THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: Real-Time Imaging in Brachypodium Roots and Osmotic Stress Analysis

Khan, Zaeema; Elitaş, Meltem; Yüce, Meral; Budak, Hikmet

doi:10.3390/plants8010014

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…An earlier study on soil-and sand-grown wheat roots found discoloration, but no algal attachment to the root surface [17]. It is possible and probable that algal cell attachment can cause a certain amount of biotic stress response of wheat and Brachypodium roots [48]. Furthermore, microbial and algal cells are known to produce plant-active effectors such as auxin-like molecules affecting root phenotypes [44].…”

Section: P-form Complexity Within Algae Biomass Offers Potential For ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Growth and Architecture of Wheat and Brachypodium Vary in Response to Algal Fertilizer in Soil and Solution

et al. 2022

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Alternative, recycled sources for mined phosphorus (P) fertilizers are needed to sustain future crop growth. Quantification of phenotypic adaptations and performance of plants with a recycled nutrient source is required to identify breeding targets and agronomy practices for new fertilization strategies. In this study, we tested the phenotypic responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and its genetic model, Brachypodium (Brachypodium distachyon), to dried algal biomass (with algae or high or low mineral P) under three growing conditions (fabricated ecosystems (EcoFABs), hydroponics, and sand). For both species, algal-grown plants had similar shoot biomass to mineral-grown plants, taking up more P than the low mineral P plants. Root phenotypes however were strongly influenced by nutrient form, especially in soilless conditions. Algae promoted the development of shorter and thicker roots, notably first and second order lateral roots. Root hairs were 21% shorter in Brachypodium, but 24% longer in wheat with algae compared to mineral high P. Our results are encouraging to new recycled fertilization strategies, showing algae is a nutrient source to wheat and Brachypodium. Variation in root phenotypes showed algal biomass is sensed by roots and is taken up at a higher amount per root length than mineral P. These phenotypes can be selected and further adapted in phenotype-based breeding for future renewal agriculture systems.

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Section: P-form Complexity Within Algae Biomass Offers Potential For ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Growth and Architecture of Wheat and Brachypodium Vary in Response to Algal Fertilizer in Soil and Solution

et al. 2022

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“…Many of the microfluidic devices used for studying the rhizosphere share a similar design concept ( Khan et al, 2019 ). They have an opening port, sometimes with pipette tips inserted into the PDMS body where the seed of the seedling rests and a microchannel where the primary root grows into.…”

Section: Next Generation Of Plant Growth Chambersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dimension of the channel depends on the type and age of the plant. For example, an Arabidopsis thaliana’s seedling is typically grown in a microfluidic device up to 10 days, with chamber dimension around 150 to 200 μm in height, whereas the Brachypodium distachyon seedling chamber is 1 mm in height due to its thicker roots ( Massalha et al, 2017 ; Khan et al, 2019 ). Media and/or inoculation of the microbiome is achieved through additional channels to the main chamber.…”

Section: Next Generation Of Plant Growth Chambersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specialized Plant Growth Chamber Designs to Study Complex Rhizosphere Interactions

Kim

Singh

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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The rhizosphere is a dynamic ecosystem shaped by complex interactions between plant roots, soil, microbial communities and other micro- and macro-fauna. Although studied for decades, critical gaps exist in the study of plant roots, the rhizosphere microbiome and the soil system surrounding roots, partly due to the challenges associated with measuring and parsing these spatiotemporal interactions in complex heterogeneous systems such as soil. To overcome the challenges associated with in situ study of rhizosphere interactions, specialized plant growth chamber systems have been developed that mimic the natural growth environment. This review discusses the currently available lab-based systems ranging from widely known rhizotrons to other emerging devices designed to allow continuous monitoring and non-destructive sampling of the rhizosphere ecosystems in real-time throughout the developmental stages of a plant. We categorize them based on the major rhizosphere processes it addresses and identify their unique challenges as well as advantages. We find that while some design elements are shared among different systems (e.g., size exclusion membranes), most of the systems are bespoke and speaks to the intricacies and specialization involved in unraveling the details of rhizosphere processes. We also discuss what we describe as the next generation of growth chamber employing the latest technology as well as the current barriers they face. We conclude with a perspective on the current knowledge gaps in the rhizosphere which can be filled by innovative chamber designs.

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“…The expression profiles of AKR genes in leaves and roots subjected to control conditions, salt, dehydration, and ABA treatments were also investigated, to provide insight into the potential roles of AKRs in the abiotic-stress regulation of plants. Studies have shown that resistant breeding of genes with significant changes in transcription levels under stress may be of great significance [28][29][30]. The main purpose of this study is to explore and identify candidate genes in regulation of salt, drought, and ABA stresses and provide the basis for the further elucidation of the biological function of MtAKRs and their regulation in abiotic stresses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Aldo–Keto Reductase Gene Family and Their Responses to Salt, Drought, and Abscisic Acid Stresses in Medicago truncatula

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Salt and drought stresses are two primary abiotic stresses that inhibit growth and reduce the activity of photosynthetic apparatus in plants. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a key role in abiotic stress regulation in plants. Some aldo–keto reductases (AKRs) can enhance various abiotic stresses resistance by scavenging cytotoxic aldehydes in some plants. However, there are few comprehensive reports of plant AKR genes and their expression patterns in response to abiotic stresses. In this study, we identified 30 putative AKR genes from Medicago truncatula. The gene characteristics, coding protein motifs, and expression patterns of these MtAKRs were analyzed to explore and identify candidate genes in regulation of salt, drought, and ABA stresses. The phylogenetic analysis result indicated that the 52 AKRs in Medicago truncatula and Arabidopsis thaliana can be divided into three groups and six subgroups. Fifteen AKR genes in M. truncatula were randomly selected from each group or subgroup, to investigate their response to salt (200 mM of NaCl), drought (50 g·L−1 of PEG 6000), and ABA (100 µM) stresses in both leaves and roots. The results suggest that MtAKR1, MtAKR5, MtAKR11, MtAKR14, MtAKR20, and MtAKR29 may play important roles in response to these stresses.

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THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: Real-Time Imaging in Brachypodium Roots and Osmotic Stress Analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

Root Growth and Architecture of Wheat and Brachypodium Vary in Response to Algal Fertilizer in Soil and Solution

Root Growth and Architecture of Wheat and Brachypodium Vary in Response to Algal Fertilizer in Soil and Solution

Specialized Plant Growth Chamber Designs to Study Complex Rhizosphere Interactions

Analysis of Aldo–Keto Reductase Gene Family and Their Responses to Salt, Drought, and Abscisic Acid Stresses in Medicago truncatula

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