Thromboembolic events in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

Background/Aims:Inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease) is characterized by a chronic inflammatory condition, and is accompanied by abnormalities in coagulation and a hyper-coagulable state. This study was conducted to examine the risk factors for developing Thromboembolic Events in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in a population with prevalent consanguinity.Patients and Methods:Patients with a definitive diagnosis of IBD who were seen in the gastroenterology clinic of King Khalid University Hospital (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) from 2010- to 2012, were asked to participate in this prospective cohort study, and were followed for one 1 year. Data was collected using specifically designed case report forms (CRF) by trained research personnel.Results:A total of 100 Saudi patients with IBD were studied. There were 51 (51%) women and the mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of the group was 31.24 ± 10.78 years. Those with Crohn's disease constituted 72% of the patients, and 28% had ulcerative colitis. Eight patients (8%) had at least one Thrombotic Event ([six deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and two pulmonary embolism (PE)]. Family history of deep venous thrombosis was present in 5%, and family history of pulmonary embolism (PE) in 4% of the patients. After adjusting for age and gender, a family history of Thrombotic event was identified as to be the only statistically significant predictor of thrombosis in IBD patients (RR = 9.22, 95% CI: 2.10--40.43).Conclusion:In a population with high consanguinity, Thromboembolic events (DVT and PE) had a prevalence of 8% among IBD patients, positive family history of pulmonary embolism was a predictor of thrombosis. Further studies are needed to explore the role of genetic factors in this population.

The risk of venous thromboembolic events in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Venous thrombosis is commonly observed in deep veins of the lower extremities (deep venous thrombosis [DVT]) and the pulmonary arterial circulation (pulmonary embolism [PE]). Less frequently, cerebrovascular, portal, mesenteric, hepatic and retinal vein thrombosis is observed [ 10 , 11 ]. Even though several observational studies and a couple of meta-analyses have investigated the relationship between VTE and IBD [ 12 - 14 ], the exact risk estimate of VTE in the IBD population remains ambiguous because of methodological differences and heterogeneity across studies.…”

Inflammatory bowel disease and thromboembolic events: a c’lot to learn

“… 4 – 6 The reported prevalence of thromboembolic events (TEs) in IBD patients ranges between 1% and 8%. 5 , 7 Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are the most frequently described TE in IBD. Nevertheless, retinal veins, mesenteric veins, portal veins, and arteries can also be affected.…”

Postoperative Evaluation and Management of Portomesenteric Venous Thrombosis in Patients With IBD

“…1 However, advancements in imaging technology and heightened surveillance suggest that up to 39% of patients with IBD may experience a thromboembolic event during their lifetime. 2 Risk of thromboembolic events in patients with IBD is 3 to 4 times that of the general population. 2 Inflammatory bowel disease puts patients at increased risk for thromboembolic events due to the inflammatory process, prolonged immobilization, use of corticosteroids, and fluid depletion.…”