Thresholded Quantum LIDAR: Exploiting Photon-Number-Resolving Detection

Cohen, Lior; Matekole, Elisha S.; Sher, Yoni; Istrati, D.; Eisenberg, Henryk; Dowling, Jonathan P.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.123.203601

Cited by 41 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Taking inspiration from quantum imaging, in which quantum states are used to improve image resolution and sensitivity, a similar principle can be implemented in future LiDAR detectors able to detect photon coincidence and to discriminate classical background illumination light from source’s quantum states [ 76 ].…”

Section: Discussion On Next Generation Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPADs and SiPMs Arrays for Long-Range High-Speed Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)

Villa

Severini

Madonini

et al. 2021

Sensors

108

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Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is a 3D imaging technique, widely used in many applications such as augmented reality, automotive, machine vision, spacecraft navigation and landing. Achieving long-ranges and high-speed, most of all in outdoor applications with strong solar background illumination, are challenging requirements. In the introduction we review different 3D-ranging techniques (stereo-vision, projection with structured light, pulsed-LiDAR, amplitude-modulated continuous-wave LiDAR, frequency-modulated continuous-wave interferometry), illumination schemes (single point and blade scanning, flash-LiDAR) and time-resolved detectors for LiDAR (EM-CCD, I-CCD, APD, SPAD, SiPM). Then, we provide an extensive review of silicon- single photon avalanche diode (SPAD)-based LiDAR detectors (both commercial products and research prototypes) analyzing how each architecture faces the main challenges of LiDAR (i.e., long ranges, centimeter resolution, large field-of-view and high angular resolution, high operation speed, background immunity, eye-safety and multi-camera operation). Recent progresses in 3D stacking technologies provided an important step forward in SPAD array development, allowing to reach smaller pitch, higher pixel count and more complex processing electronics. In the conclusions, we provide some guidelines for the design of next generation SPAD-LiDAR detectors.

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Section: Discussion On Next Generation Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPADs and SiPMs Arrays for Long-Range High-Speed Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)

Villa

Severini

Madonini

et al. 2021

Sensors

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One significant product will be a quantum rangefinder [233,234]. Conventional rangefinders use a bright laser and can be easily detected by the target.…”

Section: Quantum Imaging Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum technology for military applications

Krelina

2021

EPJ Quantum Technol.

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Quantum technology is an emergent and potentially disruptive discipline, with the ability to affect many human activities. Quantum technologies are dual-use technologies, and as such are of interest to the defence and security industry and military and governmental actors. This report reviews and maps the possible quantum technology military applications, serving as an entry point for international peace and security assessment, ethics research, military and governmental policy, strategy and decision making. Quantum technologies for military applications introduce new capabilities, improving effectiveness and increasing precision, thus leading to ‘quantum warfare’, wherein new military strategies, doctrines, policies and ethics should be established. This report provides a basic overview of quantum technologies under development, also estimating the expected time scale of delivery or the utilisation impact. Particular military applications of quantum technology are described for various warfare domains (e.g. land, air, space, electronic, cyber and underwater warfare and ISTAR—intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition and reconnaissance), and related issues and challenges are articulated.

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“…Direct detection is assumed to be ideal mode-resolved photon number resolving detection, which reports the number of photons in the detected mode [14]. Ideal coherent homodyne detection mixes the incoming light with a phase-referenced, strong coherent-state local oscillator (perfectly mode-matched with the signal) in a 50:50 beamsplitter, detects both outputs of the beamsplitter using ideal photodetectors (quantum-noise-limited intensity measurement), difference amplifies the two photocurrents and integrates over the mode duration.…”

Section: Quantum Bounds On Discriminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum-Limited Discrimination between Laser Light and Noise

Habif

Guha

2018

Frontiers in Optics / Laser Science

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To determine the fundamental sensitivity limit of an optical receiver one must have a complete quantum mechanical description of the incoming signals, even if those signals are from "classical" sources of light, i.e., ones whose photo-detection statistics with conventional receivers can be explained correctly using the shot-noise theory. In this work, we calculate the fundamental (quantum) limit for discriminating between two types of classical states in the low photon number regime: a coherent state, a pure-state quantum description of ideal (coherent) laser light with Poisson distributed photon statistics, and a thermal state, a (incoherent) mixed state with Bose-Einstein photon statistics. The Helstrom bound for discrimination error probability for single mode measurement is computed along with error probability bounds for direct detection, coherent homodyne detection and the Kennedy receiver. The generalized Kennedy (GK) receiver is shown to closely approach the Helstrom limit. We experimentally validate these results by generating coherent and thermal light and demonstrate that for signal strengthsns > 0.01 photons/mode, using a GK receiver with a quasi-photon-number resolving detector, we can approach quantum-limited discrimination performance, out-performing the discrimination capability achievable with traditional optical sensors. We demonstrate ∼ 17 dB improvement in discrimination sensitivity over direct detection using a GK receiver, and an improvement of 17% in error probability over coherent detection at a mean signal photon numberns = 0.4 photons/mode. PACS numbers:

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Thresholded Quantum LIDAR: Exploiting Photon-Number-Resolving Detection

Cited by 41 publications

References 20 publications

SPADs and SiPMs Arrays for Long-Range High-Speed Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)

SPADs and SiPMs Arrays for Long-Range High-Speed Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)

Quantum technology for military applications

Quantum-Limited Discrimination between Laser Light and Noise

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