Through the Looking Glass: Genome, Phenome, and Interactome of Salmonella enterica

Guard, Jean

doi:10.3390/pathogens11050581

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…Based on variations in the sequence of the 16S rRNA gene, the Salmonella genus is classified into two species, Salmonella bongori and Salmonella enterica (type species). S. enterica can be categorized into six subspecies depending on their biochemical properties and genetic relationship [20][21][22]. The subspecies are designated with Roman numerals, as follows: I, S. enterica subsp.…”

Section: Classification and Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Salmonellosis: A Continuous Global Threat in the Farm-to-Fork Food Safety Continuum

Al-Hindi

Albiheyri

Alharbi

et al. 2023

Foods

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Salmonella is one of the most common zoonotic foodborne pathogens and a worldwide public health threat. Salmonella enterica is the most pathogenic among Salmonella species, comprising over 2500 serovars. It causes typhoid fever and gastroenteritis, and the serovars responsible for the later disease are known as non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS). Salmonella transmission to humans happens along the farm-to-fork continuum via contaminated animal- and plant-derived foods, including poultry, eggs, fish, pork, beef, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and flour. Several virulence factors have been recognized to play a vital role in attaching, invading, and evading the host defense system. These factors include capsule, adhesion proteins, flagella, plasmids, and type III secretion systems that are encoded on the Salmonella pathogenicity islands. The increased global prevalence of NTS serovars in recent years indicates that the control approaches centered on alleviating the food animals’ contamination along the food chain have been unsuccessful. Moreover, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella variants suggests a potential food safety crisis. This review summarizes the current state of the knowledge on the nomenclature, microbiological features, virulence factors, and the mechanism of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella. Furthermore, it provides insights into the pathogenesis and epidemiology of Salmonella infections. The recent outbreaks of salmonellosis reported in different clinical settings and geographical regions, including Africa, the Middle East and North Africa, Latin America, Europe, and the USA in the farm-to-fork continuum, are also highlighted.

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Section: Classification and Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A particular subtype of the K-antigen called the virulence (Vi) antigen is detected only in three pathogenic serotypes (not all strains), namely Dublin, Typhi, and Paratyphi C [27]. and genetic relationship [20][21][22]. The subspecies are designated with Roman numerals, as follows: I, S. enterica subsp.…”

Section: Classification and Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Human Salmonellosis: A Continuous Global Threat in the Farm-to-Fork Food Safety Continuum

Al-Hindi

Albiheyri

Alharbi

et al. 2023

Foods

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Exposing the small protein load of bacterial life

Simoens,

Fijalkowski,

Van Damme

2023

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

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The ever-growing repertoire of genomic techniques continues to expand our understanding of the true diversity and richness of prokaryotic genomes. Riboproteogenomics laid the foundation for dynamic studies of previously overlooked genomic elements. Most strikingly, bacterial genomes were revealed to harbor robust repertoires of small open reading frames (sORFs) encoding a diverse and broadly expressed range of small proteins, or sORF-encoded polypeptides (SEPs). In recent years, continuous efforts led to great improvements in the annotation and characterization of such proteins, yet many challenges remain to fully comprehend the pervasive nature of small proteins and their impact on bacterial biology. In this work, we review the recent developments in the dynamic field of bacterial genome reannotation, catalog the important biological roles carried out by small proteins and identify challenges obstructing the way to full understanding of these elusive proteins.

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Through the Looking Glass: Genome, Phenome, and Interactome of Salmonella enterica

Cited by 2 publications

References 109 publications

Human Salmonellosis: A Continuous Global Threat in the Farm-to-Fork Food Safety Continuum

Human Salmonellosis: A Continuous Global Threat in the Farm-to-Fork Food Safety Continuum

Exposing the small protein load of bacterial life

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