Throughput, Coverage and Scalability of LoRa LPWAN for Internet of Things

Yousuf, Asif M.; Rochester, Edward M.; Ousat, Behnam; Ghaderi, Majid

doi:10.1109/iwqos.2018.8624157

Cited by 68 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…LoRaWAN is very popular under European researchers, and as a result, most simulators are built assuming operation in the EU863-870 MHz band. One exception to this is [53], which simulates 915 MHz North American networks but does not support downlink traffic. This simulator is, however, open-source, and thus can be modified to investigate ACKs.…”

Section: Impact Of Downlink Traffic On Network Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on the Viability of Confirmed Traffic in a LoRaWAN

2020

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Internet of Things (IoT) deployments are on the rise globally with Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) providing the wireless networks needed for this expansion. One of these technologies namely Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) has proven to be a very popular choice. The LoRaWAN protocol allows for confirmed traffic from the end device to the gateway (uplink) and the reverse (downlink), increasing the number of IoT use cases that it can support. However, this comes at a cost as downlink traffic severely impacts scalability due to in part a gateway's duty cycle restrictions. This paper highlights some of the use cases that require confirmed traffic, examines the recent works focused on LoRaWAN confirmed traffic and discusses the mechanism with which is implemented. It was found that confirmed traffic is viable in small networks, especially when data transfer is infrequent. Additionally, the following aspects negatively impact the viability of confirmed traffic in large networks: the duty cycle restrictions placed on gateways, the use of spreading factor 12 for receive window 2 transmissions, a high maximum number of transmissions (NbTrans) and the ACK_TIMEOUT transmission backoff interval. The paper also raises and suggests solutions to open research challenges that must be overcome to increase the viability of confirmed traffic.

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Section: Impact Of Downlink Traffic On Network Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on the Viability of Confirmed Traffic in a LoRaWAN

2020

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“…, D}, then the scout discovers a new food source to be replaced with z i . This operation can be defined as in (14) [2,3]: (14) There are three control parameters in the ABC: the number of food sources, which is equal to the number of employed or onlooker bees (n) and the value of limit for the maximum cycle number (N max cycle ). Figure 2 shows the flow chart of the ABC algorithm.…”

Section: Algorithm Abcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, Petajajarvi et al [13] analysed the particularities of LoRa technology and the scalability of the LoRa wide-area network. The measurement data collected from a citywide LoRa deployment in order to characterize the throughput and coverage of LoRa was developed in [14]. In this sense, Hoeller et al [15] proposed to employ message replication and gateways with multiple receive antennas to achieve, respectively, time and spatial diversity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Performance Optimization LoRa Network by Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm to Determination of the Load Profiles in Dwellings

Caño

Sánchez-Sutil

2020

Energies

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This paper presents a system to improve the performance of the Long Range (LoRa) network using an algorithm derived from the artificial bee colony (ABC), which obtains a minimum packet lost rate (PLR) in the LoRa network and allows to more accurately determine load profiles of dwellings, with smaller a time measurement and less data transmission. The developed algorithm calculates the configuration parameters of the LoRa network, monitoring in real time the data traffic, and is implemented in gateway LoRa network monitor (GLNM). Intelligent measurement equipment has been developed to determine the dwelling load profiles. This energy measurement device for dwelling (EMDD) measures the variables and consumption of electricity in each home with measurement times that can be configured. This research also develops the GLNM gateway, which monitors and receives data from the EMDDs installed and uploads them to the cloud using Firebase. This developed system allows to perform demand forecasting studies, analysis of home consumption, optimization of electricity tariffs, etc., applied to smart grids.

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“…[24], this would be the frequency range allocated to Colombia for this technology. Literature reviewed [25][26][27][28] on LoRa recommends some values for SF and BW; however, we performed some tests modifying those values (experiment 2, Executed Experiments section), with the aim of optimizing range, message size, and frequency of sending messages. We determined that the appropriate values were 7 for the SF (which can be set between 1 and 12) and 125 KHz for the BW (which can be 125 KHz, 250 KHz, or 500 KHz).…”

Section: Journal Of Computer Network and Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proof of Concept of an IoT-Based Public Vehicle Tracking System, Using LoRa (Long Range) and Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Services

Salazar-Cabrera

Cruz

Molina

2019

Journal of Computer Networks and Communications

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Systems trying to solve mobility issues in cities, such as high levels of accidents and traffic congestion, have been developed worldwide. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) services focused on urban public transport are an option contributing to solve such issues. A few intermediate cities in the Latin American context have developed some of these ITS services, which are mainly based on a tracking system for public transport vehicles. Such tracking systems have great limitations in terms of coverage, availability, and operational cost. In addition, they are commonly isolated mobility solutions, which cannot be easily integrated with other mobility services in the city because they are not based on an ITS architecture. In order to improve public transportation systems in intermediate cities, we proposed the development of an IoT-based public vehicle tracking system, using LoRa (Long Range) and ITS services. In this research, we developed the proposed system as a proof of concept. We designed and executed some experiments, in order to adjust parameters of the LoRa technology and to test its operation. is article presents the methods we followed for developing the proof-of-concept model, a description of the experiments, and their results. e results lead to conclude that the LoRa technology and an IoT-based system are adequate for implementation of a mobility service such as the one we propose, once important technical restrictions related mainly to Line of Sight (LoS) are considered. Key aspects for implementation were also identified for deploying the service (as a prototype) in the city of Popayán.

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Throughput, Coverage and Scalability of LoRa LPWAN for Internet of Things

Cited by 68 publications

References 7 publications

A Survey on the Viability of Confirmed Traffic in a LoRaWAN

A Survey on the Viability of Confirmed Traffic in a LoRaWAN

Performance Optimization LoRa Network by Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm to Determination of the Load Profiles in Dwellings

Proof of Concept of an IoT-Based Public Vehicle Tracking System, Using LoRa (Long Range) and Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Services

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