLA-DR in neoplastic thymic epithelial cells, resulting in abnormal positive and negative selection 11 ; and the initiation of humoral autoimmune cascades (CD4 + initiated B-cell autoantibody production) by thymoma-derived, self-reacting CD8 + cytotoxic T cells. 4,12 Cases of autoimmune hematologic phenomena have also been documented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymoma Complicated by Acquired Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia and Pure Red Cell Aplasia

Gay¹,

William²,

Wang³

et al. 2014

J Natl Compr Canc Netw

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Although the association of pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) and aplastic anemia with thymoma is well-known, acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (AAMT) is not a recognized paraneoplastic manifestation of thymoma. This report discusses a patient with recurrent thymoma complicated by myasthenia gravis, PRCA, and AAMT. Both PRCA and AAMT are diagnosed after a thymoma recurrence, 11 years after complete resection of the initial tumor and 9 months after chemotherapy for the relapsed disease. Both PRCA and AAMT responded to immunosuppression with cyclosporine, corticosteroid, and an abbreviated course of antithymocyte globulin, achieving a very good erythroid response and a complete remission for AAMT, suggesting that AAMT, although extremely rare, can be an immune-mediated paraneoplastic manifestation of thymoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymoma Complicated by Acquired Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia and Pure Red Cell Aplasia

Gay¹,

William²,

Wang³

et al. 2014

J Natl Compr Canc Netw

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“…42 The 'escape theory' suggests that immaturity of thymoma-derived cells results from a lack of thymocyte passage through the medullary areas in which self-tolerance is induced by dendritic cells. 43 Thus, thymoma-derived thymocytes may escape into the circulation, where they avoid critical medullary selection and maturation and thus become autoreactive.…”

Section: Plausible Mechanisms By Which Thymoma May Induce Autoimmunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymoma and autoimmunity

et al. 2011

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“…The high proliferation rate of thymocytes in the thymoma cortex is a high factor for genetic mutations (7). In addition, it has been reported that thymocytes acquire self-reactivity in the hyperproliferative region of the thymic cortex (8). Furthermore, neoplastic epithelial cells in thymoma have been reported to be genetically different from the normal thymus cells, due to the slight reduction observed in the expression of HLA-DR (human leukocyte antigen-DR) molecules in the former.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical treatment is effective in treating thymoma accompanied with non-myasthenia gravis autoimmune diseases: a single-center clinical experience

et al. 2020

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Background and Aims: Although thymoma is inextricably linked to autoimmune disease, its best treatment method remains unclear. In this study, we sought to evaluate therapeutic effect of surgical resection of thymoma on non-myasthenia gravis autoimmune diseases. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study covering 32 patients with thymoma accompanied with non-myasthenia gravis autoimmune disease. The relationships between surgical treatment, thymoma pathological type, and prognosis of autoimmune diseases were analyzed from postoperative follow-up data. Results: In total, 32 patients in this study underwent surgical treatment. The mean age of the patients was 51.7 years. By the last follow-up, 2 patients had died, while the other 30 patients showed no sign of tumor recurrence and metastasis. According to the postoperative follow-up data, 22 patients (68.75%) showed improvement or even complete recovery of autoimmune disease symptoms, 9 patients (28.13%) showed no significant change, and only 1 patient’s (3.12%) postoperative symptom was aggravated. Female patients and patients aged 50 and older were more likely to combine with non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases (p = 0.036, p = 0.017). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study presents that surgical treatment achieves a satisfactory prognosis for thymoma combined with non-myasthenia gravis autoimmune disease.

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Thymic Dendritic Cells Present Blood-Borne Antigens to Medullary Thymocytes In Vivo: A Possible Role in the Generation of the T-Cell Repertoire

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Thymoma Complicated by Acquired Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia and Pure Red Cell Aplasia

Thymoma Complicated by Acquired Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia and Pure Red Cell Aplasia

Thymoma and autoimmunity

Surgical treatment is effective in treating thymoma accompanied with non-myasthenia gravis autoimmune diseases: a single-center clinical experience

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