Throughput and Delay Performance of Cooperative HARQ in Satellite-HAP-Vehicle FSO Systems

Nguyen, Hung D.; Let, Hoang D.; Nguyen, Chuyen T.; Pham, Anh T.

doi:10.1109/vtc2021-fall52928.2021.9625366

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In addition, the M-C-ARQ protocols investigated in [57] can achieve a better performance than the conventional C-ARQ ones in the context of cooperative FSO-based terrestrial systems. Regarding the high-latency satellite-based FSO communications, the use of cooperative IR-HARQ is preferable to maintain high performance, as confirmed in [112] for HAP-based relaying satelliteto-vehicles FSO systems.…”

Section: B Design Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…2) Cooperative Systems: Several studies on the design of HARQ protocols for cooperative FSO communications, either for terrestrial broadcasting systems using SW mechanism [110] or long-distance satellite systems using sliding window mechanism [112], have been reported.…”

Section: B Harq Protocols In Fso Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The design of the C-HARQ based sliding window mechanism was addressed in HAP relay-assisted satellite FSO systems for the Internet of Vehicle (IoV) applications [112]. The satellite-HAP-vehicle system consists of two links: satellite-to-HAP and HAP-tovehicle links.…”

Section: C-harq-based Sliding Windowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• The state-of-art on HARQ protocols revealed that IR-HARQ is the most efficient variant for different FSO system scenarios, thanks to retransmissions of only redundancy codewords for jointly decoding with the previously received ones. • Aside from [112], [113], [129], most of the studies addressed the use of SW mechanism for the operation of HARQ protocols for the sake of simplicity in the analysis. • A lot of studies on the HARQ protocol focussed on analyzing its performance over turbulence fading channels from an information-theoretic approach, e.g., [101], [102], [104], [107], [110], [111].…”

Section: Summary and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Link-Layer Retransmission-Based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Pham

2022

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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Free space optical (FSO) communication has established a reputation for itself capable of delivering high-speed data services over long distances without exhausting radio frequency (RF) resources. FSO communication can be considered in different network scenarios, including inter-satellite/deep-space links, ground-station/vehicles, satellite/aerial links, and terrestrial links. It is expected to be one of the key enabling technologies for the next generation of 6G wireless networks. Nevertheless, despite the great potential of FSO communications, its performance suffers from various limitations and challenges: atmospheric turbulence, clouds, weather conditions, and pointing misalignment. The error-control solutions, including physical layer (PHY) and linklayer methods, aim to mitigate the transmission errors caused by such adverse issues. While the existing surveys on errorcontrol solutions in FSO systems primarily focussed on the PHY methods, we instead provide a review of link-layer solutions. In particular, we conduct an extensive literature survey of state-ofthe-art retransmission protocols, both automatic repeat request (ARQ) and hybrid ARQ (HARQ), for various FSO communication scenarios, including point-to-point terrestrial, cooperative, multi-hop relaying, hybrid FSO/RF, satellite/aerial, and deepspace systems. Furthermore, we provide a survey of recent literature and insightful discussion on the cross-layer design frameworks related to link-layer retransmission protocols in FSO communication networks. Finally, the lessons learned, design guidelines, related open issues, and future research directions are exposed.

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Section: B Design Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: B Harq Protocols In Fso Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: C-harq-based Sliding Windowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Summary and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Link-Layer Retransmission-Based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Pham

2022

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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“…The CC-HARQ using multi-frame interleaving is an efficient solution for satellite FSO systems [131] Average sum rate ✓ ✓ ✓ Propose a novel cooperative HARQ, which is applicable for both CC and IR [132], [133] Throughput, Delay, Energy Efficiency ✓ ✓ Propose a novel design of IR-HARQ based sliding window mechanism for satellite systems [134] Throughput, Delay ✓ ✓ ✓ A design proposal of cooperative IR-HARQ protocols for satellite-HAP-vehicle FSO systems From that fact, Zedini et al investigated the performance of HARQ protocols over FSO turbulence channels, taking into consideration the impact of pointing misalignment [122]. Two widely deployed schemes, i.e., CC and IR, of HARQ protocols were analyzed from an information-theoretic perspective.…”

Section: ✓ ✓mentioning

confidence: 99%

Link-Layer Retransmission-based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Le¹

2021

Preprint

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Free-space optical (FSO) communications have gained significant interest over the last few years, thanks to the capability to transport extremely high-speed data over long distances without exhausting radio frequency (RF) resources. FSO communication is widely considered in various network scenarios, such as inter-satellite/deep-space links, ground-station/vehicles, satellite/aerial links, or terrestrial links. It is expected to be a key enabling technology for the next generation of 6G wireless networks. Nevertheless, despite the great potential of FSO communications, its performance suffers from various limitations and challenges: atmospheric turbulence, clouds, weather conditions, and pointing misalignment. The error-control solutions, including physical layer (PHY) and link-layer methods, aim to mitigate the transmission errors caused by such adverse issues. While the existing surveys on error-control solutions in FSO systems primarily focussed on the PHY methods, we instead provide a review of link-layer solutions. In particular, we conduct an extensive literature survey of state-of-the-art retransmission protocols, both automatic repeat request (ARQ) and hybrid ARQ (HARQ), for various FSO communication scenarios, including point-to-point terrestrial, cooperative, multi-hop relaying, hybrid FSO/RF, satellite/aerial, and deep-space systems. Furthermore, we provide a survey of recent literature and insightful discussion on the cross-layer design frameworks related to link-layer retransmission protocols in FSO communication networks. Finally, the lessons learned, design guidelines, related open issues, and future research directions are exposed.

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Cooperative HARQ-Aided Multiple UAVs in Optical Aerospace Backhaul Networks

Dang,

Le,

Nguyen

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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With the growing demand for high-speed connectivity and global coverage in future 6G networks, free-space optics (FSO)-based aerospace integrated networks, incorporating low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, high-altitude platforms (HAP), and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), have recently attracted research efforts worldwide. Nevertheless, critical challenges on FSO links include weather conditions, atmospheric turbulence, and pointing misalignment. This paper addresses the design of errorcontrol protocols for reliable FSO-based aerospace backhaul networks, when multiple UAVs are deployed as flying base stations (BSs). Specifically, we introduce a design proposal of a cooperative hybrid automatic repeat request (C-HARQ)-based frame allocation mechanism (FAM)/rate adaptation. The design proposal guarantees the latency fairness constraints among multiple UAVs experiencing varying turbulence channel conditions. An analytical channel model for HAP-aided relaying LEO satellite to the emerging UAVmounted BS FSO links is provided. Moreover, we develop a comprehensive analytical framework taking into account the imperfect channel state information (CSI) to assess system performance metrics, including throughput, average frame delay, and energy efficiency. Numerical results confirm the effectiveness of our design proposal by comparing it with the conventional approach without FAM for various turbulence channel conditions and quality of service (QoS) requirements. Additionally, we offer a design guideline for the proper selection of parameters that can be helpful for the practical design of reliable FSO-based aerospace backhaul networks. Finally, the theoretical results are verified by Monte-Carlo simulations, along with some in-depth discussions.INDEX TERMS Aerospace backhaul networks, free-space optics (FSO), UAV-mounted BS, cooperative HARQ, frame allocation mechanism, rate adaptation, imperfect CSI.

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Throughput and Delay Performance of Cooperative HARQ in Satellite-HAP-Vehicle FSO Systems

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Link-Layer Retransmission-Based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Link-Layer Retransmission-Based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Link-Layer Retransmission-based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey

Cooperative HARQ-Aided Multiple UAVs in Optical Aerospace Backhaul Networks

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