Thrombocytopenic Bleedings in Young Pigs due to Maternal Isoimmunization

Stormorken, Helge; Svenkerud, R; Slagsvold, P.; Lie, Halldis; Lundevall, J

doi:10.1038/1981116b0

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Thrombocytopenic purpura in suckling piglets is an immune-mediated disease that has been known in veterinary medicine for about 50 years [1][2][3]. The disease is characterized by massive haemorrhages in suckling piglets, caused by a thrombocytopenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrombocytopenic purpura on an organic farm with pen mating: a case report on the re-emergence of an old disease

et al. 2020

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Background: Thrombocytopenia is an immune-mediated disease, which affects suckling piglets. Piglets are pale and inactive, show multiple hemorrhages and often die within days. Pathological examination reveals severe haemorrhages and oedema in several organs. Severe thrombocytopenia and elongated bleeding time characterize the disease haematologically. The sow produces antibodies against the thrombocyte antigens of the boar, which are present in the blood of the piglets. These isoimmune antibodies attack the platelets and megakaryocytes of the piglets, causing thrombocytopenia in succeeding matings of the same boar and sow. There is no known therapy against this condition. In the last few decades, the disease has become rare due to the increase of artificial insemination. Case presentation: On an organic breeding farm in Switzerland with a high percentage of natural pen matings, piglets of three litters showed haemorrhages on the skin, prolonged bleeding time and were generally in a reduced general state. A pathological examination revealed multifocal haemorrhages in the stomach, kidneys, dermis, mesenterium and spinal cord. Haematology showed a massive thrombocytopenia and regenerative anaemia. Due to these findings the diagnosis of thrombocytopenic purpura was established. To avoid further matings of the same boar and sow and thus more affected piglets, out of three possible boars the responsible sire had to be determined. This was achieved through array genotyping and subsequent computation of identity by descent and calculation of Mendelian errors for parentage verification. Thereby the responsible boar was identified and as a consequence removed from the farm. Further preventive measures, that had been established, included the recording of all matings and regular exchange of boars. Conclusion: The decreased number of natural matings with the surge of artificial insemination has probably reduced the number of cases of thrombocytopenic purpura and thus the disease awareness of farmers and veterinarians. However, as consumers wish for better animal welfare and higher ecological standards we may see a rise in natural matings and thus a return of the disease. In case of affected litters, genetic testing was proven a valid method for investigation and prevention of more cases and may be used more in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrombocytopenic purpura on an organic farm with pen mating: a case report on the re-emergence of an old disease

et al. 2020

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“…The investigation comprises the cases reported by STORMORKEN et al 5, with addition of the material examined in the Department of Pathology during the time since the first description was published. The material was collected during the years 1960-63 and includes 17 animals from 8 different litters, aged between 8 and 20 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Baby Pigs Caused by Maternal Isoimmunization

Nordstoga

1965

Pathologia veterinaria

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The pathologic findings in thrombocytopenic purpura in baby pigs, caused by maternal isoimmunization in repeated pregnancies are described. Autopsy showed the picture of a hemorrhagic diathesis. Characteristic findings were paleness of various tissues, scattered hemorrhages in the skin, subcutaneous and muscular tissues and hemorrhages in mucous membranes of the respiratory system, urogenital tract and alimentary canal. The lymph nodes were enlarged and hemorrhagic. The most outstanding histologic finding was a disappearance of the megakaryocytes from the bone marrow.

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“…Zu Beginn der sechziger Jahre beschrieben Stormorken et al (19) Der auffälligste histologische Befund wurde bei der Untersuchung des Knochenmarks gestellt: Die Megakaryozyten zeigten pyknotische Kerne und waren mengenmäßig verringert, teils ließen sich keine Megakaryozyten im Ausstrich nachweisen (14).…”

Section: Vorkommen Und Häufigkeitunclassified

“…Schwere Verlaufsformen können innerhalb weniger Tage zum Tod führen. Zuerst betroffen sind in der Regel die größten Ferkel eines Wurfes mit zunächst guter körperlicher Verfassung(16,19). Weniger schwere oder klinisch inapparente Krankheitsbilder werden seltener beschrieben.Bei der Sektion findet sich das klassische Bild einer hämorrhagischen Diathese.…”

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Immunthrombozytopenie bei neugeborenen Ferkeln

Amrhein¹,

Bostedt²

2003

Tierarztl Prax Ausg G

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ZusammenfassungDie neonatale Alloimmunthrombozytopenie (NAIT) wurde bisher bei Saugferkeln, Fohlen und Kindern beschrieben. Charakteristisch ist ein gesteigerter Thrombozytenabbau aufgrund einer fetomaternalen Inkompatibilität mit Immunisierung der Mutter gegen plättchenspezifische Alloantigene des Fetus, was zum klinischen Bild einer hämorrhagischen Diathese führt. Anhand einer Literaturübersicht wird die Erkrankung NAIT detailliert vorgestellt.

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Thrombocytopenic Bleedings in Young Pigs due to Maternal Isoimmunization

Cited by 20 publications

References 3 publications

Thrombocytopenic purpura on an organic farm with pen mating: a case report on the re-emergence of an old disease

Thrombocytopenic purpura on an organic farm with pen mating: a case report on the re-emergence of an old disease

Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Baby Pigs Caused by Maternal Isoimmunization

Immunthrombozytopenie bei neugeborenen Ferkeln

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